home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
- Path: sparky!uunet!paladin.american.edu!auvm!!"OUT,
- Original_To: ALLM
- Original_cc: OLIVOTTO
- Message-ID: <ALLMUSIC%93012207224984@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU>
- Newsgroups: bit.listserv.allmusic
- Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 13:22:00 N
- Sender: Discussions on all forms of Music <ALLMUSIC@AUVM.BITNET>
- From: "Out,
- out - you'll not feel the fall-out..." <OLIVOTTO@ITNCISCA.BITNET>
- Subject: Maximum level of a CD
- Lines: 35
-
- About CD level, Tim said:
-
- >incidentally, since CDs are digital, and thus the max signal
- >from a CD is fixed (at least, for a given CD player, the max
- >signal for any CD should be the same) you shouldn't have to
- >fool with level settings on the tape deck. A given tape deck/
- >CD player combo could always have the same input level setting.
-
- and Ken replied:
-
- >This I don't follow. Most CD players send an analog signal to the amp--this
- >is why DAT isn't actually going to give you a perfect copy of a CD.
- >And most of my CDs make the meters jump around quite a bit when I record
- >them.
-
- I guess that Tim is right. Let's forget about oversampling for a
- second, and let's talk in terms of 16-bit code. When the signal is 0 dB,
- it is [1111111111111111] (don't count, they're 16 1's of course :) ). You
- can't push the level further while recording a digital medium, since it
- won't *saturate* -- it will *clip*, which is pretty different. So, the
- signals on the CD are all contained in the range 0 < number < (2^16)-1.
- Even clipped, a signal can't exceed 0 dB. It's not uncommon, instead, that
- one may push an analogue tape to +10 dB without many problems. The new Am-
- pex tape (model... boh, 944 possibly) is claimed to have +9 dB of headroom.
- with THD < 1% (Total Harmonic Distortion).
- That the analog translation of the signal is not totally linear it
- is well known, but this shouldn't be much of a problem in general.
- The jumping meters mean that you have high dynamics, not necessarily
- high signals.
- It is unfortunately true, by the way, that there are many CDs, espe-
- cially old ones and those made off old analog masters, that actually sound
- at a lower volume than you would expect. This is because the 16 bits aren't
- fully exploited, and thus this means less dynamics, more noise, etc.
-
- Ciao, Marco
-