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From: [e-mail] (Dave Kristofferson)
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Subject: NIH Guide, vol. 22, no. 3, pt. 2, 22 January 1993
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Date: 22 Jan 93 00:16:03 GMT
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$$XID NIHGUIDE 19930122 V22N03 P2O3 ************************************
National Cancer Institute
Executive Plaza North, Room 308
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Direct inquiries regarding fiscal matters to:

Cynthia Mead
Grants Administration Branch
National Cancer Institute
Executive Plaza South, Room 243
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]  Ext. 54

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance No 93.397.  Awards are made under authorization of the
Public Health Service Act, Title IV, Part A (Public Law 78-410, as
amended by Public Law 99-158, 42 USC 241 and 285) and administered
under PHS grants policies and Federal Regulations 42 CFR 52 and 45
CFR Part 74.  This program is not subject to the intergovernmental
review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency
review.

$$R5 END ************************************************************

$$R6 BEGIN CA-93-18 FULL-TEXT ***************************************

BREAST CANCER EDUCATION MINI-SUMMITS

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

RFA AVAILABLE:  CA-93-18

P.T. 34; II; K.W. 0715035, 0403004, 0502017

National Cancer Institute

Application Receipt Date:  May 7, 1993

THE REQUEST FOR APPLICATIONS (RFA) ANNOUNCED IN THIS NOTICE CONTAINS
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN APPLICATION.
POTENTIAL APPLICANTS MAY OBTAIN THE RFA FROM THE CONTACT NAMED IN THE
INQUIRIES, BELOW.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this RFA is to provide support for the planning,
implementation, and evaluation of Breast Cancer Education
Mini-Summits.  These mini-summits are intended as follow-up to other
breast cancer education programs designed to educate and encourage
leaders of community organizations, businesses, and/or health
organizations to establish breast cancer education screening
programs, such as the Breast Cancer Education Summits funded under
RFA CA-91-27.  The present RFA provides applicant institutions
opportunities to develop and conduct focused programs that are
tailored to the needs of more defined target audiences, as opposed to
the large-scale summits that will be funded under a different RFA and
will provide a comprehensive introduction to screening and education
programs aimed at a broad audience.

The mini-summits are to provide information about the importance of
early detection of breast cancer and practical experience, advice,
and skill-building in the development and operation of education and
screening programs and on effectively reaching women with these
services.  They are also to provide information on ways in which
women can obtain information on state-of-the-art treatment and on
referral to treatment services if a problem is found in screening.
Both education and workshop sessions should be included in the
program.  Attention should be given to defining the target audience,
determining their needs and obstacles to establishing education and
screening programs and to utilization of these services (e.g.,
cultural, social, economic concerns), and to developing a program
that addresses these needs and obstacles.

The grants awarded under this RFA will be used to partially fund
planning, implementation, and evaluation of the mini-summit.  The
mini-summits will be sponsored by the NCI and other non-profit
organizations.  Centers are encouraged to obtain additional funding
from local sources for any costs not met by this grant.

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000

The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health
promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000,"
a PHS- led national activity for setting priority areas.  This RFA,
Breast Cancer Education Mini-Summits, is related to the priority area
of cancer.  Potential applicants may obtain a copy of "Healthy People
2000" (Full Report:  Stock No. 017-001-00474-0) or "Healthy People
2000"  (Summary Report:  Stock No. 017-001-00473-1) thorough the
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington,
DC 20402-9325 (202-783-3238).

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

Eligibility for this RFA is limited to institutions with NCI P30
Cancer Center Support Grants, institutions with NCI P20 planning
grants for prospective cancer centers, and other institutions with a
broad base of grant-supported research in basic, clinical and
prevention and control science.  Applicants must show clear evidence
of prior experience in planning and conducting major breast cancer
education programs within the last three years for one or more of the
audiences that are the focus of this RFA.

Eligible institutions may apply for a grant under both this RFA and
RFA CA-93-17 to host a large-scale summit.

MECHANISM OF SUPPORT

The administrative and funding mechanism to be used to support these
summits will be the conference grant award (R13).  Responsibility for
the planning, direction, and execution of the proposed project will
be solely that of the applicant.  The total project period for
applications submitted in response to the present RFA may not exceed
one year.  No more than $7,500 in direct costs will be awarded to a
single institution.  The anticipated award date is July 30, 1993.

This RFA is a one-time solicitation.

FUNDS AVAILABLE

Approximately $60,000 in total costs will be committed to fund
applications that are submitted in response to this RFA.  It is
anticipated that seven to eight awards will be made.  This funding
level is dependent on receipt of a sufficient number of applications
of high scientific merit. Although this program is provided for in
the financial plans of the NCI, the award of grants pursuant to this
RFA is also contingent upon the availability of funds for this
purpose.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

The institutions that receive grants will be asked to coordinate
their meeting dates to ensure that the summits are well-spaced within
the time frame of October 1993 and July 1994.

Applicants are invited to attend a one-day workshop on planning and
conducting a breast cancer summit meeting that will be held in
Washington, DC on February 23, 1993.  Pre-registration is required
through the contacts named in inquiries below.

The funds and resources provided by the NCI must be used for
information and education purposes only and not for fund-raising
activities.

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

The research grant application form PHS-398 (revised 9/91) is to be
used in applying for these grants.  These forms are available at most
institutional offices of sponsored research; from the Office of
Grants Inquiries, Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of
Health, Westwood Building, Room 449, Bethesda, MD 20892, telephone
301-496-7441; and from the NCI Program Director named below.
Applicants may find information on the requirements for conference
grants and supplemental instructions for application form PHS-398 in
the publication on "Support of Scientific Meetings," U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, August 1988, 8 pp., which can be
obtained from the Office of Grants Inquiries or the Grants Management
contact noted below.

AWARD CRITERIA

Applications will be selected for funding based primarily on their
technical merit.  Location of the cancer centers will also be
considered to assure balanced geographic distribution in the seven or
eight summits funded under this RFA and the regional breast cancer
summits funded under RFA CA-93- 17, and a balance in the target
audiences benefitting from them.  Consideration of geographic
distribution and target audiences is important for ensuring the
broadest possible coverage of the U.S. population.  In addition, for
this RFA, consideration will be given to the intended target
audience(s) to ensure that model, or prototype, mini-summits are
developed and conducted that reach all the target audiences of this
RFA:  business, community organizations, government health agencies,
and intermediaries who have access to medically underserved and
hard-to-reach populations.

INQUIRIES

Written and telephone inquiries concerning this RFA are encouraged.
The opportunity to clarify any issues or questions from potential
applicants is welcome.

Direct inquiries on programmatic issues and requests for the RFA to:

Linda M. Muul, Ph.D.
Special Assistant to OCC
Program Director, Cancer Centers Branch
Division of Cancer Biology, Diagnosis and Centers
National Cancer Institute
Executive Plaza North, Room 308
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Direct inquiries regarding fiscal matters to:

Cynthia Mead
Grants Administration Branch
National Cancer Institute
Executive Plaza South, Room 243
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]  Ext. 54

AUTHORITY REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance No. 93.397.  Cancer Centers Support Awards are under
authorization of the Public Health Service Act, Title IV, Part A
(Public Law 78-410, as amended by Public Law 99-158, 42 USC 241 and
285) and administered under PHS grants policies and Federal
Regulations 42 CFR 52 and 45 CFR Part 74.  This program is not
subject to the intergovernmental review requirements of Executive
Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency Review.

$$R6 END ************************************************************

                     ONGOING PROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENTS

$$P1 BEGIN PAR-93-40 ************************************************

NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS FOR INDIVIDUAL PREDOCTORAL
FELLOWSHIPS

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

PAR:  PAR-93-40

P.T. 22; K.W. 0720005, 0404000

Application Receipt Dates:  April 5, August 5, December 5

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institute of Mental Health

PURPOSE

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute
of Mental Health (NIMH) provide National Research Service Awards
(NRSAs) to individuals for research training in specified areas of
behavioral and biomedical research in order to help ensure that
highly trained scientists will be available in adequate numbers and
in appropriate research areas and fields to meet the nation's
alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health research needs.

Each Institute has different program goals and initiatives;
therefore, potential applicants should contact the appropriate
Institute office, listed below, prior to preparing an application, to
obtain the full announcement and current information about the
Institute's interests with regard to fellowships.

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

Applicants must be citizen or noncitizen nationals of the United
States, or have been lawfully admitted to the United States for
permanent residence and have in their possession an Alien
Registration Receipt Card (I-151 or I-551) at the time of
application.  Prior to formal submission of a fellowship application,
an applicant must arrange for appointment to an appropriate
institution and acceptance by a sponsor to supervise the research
training experience.  The institutional setting may be a domestic or
foreign, nonprofit private or public institution, including a Federal
laboratory.  The sponsoring institution must have the availability of
staff and facilities to provide a suitable environment for performing
high- quality work.

An NRSA may not be held concurrently with another federally sponsored
fellowship or similar Federal award that provides a stipend or
otherwise duplicates provisions of the NRSA.  An individual may not
have more than one NRSA competing application pending with PHS
concurrently.  An NRSA recipient may, however, accept concurrent
educational remuneration from the Veterans Affairs Department and
loans from Federal funds.

MECHANISM OF SUPPORT

The mechanism of support is the NRSA Individual Fellowship (F31 for
predoctorals), intended to provide research training to individuals
in specified areas of behavioral and biomedical research.  Women and
minorities are encouraged to apply.

Predoctoral applicants must have completed two or more years of
graduate work and be enrolled in a doctoral degree program by the
proposed fellowship activation date.  Research training applied
toward preparation of a dissertation is permitted.  NRSAs are not
made for study leading to the M.D., D.O., D.D.S., or similar
professional degrees.

Period of Support:  By law, an individual may receive no more than
five years of support in the aggregate at the predoctoral level under
the NRSA program, including any combination of support from
individual and institutional awards.  Policies of the three awarding
components limit periods of individual fellowship support at the
predoctoral level to three years.

Stipends and Related Costs:  The annual stipend for predoctoral
individuals at all levels is $8,800.  The Tax Reform Act of 1986,
Public law 99-514, describes the tax liability of all persons
supported under the NRSA program.  Upon request, an allowance of up
to $3000/per 12-month period will be provided to the non-Federal
sponsoring institution to help defray such expenses as tuition and
fees, research supplies, equipment, travel to scientific meetings,
and related items.

TRAINING OBJECTIVES

The applicant should provide evidence of demonstrated potential for a
productive research career based upon the quality of previous
research training and academic record.  The applicant must propose a
research training program, which falls into one of the research areas
described in detail in the attachment to the announcement.  The
research training experience must provide enhancement in
conceptualization of research problems and in research skills, under
the guidance and supervision of a committed sponsor who is an active
and competent investigator in the area of the applicant's proposed
research.  The research training program should be carried out in an
environment rich in the resources, human and technical, and which is
demonstrably committed to research training and to the particular
program proposed by the applicant to enable the applicant to grow as
a creative scientist.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

Payback Requirement:  Recipients must agree to engage in health-
related research and/or teaching for a period equal to the period of
NRSA support in excess of 12 months.  Activities carried out while
supported by NRSAs may not be used to fulfill the payback
requirement.

Awards must be activated within six months of receipt of award
notice.

STUDY POPULATIONS

Applicants for fellowships that involve human subjects are required
to include minorities and both genders in study populations.  This
policy applies to all research involving human subjects and human
materials, and applies to males and females of all ages.

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

Prospective applicants should contact the relevant Institute office
(see below) for a copy of the complete program announcement and for
information regarding preapplication consultation and the application
process.  The special Individual National Research Service Award kit,
(PHS 416-1 rev. 10/91) must be used in applying for fellowships.
These forms are normally available from the institutional office of
sponsored research or its equivalent.  If not available locally,
forms may be obtained from the offices listed at the end of this
announcement.

The number of this Program Announcement (PAR-93-40) should be typed
in Item 3 on the face page of the application form.  Applications
will be accepted on April 5, August 5, and December 5.  Applications
received after these receipt dates are subject to assignment to the
next cycle or may be returned to the applicant.  An original and two
copies of the completed and signed application are to be submitted
to:

Division of Research Grants
National Institutes of Health
5333 Westbard Avenue, Room 240
Bethesda, MD  20892**

Letters of reference in sealed envelopes must be attached to the
application.

REVIEW CONSIDERATIONS

Individual NRSA fellowship applications are reviewed for scientific,
technical, and educational merit by Institute initial review groups
composed primarily of nongovernment scientists.  Major considerations
in the review are the applicant's potential for a productive
scientific career, the need for the proposed training requested, and
the probability that the research training proposal will meet that
need.  The individual applicant, the research training plan, the
sponsor and institutional environment, and the sponsor's endorsement
and letters of reference are all considered in the review.  Detailed
review criteria are listed in the full announcement.

AWARD CRITERIA

The responsibility of award decisions resides solely with authorized
program staff of the Institutes.  The following criteria will be used
in making award decisions:  (1) overall merit of the application; (2)
relevance of the application to the research priorities of the
awarding institute and program balance; (3) availability of funds.

INQUIRIES

The full Program Announcement and the application kit may be obtained
from any of the following offices:

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
OSAPs National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information
P.O. Box 2345
Rockville, MD  20847-2345
Telephone:  [phone] or 1-(800)-729-6686

National Institute on Drug Abuse
Grants Management Branch
5600 Fishers Lane, Room 8A-54
Rockville, MD  20857
Telephone:  [phone]

National Institute of Mental Health
Grants Management Branch
5600 Fishers Lane, Room 7C-05
Rockville, MD  20857
Telephone:  [phone]

Inquiries regarding grants management may be directed to the National
Institute of Mental Health address given above.

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance No. 93.272, 93.278, 93.282.  Awards will be made under the
authority of Section 487 of the Public Health Service Act, as amended
(42 U.S.C. 288) and administered in accordance with the PHS Grants
Policy Statement revised October 1990.

$$P1 END ************************************************************

$$P2 BEGIN PA-93-41 *************************************************

MINORITY INVESTIGATORS IN ASTHMA AND ALLERGY

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

PA:  PA-93-41

P.T.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
American Academy of Allergy and Immunology

PURPOSE

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID),
the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and the
American Academy of Allergy and Immunology (AAAI) recognize that
asthma and allergy, as well as immunologic lung diseases,
disproportionately afflict minority populations.  The resultant high
morbidity and mortality in these groups clearly require greater
attention.  The AAAI, NIAID and NHLBI share the concern regarding the
importance of heightened efforts in basic and clinical research in
asthma, allergy, and immunologic lung diseases.

Also critical to solving this growing public health problem is the
need to increase the numbers of basic and clinical minority
researchers.  Thus, NIAID, NHLBI and AAAI have agreed to join
together in a program that will address this area of need.

This supplement program is designed to reach minority scientists and
students working with Principal Investigators funded by NIAID and
NHLBI, as well as those supported by other, non-NIH, mechanisms.

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000

The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health
promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000,"
a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas.  This PA,
Minority Investigators in Asthma and Allergy, is related to the
priority areas of asthma and allergy.  Potential applicants may
obtain a copy of "Healthy People 2000" (Full Report:  Stock No.
017-001-00474-0) or "Healthy People 2000" (Summary Report:  Stock No.
017-001-00473-1) through the Superintendent of Documents, Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (telephone [phone]).

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

This program is comprised of two funding components, one from NIAID
or NHLBI and the other from AAAI.  The eligibility requirements set
forth in the guidelines for the Research Supplements for
Underrepresented Minorities (as announced in the NIH Guide for Grants
and Contracts, January 24, 1992, Vol. 21, No. 3), will be used for
the NIAID and NHLBI component.

For the NIAID, applications may be submitted by Principal
Investigators working in the fields of asthma, allergy, and
immunologic diseases who have ongoing qualifying NIAID research
support.  For the NHLBI, applications may be submitted by Principal
Investigators working in the field of asthma and immunologic lung
diseases who have ongoing, qualifying NHLBI research support.  For
both NIAID and NHLBI, supplemental applications may be submitted on
behalf of postdoctoral scientists who are members of underrepresented
minority groups (Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Pacific
Islanders, or other ethnic or racial group members who have been
found to be underrepresented in biomedical or behavioral research
nationally).  In addition, qualifying Principal Investigators may
apply for funds to support two high school and two undergraduate or
medical students.  This part of the program is designed to stimulate
young, promising individuals to pursue a career in clinical or basic
research in the fields of asthma and allergy.  Principal
Investigators may apply for support for either or both postdoctoral
scientists and/or high school and undergraduate/medical students.

Candidates for this program must be U.S. citizens lawfully-admitted
aliens, or non-citizen nationals.

For the AAAI component of this program, minority postdoctoral
scientists may be candidates to work with non- NIH supported
Principal Investigators in the fields of asthma and allergy.  This is
in recognition of the fact that a sizable portion of the target
population (i.e., minority investigators with the M.D. degree) may be
in programs funded through non-NIH mechanisms.  For these
applications, the Principal Investigator must serve as the minority
individual's mentor.

MECHANISM OF SUPPORT

For the NIAID-sponsored part of this program, Principal Investigators
supported by NIAID at domestic institutions working in the field of
asthma and allergy may apply for a minority supplement.  PIs must be
supported by a qualifying NIH research support mechanism including
R01, R18, R37, P01, P30, P50, and U01.

For the NHLBI-sponsored part of this program, Principal Investigators
at domestic institutions who conduct research in the field of asthma
and immunologic lung diseases and are supported by NHLBI through R01,
R18, R37, P01, or U01 grants with a minimum of two years of research
support remaining may apply for a minority supplement.  The NHLBI
will not accept supplemental applications from P50 supported
investigators.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

All NIAID-funded Principal Investigators working in broad-based basic
or clinical research in asthma and allergic diseases are encouraged
to apply.  Projects ranging from molecular biology studies to
intervention protocols will be considered.  The objectives of this
Program Announcement are to:

o  Increase understanding of basic research in asthma and allergy,
including, but not limited to such areas as cytokines and adhesion
molecules, and the relationship of the environment to asthma and
allergic processes.

o  Foster understanding of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of
asthma and allergy leading to better outcome measurements.

NHLBI-supported Principal Investigators who conduct basic, clinical
or health education research in asthma or immunologic lung diseases
are encouraged to apply.  Projects may range from molecular biology
and genetics to clinical interventions and population-based
investigations. Development and evaluation of demonstration and
health education research projects are also of interest.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANTS REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF NIH
POLICIES CONCERNING INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN CLINICAL
RESEARCH STUDY POPULATIONS

NIH policy is that applicants for NIH clinical research grants and
cooperative agreements are required to include minorities and women
in study populations so that research findings can be of benefit to
all persons at risk of the disease, disorder or condition under
study; special emphasis must be placed on the need for inclusion of
minorities an women in studies of diseases, disorders and conditions
which disproportionately affect them.  This policy is intended to
apply to males and females of all ages.  If women or minorities are
excluded or inadequately represented in clinical research,
particularly in proposed population-based studies, a clear compelling
rationale must be provided.

The population of the proposed study population must be described in
terms of gender and racial/ethnic group.  In addition, gender and
racial/ethnic issues should be addressed in developing a research
design and sample size appropriate for the scientific objectives of
the study.  This information must be included in the form PHS 398
(rev. 9/91) in Sections 1-4 of the Research Plan AND summarized in
Section 5, Human Subjects.  Applicants are urged to assess carefully
the feasibility of including the broadest possible representation of
minority groups.  However, NIH recognizes that it may not be feasible
nor appropriate in all research projects to include representation of
the full array United States racial/ethnic minority populations
(i.e., Native Americans (including American Indians or Alaska
Natives), Asian/Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics).  The rationale
for studies on single minority population groups must be provided.

For the purpose of this policy, clinical research is defined as human
biomedical and behavioral studies of etiology, epidemiology,
prevention (and preventive strategies), diagnosis, or treatment of
diseases, disorders or conditions, including but not limited to
clinical trials.

The usual NIH policies concerning research on human subjects also
apply.  Basic research or clinical studies in which human tissues
cannot be identified or linked to individuals are excluded.  However,
every effort should be made to include human tissues from women and
racial/ethnic minorities when it is important to apply the results of
the study broadly, and this should be addressed by applicants.

If the required information is not contained within the application,
the review will be deferred until the information is provided.

Peer reviewers will address specifically whether the research plan in
the application conforms to these policies. If the representation of
women and minorities in a study design is inadequate to answer the
scientific question(s) addressed AND the justification for the
selected study population is inadequate, it will be considered a
scientific weakness or deficiency in the study design and will be
reflected in assigning the priority score to the application.

All applications for clinical research submitted to NIH are required
to address these policies.  NIH funding components will not award
grants or cooperative agreements that do not comply with these
policies.

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

For the NIAID, a request for a supplement must be submitted by the
Principal Investigator on behalf of a minority candidate, by March
29, 1993.  For the NHLBI, a request for a supplement may be submitted
by the Principal Investigator on behalf of a minority candidate at
any time.  The format of the applications should follow the
guidelines of the "Research Supplements for Underrepresented
Minorities," (NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, January 24, 1992,
Vol. 21., No. 3).  The format set forth in those guidelines is
recommended for the applicants submitting applications for the AAAI
component of the program.  Non-NIH funded applicants should provide
all information requested of NIH-supported Principal Investigators.
It is expected that the applicants for the non-NIH portion of this
program will provide (and adequately describe) a scientific setting
similar to that of their counterparts applying for the NIAID or NHLBI
portion.  Funding decisions for the NIAID supplements will be
finalized by April 16, 1993.  Funding decisions for NHLBI supplements
will be made within four to six weeks after receipt of an
application.

The completed original application (for either the NIAID or the AAAI
component) and five copies must be sent to Dr. Milton J. Hernandez at
the address listed under INQUIRIES.

The completed original application (for either the NHLBI or AAAI
component) and five copies must be sent to Dr. Sri Ram at the address
listed under INQUIRIES.

REVIEW PROCEDURES

Review of the applications for this supplement program will follow
the guidelines for Research Supplements for Underrepresented
Minorities.  Applications will be reviewed by an ad hoc committee
formed by NIAID staff and AAAI representatives.  Applications
submitted to the NHLBI will be reviewed by NHLBI staff and AAAI
representatives.

Review criteria will include:

1.  Qualifications of the minority individual including career goals,
prior research training, research potential, and any relevant
experience.

2.  Adequacy of plan for the proposed research in the supplemental
request, and its relationship to the parent grant.

3.  Evidence from the Principal Investigator that the experience will
enhance the research potential, knowledge and/or skills of the
minority individual.

4.  Evidence from the Principal Investigator that the activities of
the minority individual are an integral part of the project.

5.  Evidence of educational achievement of the minority individual
and interest in a career in biomedical science.

AWARD CRITERIA

For FY 1993, it is expected that two minority supplement applications
from NIAID-supported Principal Investigators will be funded by NIAID
for a duration of two years.

No limit has been placed on the number of awards to be supported by
the NHLBI; as many as possible will be funded based on the quality of
the applications and the funds available for minority supplement
awards.  It is expected that two applications from non-NIH supported
investigators will be funded by AAAI.

NIAID and NHLBI supplements will be made according to the prevailing
guidelines, providing an award of up to $50,000 (salary plus supplies
and travel) per year.  In addition the prevailing indirect costs will
also be awarded to the applicant institution.  AAAI awards will be
for $30,000 and will provide no indirect costs to the applicant
institution.

INQUIRIES

Direct inquiries regarding programmatic aspects of the NIAID
component of this program to:

Milton J. Hernandez, Ph.D.
Director, Office of Science Training and Manpower Development
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Solar Building, Room 4C10
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Inquiries on fiscal matters for NIAID be addressed to:

Ms. Barbara A. Huffman
Special Assistant for Operations
Grants Management Branch
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Solar Building, Room 4C26
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Direct inquiries regarding programmatic aspects of the NHLBI
component of this program to:

Sri Ram, Ph.D.
Office of the Director
Division of Lung Diseases
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Westwood Building, Room 6A16
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]
FAX:  [phone]

Inquiries on fiscal matters for NHLBI may be addressed to:

Raymond Zimmerman
Grants Management Branch
Division of Extramural Affairs
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Westwood Building, Room 6A16
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance No. 93.855.  Awards are made under authorization of the
Public Health Service Act, Title IV, Part A (Public Law 78-410, as
amended by Public Law 99-158, 42 USC 241 and 285) and administered
under PHS grants policies and Federal Regulations 42 CFR 52 and 45
CFR Part 74.  This program is not subject to the intergovernmental
review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency
review.

$$P2 END ************************************************************

$$P3 BEGIN PA-93-42 *************************************************

CYTOKINES AND ADHESION IN ALLERGY AND INFLAMMATION

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

PA:  PA-93-42

P.T. 34; K.W. 0715110, 0715026, 1002004, 1002008, 1003018, 0755035

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

PURPOSE

The Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT) of
the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and
the Division of Lung Diseases (DLD) of the National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute (NHLBI) invite applications for support of basic and
preclinical studies directed at determining the effects of cytokines
and adhesion molecules on immune cells involved in allergy and
inflammation.

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000

The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health
promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000,"
a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas.  This Program
Announcement (PA), Cytokines and Adhesion in Allergy and
Inflammation, is related to the priority area of diabetes and chronic
disabling diseases.  Potential applicants may obtain a copy of
"Healthy People 2000" (Full Report:  Stock No. 017-001-00474-0) or
"Healthy  People 2000" (Summary Report:  Stock No. 017-001-00473-1)
through the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402-0325 (telephone [phone]).

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

Research grant applications may be submitted by domestic and foreign,
for-profit and non-profit organizations, public and private, such as
universities, colleges, hospitals, laboratories, units of State and
local governments, and eligible agencies of the Federal government.
Applications from minority individuals and women are encouraged.
Foreign institutions are not eligible to apply for the First
Independent Research Support and Transition (FIRST) award (R29).

MECHANISMS OF SUPPORT

The mechanisms of support will be the individual research project
grant (R01) and the FIRST award (R29).  Multidisciplinary approaches
that involve collaborative efforts among investigators in the fields
of basic and clinical immunology, allergy, pulmonology, biochemistry
and molecular biology are strongly encouraged.

Policies that govern research grant programs of the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) will prevail.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

Background

Progress in understanding the complex steps in the inflammatory
process requires a definition of the cellular interactions, of the
mechanisms of cell activation, and of the functions of the products
secreted by the activated cells.  Recent progress has resulted in
identification and cloning of adhesion molecules and cytokines, which
are important in cellular interactions and cell activation,
respectively, and in identification of several cell types that
produce cytokines.  However, the precise relationships between
adhesion molecules, cytokines and inflammation have not yet been
elucidated.

Cytokines may selectively induce expression of adhesion molecules.
For example, IL-4 induces selective expression of VCAM-1 on
endothelium, resulting in selective adherence of basophils and
eosinophils, two cell types that are prominent in chronic allergic
inflammation.  There are many other adhesion molecules and
counterreceptors on endothelium and leukocytes, and many cytokines
other than IL-4 that may influence expression of these molecules.

Cytokines also selectively induce cell activation.  IL-5 and other
cytokines (e.g., IL-3, GM-CSF) all activate eosinophils, but the
availability of these cytokines at the sites of inflammation in vivo,
and thus the relative importance of each of these cytokines, are
unknown.

Some cellular sources of cytokines are known.  IL-4 and IL-5 are
products of helper T cells, probably of the so-called TH2 subset, but
recent evidence suggests that mast cells and perhaps basophils may
also produce these cytokines, and that eosinophils may produce other
cytokines.  The relative importance of T-cell vs. non-T cell derived
cytokines has not been elucidated.

Many new cytokines have been identified and cloned in recent years,
including interleukins, interferon-~, TGF-a, colony stimulating
factors such as GM-CSF, and members of the intecrine/chemocrine
family of cytokines (such as MCAF/MCP-1 and RANTES), and many of
these have been shown to have potent effects on inflammatory cells.

Research Objectives and Scope

The NIAID and the NHLBI are interested in sponsoring research
projects to further understanding of the role of adhesion molecules
and cytokines in inflammation, especially allergic inflammation.
Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

o  Cloning the genes that encode adhesion molecules and identifying
how these genes are regulated in various microenvironments and at
various stages of inflammation.

o  Cloning the genes that encode cytokines and identifying how these
genes are regulated in various microenvironments and at various
stages of inflammation.

o  Determining the relative importance of cytokines and of different
cell sources of cytokines at various stages of inflammation in vivo.

o  Identifying the mechanisms of cell activation which result in
cytokine production.

o  Determining the biochemical and molecular characteristics of the
inflammatory cell types at various stages of inflammation.

In these proposals the use of newer techniques of molecular and
cellular biology and protein biochemistry is strongly encouraged.

STUDY POPULATIONS

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANTS REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF NIH
POLICIES CONCERNING INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN CLINICAL
RESEARCH STUDY POPULATIONS

NIH policy is that applicants for NIH clinical research grants and
cooperative agreements are required to include minorities and women
in study populations so that research findings can be of benefit to
all persons at risk of the disease, disorder or condition under
study; special emphasis must be placed on the need for inclusion of
minorities and women in studies of diseases, disorders and conditions
that disproportionately affect them.  This policy is intended to
apply to males and females of all ages.  If women or minorities are
excluded or inadequately represented in clinical research,
particularly in proposed population-based studies, a clear compelling
rationale must be provided.

The composition of the proposed study population must be described in
terms of gender and racial/ethnic group.  In addition, gender and
racial/ethnic issues should be addressed in developing a research
design and sample size appropriate for the scientific objectives of
the study.  This information must be included in the form PHS 398 in
items 1-4 of the Research Plan AND summarized in item 5, Human
Subjects.  Applicants are urged to assess carefully the feasibility
of including the broadest possible representation of minority groups.
However, NIH recognizes that it may not be feasible or appropriate in
all research projects to include representation of the full array of
United States racial/ethnic minority populations (i.e., Native
Americans (including American Indians or Alaskan Natives),
Asian/Pacific Islanders, Blacks, Hispanics).  The rationale for
studies on single minority population groups must be provided.

For the purpose of this policy, clinical research is defined as human
biomedical and behavioral studies of etiology, epidemiology,
prevention (and preventive strategies), diagnosis, or treatment of
diseases, disorders or conditions, including but not limited to
clinical trials.

The usual NIH policies concerning research on human subjects also
apply.  Basic research or clinical studies in which human tissues
cannot be identified or linked to individuals are excluded.  However,
every effort should be made to include human tissues from women and
racial/ethnic minorities when it is important to apply the results of
the study broadly, and this should be addressed by applicants.

For foreign awards, the policy on inclusion of women applies fully;
since the definition of minority differs in other countries, the
applicant must discuss the relevance of research involving foreign
population groups to the United States' populations, including
minorities.

If the required information is not contained within the application,
the review will be deferred until the information is provided.  Peer
reviewers will address specifically whether the research plan in the
application conforms to these policies.  If the representation of
women or minorities in a study design is inadequate to answer the
scientific question(s) addressed AND the justification for the
selected study population is inadequate, it will be considered a
scientific weakness or deficiency in the study design and will be
reflected in assigning the priority score to the application.

All applications for clinical research submitted to NIH are required
to address these policies.  NIH funding components will not award
grants or cooperative agreements that do not comply with these
policies.

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

Applicants are to use the research grant application form PHS 398
(rev. 9/91).  For purposes of identification and processing, check
yes on item 2a of the face page and enter the PA number and title:
"PA-93-42:  Cytokines and Adhesion in Allergy and Inflammation."
Applications will be accepted in accordance with the standard
submission dates for new applications:  February 1, June 1, and
October 1.

Applicants from institutions that have a General Clinical Research
Center (GCRC) funded by the NIH National Center for Research
Resources may wish to identify the GCRC as a resource for conducting
the proposed research.  If so, a letter of agreement from either the
GCRC program director or principal investigator should be included
with the application.

Application kits are available at most institutional offices of
sponsored research and may be obtained from the Office of Grants
Inquiries, Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of
Health, Westwood Building, Room 449, Bethesda, MD 20892, telephone
[phone].

The completed original signed application and five legible copies
must be sent or delivered to:

Division of Research Grants
National Institutes of Health
Westwood Building, Room 240
Bethesda, MD  20892**

For FIRST award (R29) applications, three reference letters (in
sealed envelopes) must be attached to the face page of the original
application and submitted with the application.  Failure to provide
the three reference letters will result in return of the application
to the investigator.

REVIEW PROCEDURES

Applications will be assigned on the basis of established PHS
referral guidelines.  Applications will be reviewed for scientific
and technical merit by study sections of the Division of Research
Grants, NIH, in accordance with the standard NIH peer review
procedures.  Following scientific-technical review, the applications
will receive a second-level review by an appropriate national
advisory council or board.

AWARD CRITERIA

Applications will compete for available funds with all other approved
applications.  The following will be considered in making funding
decisions: quality of the proposed project as determined by peer
review, availability of funds, and program balance among research
areas of the announcement.

INQUIRIES

Written and telephone inquiries are encouraged.  The opportunity to
clarify any issues or questions from potential applicants is welcome.

Direct inquiries regarding programmatic issues to:

Eugene M. Zimmerman, Ph.D.
Chief, Allergic Mechanisms Section
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Solar Building, Room 4A24
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]
FAX:  [phone]

Susan P. Banks-Schlegel, Ph.D.
Division of Lung Diseases
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Westwood Building, Room 6A15
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]
FAX:  [phone]

Direct inquiries regarding fiscal matters to:

Mr. Jeffrey Carow
Immunology Grants Management Section
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Solar Building, Room 4B29
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Tanya McCoy
Division of Extramural Affairs
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Westwood Building, Room 4A17A
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance, No. 93.855 and No. 93.838.  Grants are awarded under the
authority of the Public Health Service Act, Section 301 (42 USC 241)
and Title IV, Part A (Public Law 78-410, as amended by Public Law
99-158, 42 USC 241 and 285) and administered under PHS grants
policies and Federal Regulations, most specifically at 42 CFR Part 52
and 45 CFR Part 74.  This program is not subject to the
intergovernmental review requirements of Executive Order 12372 or
Health Systems Agency review.

$$P3 END ************************************************************

$$P4 BEGIN PAR-93-43 ************************************************

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH SUPPORT SHARED INSTRUMENTATION GRANT

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

PAR NUMBER:  PAR-93-43

P.T. 34; K.W. 1014001

National Center for Research Resources

Application Receipt Date:  March 24, 1993

PURPOSE

The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) is continuing its
competitive Biomedical Research Support (BRS) Shared Instrumentation
Grant (SIG) Program initiated in Fiscal Year 1982.  The recent
National Survey of Academic Research Equipment and Equipment Needs,
cosponsored by National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National
Science Foundation, identified research equipment of the type
provided through this program as top-priority.  The objective of the
program is to make available to institutions with a high
concentration of NIH-supported biomedical investigators research
instruments that can only be justified on a shared-use basis and for
which meritorious research projects are described.

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

The BRS Shared Instrumentation Grant Program is a subprogram of the
BRS Program of the NCRR.  Awards are made under the authority of the
BRS Program and are made to public and non-profit institutions only.
Health professional schools, other academic institutions, hospitals,
state and municipal health agencies, and research organizations may
apply.  Federal institutions, foreign institutions, and for-profit
institutions are not eligible.  Awards are contingent on the
availability of funds.

An eligible institution may submit more than one application for
different instrumentation for the March 24, 1993, deadline.  However,
if several applications are submitted for similar instrumentation
from one or more eligible components of an institution, documentation
from a high administrative official must be provided, stating that
the several applications are a coordinated institutional resource
plan, not an unintended duplication.

MECHANISM OF SUPPORT

BRS Shared Instrumentation Grants (S10) provide support for expensive
state-of-the-art instruments utilized in both basic and clinical
research.  Applications are limited to instruments that cost at least
$100,000 per instrument or system.  The maximum award is $400,000.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

This program is designed to meet the special problems of acquisition
and updating of expensive shared-use instruments that are not
generally available through other NIH mechanisms, such as the regular
research project, program project and center grant programs, or the
Biomedical Research Technology Grant Program.  Proposals for the
development of new instrumentation will not be considered.

Types of instrumentation supported include, but are not limited to,
nuclear magnetic resonance systems, electron microscopes, mass
spectrometers, protein sequencer/amino acid analyzers and cell
sorters.  Support will not be provided for general purpose equipment
or purely instructional equipment, personal computers, personal
workstations, printers and ethernet interfaces.  Proposals for "stand
alone" computer systems will only be considered if the instrument is
solely dedicated to the research needs of a broad community of
NIH-supported investigators.

Awards will be made for the direct costs of the acquisition of new,
or the updating of existing, research instruments.  The institution
must meet those costs (not covered in the normal purchase price)
required to place the instrumentation in operational order as well as
the maintenance, support personnel and service costs associated with
maximum utilization of the instrument.  There is no upper limit on
the cost of the instrument, but the maximum award is $400,000.
Grants will be awarded for a period of one year and are not
renewable. Supplemental applications will not be accepted.  The
program does not provide indirect costs or support for construction
or alterations and renovations.  Cost sharing is not required.  If
the amount of funds requested does not cover the total cost of the
instrument, the application should describe the proposed sources(s)
of funding for the balance of the cost of the instrument.
Documentation of the availability of the remainder of the funding,
signed by an appropriate institutional official, must be presented to
NCRR prior to the issuance of an award.  Requests for a multiple
instrument purchase totaling over $400,000 must specify and justify
which instrument(s) should be supported within the $400,000 ceiling.

Applicants proposing the direct purchase of an instrument that the
institution has secured or is planning to secure via a leasing
agreement are strongly encouraged to consult with their institutional
sponsored projects office regarding applicable NIH policy prior to
executing the leasing agreement.  If the leasing agreement was
executed more than one year prior to submission of the SIG
application, the applicant must provide strong justification for the
requested Federal funds.  Further, the instrument must be considered
state-of-the-art at the time of submission of the SIG application.

A major user group of three or more investigators should be
identified.  A minimum of three major users must be Principal
Investigators on NIH peer reviewed research support at the time of
the award.  The application must show a clear need for the
instrumentation by projects supported by multiple NIH research awards
and demonstrate that these projects will require at least 75 percent
of the total usage of the instrument.  Major users can be individual
researchers, or a group of investigators within the same department
or from several departments at the applicant institution.  NIH
extramural awardees from other institutions may also be included.

If the major user group does not require total usage of the
instrument, access to the instrument can be made available to other
users upon the advice of the internal advisory committee.  These
users need not be NIH awardees, but priority should be given to
NIH-supported scientists engaged in biomedical research.

Each applicant institution must propose a Principal Investigator who
can assume administrative/scientific oversight responsibility for the
instrumentation requested.  An internal advisory committee to assist
in this responsibility should also be utilized.  The Principal
Investigator and the advisory group are responsible for the
development of guidelines for shared use of the instrument, for
preparation of all reports required by the NIH, for relocation of the
instrument within the grantee institution if the major user group is
significantly altered and for continued support for the maximum
utilization and maintenance of the instrument in the post-award
period.

A plan should be proposed for the day-to-day management of the
instrument including designation of a qualified individual to
supervise the operation of the instrument and to provide technical
expertise to the users.  Specific plans for sharing arrangements and
for monitoring the use of the instrument should be described.

If a grant award is made, a final progress report will be required
that describes the use of the instrument, listing all users, and
indicating the value of the instrumentation to the research of the
major users and to the institution as a whole. This report is due
within 90 days following the end of the project period.

APPLICATION PROCEDURES

Applications are to be submitted on the grant application form PHS
398 (rev. 9/91).  Application kits are available at most
institutional offices of sponsored research and may be obtained from
the Office of Grants Inquiries, Division of Research Grants, National
Institutes of Health, Westwood Building, Room 449, Bethesda, MD
20892, telephone [phone].

1.  Form page 1 (Face page of the application) - Item 1.  Name the
type of instrument requested.  (Note at the bottom of the face page
if a duplicate application has been sent to another agency.)

Item 2.  Check the box marked, "yes," and write in the number of this
announcement and "NCRR-BRS SHARED INSTRUMENTATION GRANT."

Item 4.  If human subjects are involved in the research, follow the
instructions for completing Item 4 on the face page of form PHS 398,
certifying that an Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved by PHS
has reviewed and approved the protocols involving human subjects.  If
the protocols are ongoing and have already received prior IRB review
and approval within one year of the submission date of this
application, then additional IRB review is not necessary.  However,
this fact must be noted in Item 4 on the Face Page, and, if space is
insufficient, the date(s) of prior IRB review and approval of each
protocol involving human subjects should be listed in the "Research
Plans."

Item 5.  If live vertebrate animals are involved in the research,
follow the instructions for completing Item 5 on the Face Page of
Form PHS 398, verifying that an Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee (IACUC) approved by PHS (OPRR) has reviewed and approved
the protocols involving animals.  If the protocols are ongoing and
have already received prior IACUC review and approval within three
years of the submission date of this application, then additional
IACUC review is not necessary.  However, this fact must be noted in
Item 5 on the Face Page and, if space is insufficient, the date(s) of
prior IACUC review and approval of each protocol involving animals
should be listed in the "Research Plan."

Item 6.  Write in April 1, 1994 - March 31, 1995.

Item 8A.  Use this block to give the total amount requested from NCRR
for this instrument or system.

Item 12.  Complete Item 12 and type in the institution's BRS grant
number.

2.  Form page 2.  Complete the abstract as directed. Under "Personnel
engaged on project", give data on the Principal Investigator and the
major user group as required.

3.  Form page 4.  Describe the instrument requested including
manufacturer and model number.  The model chosen should be justified
by comparing its performance with other available instruments.
Provide a detailed budget breakdown of the main equipment and
accessories requested including tax and import duties, if applicable.
An itemized quote from a vendor should be included.  If a project
involves a potential biohazard, funds for accessory containment
equipment for the instrument or instrument system may be included in
the requested budget.

4.  Form page 5.  Budget Estimates for All Years.  Not applicable; do
not complete.

5.  Form page 6 - Biographical Sketch.  In addition to the personnel
listed on page 2, include a biographical sketch of the person(s) who
will be in charge of maintenance and operation of the instrument and
a brief statement of the qualifications of the individual(s).
Biographical sketches should not exceed two pages for each
individual.

6.  Form page 7 - Other Support.  Provide the requested information
for each major user.

7.  Section 2 of the application.  (If this is a revised application,
note the special instructions in the PHS-398 kit regarding completion
of Section 2 of the application.)

Provide information relative to the points identified under criteria
for review including:

a.  Inventory similar instruments existing at the institution or
otherwise accessible; describe why they are unavailable or
inappropriate for the proposed research and provide a clear
justification why new or updated equipment is needed, including
accessories.

b.  Have the major users describe their research projects and
indicate how the requested instrumentation and/or accessories would
enhance the progress of their research projects.  While most projects
are included in currently funded applications, some represent new
directions.  In the case of funded projects, the description should
not exceed four pages per user but should point out the benefit of
the proposed instrument to the research objectives of each major
user.  New directions and their requirements for the proposed
instrumentation should be described in sufficient detail to allow
adequate review (including  preliminary data or supplemental
materials).  Use a table to list the names of the users, brief titles
of the projects, the NIH grant numbers and the estimated percentage
of use.  List the page number of this table under "Table of Contents"
(Form page 3) after "Resources and Environment".  Make a separate
table to indicate the major users' needs for requested accessories.
If possible, each user should highlight those publications that
demonstrate the user's expertise in using the requested
instrumentation.

c.  Describe the organizational plan including the internal advisory
committee for administration of the grant.

d.  Submit a specific plan for long-term operation and maintenance of
the instrument.  Provide documentation (e.g., separate letters signed
by appropriate institutional officials) describing the required
institutional commitment in support of the proposed plan.

Applications must be received by March 24, 1993.  Applications
received after this date will not be accepted for review in this
competition.  The original and three copies of the application,
together with four copies of any appendix material, must be sent to:

Application Receipt Office
Division of Research Grants
National Institutes of Health
Westwood Building, Room 240
Bethesda, MD  20892***

Two copies of the application and one copy of any appendix material
must be addressed to:

Biomedical Research Support Program
National Center for Research Resources
Westwood Building, Room 10A11
Bethesda, MD  20892

REVIEW PROCEDURES

Applications are reviewed by specially convened initial review groups
of the Division of Research Grants (DRG) for scientific and technical
merit and for program considerations by the National Advisory
Research Resources Council (NARRC) of the NCRR.  Approximately half
of the applications will be reviewed at the September 1993, NARRC
meeting and the remainder at the NARRC meeting in February 1994.
Funding decisions on all applications received for the March 24,
1993, deadline will not be made until the program receives an
appropriation for FY 1994.  The Council date will not affect funding
decisions.

Criteria for review of applications include the following:

o  The extent to which an award for the specific instrument would
meet the scientific needs and enhance the planned research endeavors
of the major users by providing an instrument that is unavailable or
to which availability is highly limited.

o  The availability and commitment of the appropriate technical
expertise within the major user group or the institution for use of
the instrumentation.

o  The adequacy of the organizational plan and the internal advisory
committee for administration of the grant including sharing
arrangements for use of the instrument.

o  The institution's commitment for continued support of the
utilization and maintenance of the instrument.

o  The benefit of the proposed instrument to the overall research
community it will serve.

AWARD CRITERIA

In making funding decisions, the NCRR will give consideration to
ensure program balance among various types of instruments supported
and/or geographic distribution of awards.

INQUIRIES

Inquiries regarding programmatic or scientific issues may be directed
to:

Marjorie A. Tingle, Ph.D.
Director, Biomedical Research Support Program
National Center for Research Resources
Westwood Building, Room 10A11
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

Direct inquiries regarding fiscal matters to:

Ms. Mary V. Niemiec
Office of Grants and Contracts Management
National Center for Research Resources
Westwood Building, Room 849
Bethesda, MD  20892
Telephone:  [phone]

AUTHORITY AND REGULATIONS

This program is described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic
Assistance number 93.337, Biomedical Research Support.  Awards will
be made under authorization of the Public Health Service Act, Title
IV, Part A, (Public Law 78-410, as amended by Public Law 99-158, 42
USC 241 and 285) and administered under PHS grant policies and
Federal Regulations 42 CFR Part 52 and 45 CFR Part 74.  This program
is not subject to the intergovernmental review requirements of
Executive Order 12372 or Health Systems Agency Review.

$$P4 END ************************************************************

$$P5 BEGIN PA-93-44 *************************************************

THE SPREAD OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG DRUG USERS

NIH GUIDE, Volume 22, Number 3, January 22, 1993

PA NUMBER:  PA-93-44

P.T. 34; K.W. 0404009, 0715165

National Institute on Drug Abuse

PURPOSE

The purpose of this program announcement (PA) is to encourage
research on the spread of tuberculosis among drug users.  This PA is
critical to the national effort to control the spread of
tuberculosis, which in recent years has again become a significant
public health problem, due in part to the epidemic of human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV).  Historically, drug users have been at
high risk for tuberculosis, and immunocompromised HIV-infected drug
users are at particularly high risk.  Information regarding factors
influencing transmission and treatment of tuberculosis among drug
users and the impact of co-infection with HIV is lacking.  Results
from research studies specifically focused on tuberculosis in drug
users will aid prevention efforts aimed at drug users.

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000

The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health
promotion and disease prevention objectives of "Healthy People 2000,"
a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas.  This PA, The
Spread of Tuberculosis Among Drug Users, is primarily related to the
priority area of HIV infection, immunization, and infectious
diseases.  Potential applicants may obtain a copy of "Healthy People
2000" (Full Report:  Stock No. 017-001-00474-0 or Summary Report:
Stock No. 017-001- 00473-1) through the Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (telephone
202/783- 3238).

ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

Applications may be submitted by foreign and domestic, for-profit and
non-profit public and private organizations, such as universities,
colleges, hospitals, laboratories, units of State and local
governments, and eligible agencies of the Federal government.
Applications from women and minority investigators are encouraged.
Foreign institutions are not eligible for First Independent Research
Support and Transition (FIRST) awards (R29).

MECHANISM OF SUPPORT

Support mechanisms include:  research projects grants (R01), small
grants (R03), and FIRST awards (R29).

Because the nature and scope of the research proposed in response to
this Program Announcement may vary, it is anticipated that the size
of an award will vary also.  However, it is anticipated that the
average amount of an award under the R01 mechanism will be
approximately $300,000 in direct costs.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

Background Summary

The incidence of tuberculosis has increased over the last several
years, in direct relationship to the surge in the HIV epidemic.
Immunocompromised persons co-infected with HIV are at high risk for
developing tuberculosis.  In contrast to other opportunistic
infections to which HIV-infected persons are susceptible,
tuberculosis can spread to those uninfected with HIV.  Nationally,
current numbers of cases being reported are in excess of expected
trends, and recent projections suggest that the historical gains in
tuberculosis control are being lost.  According to the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, the number of reported cases of
tuberculosis in the United States has increased since 1986, following
many years of steady decline. Between 1985 and 1991, there were
approximately 26,000 reported cases of tuberculosis, an overall
increase of 18.4 percent since 1985.  Urban areas of the United
States such as New York City have shown the most dramatic increases
in tuberculosis incidence since the early 1980s.

Those at high risk of developing tuberculosis include persons with
HIV infection, alcoholics and drug users, close contacts of known
infectious tuberculosis cases, persons with other medical risk
factors that increase the risk of active tuberculosis once infection
has occurred, persons from high prevalence countries, persons who are
medically underserved, and residents of correctional institutions and
other long-term care facilities.  Racial/ethnic groups historically
at high risk for tuberculosis include Blacks and Hispanics, among
whom there were large increases reported in tuberculosis cases
between 1985 and 1991.  Increases in tuberculosis have been reported
in all age groups, including pediatric, with the greatest increase
since 1985 in the 25-44 year age group.

Factors contributing to the spread of tuberculosis include the HIV
epidemic, both in persons with prior tuberculosis infection who are
newly infected with HIV and in persons with prior HIV infection who
are newly infected with tuberculosis; increases in homelessness,
poverty, and substance abuse; deterioration in health care