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- Xref: sparky alt.philosophy.objectivism:957 talk.philosophy.misc:3428
- Newsgroups: alt.philosophy.objectivism,talk.philosophy.misc
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!uwm.edu!ux1.cso.uiuc.edu!news.cso.uiuc.edu!uxa.cso.uiuc.edu!gambit
- From: gambit@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu ()
- Subject: Re: An Ethical Metaquestion, or a meta-Ethical Question.
- References: <C0wGrH.81r@world.std.com> <C0y97M.6G0@ccu.umanitoba.ca>
- Message-ID: <C1E7Fr.ICC@news.cso.uiuc.edu>
- Sender: usenet@news.cso.uiuc.edu (Net Noise owner)
- Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
- Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1993 04:35:51 GMT
- Keywords: Ethics,Decidability
- Lines: 72
-
- In article <C0y97M.6G0@ccu.umanitoba.ca> feld@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Michael Feld) writes:
- >In article <C0wGrH.81r@world.std.com> rjk@world.std.com (robert j kolker) writes:
- >>We know that in the relm of formal systems and computation theory, there
- >>are recursively undecidable (formal) statements and recursively unsoluble
- >>problems.
- >>
- >>Question: Is there a similar situation in the domain of Ethical theory
- >>(objectivist or otherwise). Are there Ethical problems that do not admit
- >>of a solution. Since Ethics is not generally self-referential it may not
- >>be as easy to answer this question as it is in the relm of formal logic
- >
- >I don't know of any genuine paradoxes in ethics; and, of course, many
- >meta-ethicists (none of them Objectivists) deny that there are ANY
- >normative truths in ethics; but two sorts of puzzle come to mind:
- >
- >1) dilemmas; one rule dictates, say, truthfulness, while the other
- >dictates kindness, and it is physically impossible to obey the two
- >simultaneously
- >
- >2) quasi-practical-paradoxes: suppose (for the sake of discussion; to
- >humour me) that utilitarianism is true; and suppose further (as might
- >well be true) that promulgating that doctrine (or adopting it
- >conciously) might result in sub-optimal outcomes ...
-
- I would say that there are no insoluble problems in ethics; there may be
- situations in which there are several alternatives from which one may
- choose, but, in accordance with a rational hierarchy of values, one choice
- will doubtless be the best. If it comes to the point where there are
- two (or more) choices which are equally good, and you must choose one of
- them, then there can be no blame for not choosing the other one. (Because
- ethics must be contextual, I'm omitting any specific examples.)
-
- The two "puzzles" offered above do not apply to Objectivism. The first
- mentions "rules"; Objectivism states that ethics is NOT a set of rules, but
- is derived from rational value-judgements within a certain context. The
- second is only a puzzle is one assumes utilitarianism is true. I think
- it's a nice reductio ad absurdum for utilitarianism. :)
-
- By the way, there was another follow-up to this article by Mikhail Zeleny
- (which I did not follow-up from due to its length and the fact that it
- would take me forever to edit using vi). He offered several paradoxes:
-
- The Protagoras Paradox: I'd say the fault lies in Protagoras' agreement
- to the terms of his instruction; he asked for that one. The problem is
- not with Protagoras, but with his student, who is basically attempting to
- renege on his agreement. The fault, therefore, lies with his student.
-
- Newcomb's Paradox (the one about the two boxes and the Predictor): First off,
- this isn't an ethical problem. Second, it presupposes the existence of
- a "Predictor" who is omniscient. But A is A, a thing is what it is, has a
- specific, delimited identity, and therefore the Predictor cannot exist.
- And thus passes away the paradox. (So you should take both boxes! :) )
-
- The "God Paradox": This one presupposes both the existence of a God and that
- the maxim "God helps those who help themselves" is true. It should be
- obvious by the outcome of Zeleny's discussion that neither assumption is
- true.
-
- As an aside, I am thinking of a taped lecture by Dr. Leonard Peikoff which
- I once heard, in which someone asked him "What is the Objectivist stand
- on symbolic logic?" (I am doing this from memory, but I'm pretty sure I
- got it right.) Peikoff replied: "The same as the Objectivist stand on
- numerology. . .all I can say is that if you want to play a particularly
- foolish game, then do so at home, and don't tell anybody about it. And
- especially don't go around teaching it as philosophy."
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------
-
- Benjamin W. Lagow
- Grad Res Asst, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
-