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- From: jbaez@riesz.mit.edu (John C. Baez)
- Subject: Re: Wavelets & Coherent States ?
- Message-ID: <1993Jan6.230830.6733@galois.mit.edu>
- Sender: news@galois.mit.edu
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- Organization: MIT Department of Mathematics, Cambridge, MA
- References: <qg62r5g@rpi.edu> <1993Jan3.211626.3723@EE.Stanford.EDU>
- Distribution: usa
- Date: Wed, 6 Jan 93 23:08:30 GMT
- Lines: 51
-
- In article <1993Jan3.211626.3723@EE.Stanford.EDU> siegman@EE.Stanford.EDU (Anthony E. Siegman) writes:
- >In article <qg62r5g@rpi.edu> sassoj@aix.rpi.edu (John J. Sasso Jr.) writes:
- >
- >>quantum mechanics. Although I have has a basic course in Q.M., can anyone
- >>explain to me what coherent states are? Do they have anything to do with
- >>phase-space localization?
- >
- > I can't explain them to you in a short note, but they are a
- >basically simple and also very effective way of rephrasing the quantum
- >theory of simple harmonic oscillators. To find out about them do some
- >literature searching under the names of Glauber (Roy Glauber of
- >Harvard University) and possibly Louisell, and perhaps look for some
- >more modern and recent QM theory texts, not necessarily advanced ones
- >-- possibly by Cohen-Tannoudji, or Messiah.
- >
- > I also think you are perceptive in noting a possible connection
- >between wavelets and coherent states. Coherent states provide an
- >"over-complete" basis for the SHO, which means that the expansion of a
- >given arbitrary SHO state in coherent states is not unique (although
- >there are preferred ways to do the expansion), and I suspect the same
- >may be true of wavelets.
-
- Wavelets are a type of orthonormal basis of functions on the real line.
- (Let's keep life simple and not talk about R^n.) They have the
- advantage of being "compactly supported" - each one vanishes outside of
- some bounded interval. This makes wavelets handier than Fourier
- analysis in many contexts. In Fourier analysis, one decomposes a
- function into sines and cosines, which have "perfect pitch" (i.e., are
- delta functions in momentum space) but "last forever" (i.e., are not
- compactly supported in position space.) Wavelets are compactly supported
- in position space hence (by a nice theorem) not compactly supported in
- momentum space - but one can make 'em fairly well localized in momentum
- space.
-
- Coherent states are rather different. They don't form a basis; they are
- "overcomplete". Basically, they are just functions of the following
- form: a Gaussian translated by a certain amount and then multiplied by a
- complex exponential. If we make the Gaussian tall and skinny, we have a
- function that's fairly well localized in position space; if we make it
- short and wide, it's fairly well localized in momentum space. If one is
- looking for a quantum state that approximates a given classical state,
- one is probably looking for a coherent state... they are often used for
- that in quantum optics.
-
- Try:
-
- Klauder, John R.
- Coherent states : applications in physics and mathematical physics
- [papers
- / compiled and introduced by] John R. Klauder, Bo-Sture Skagerstam.
- Singapore : World Scientific, c1985.
-