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- From: yeomans@austin.onu.edu (Charles Yeomans)
- Subject: Re: Frankly,my dear......was: Fermat's Last Theorem
- Sender: usenet@austin.onu.edu (Network News owner)
- Message-ID: <1993Jan12.205827.16058@austin.onu.edu>
- Date: Tue, 12 Jan 1993 20:58:27 GMT
- Distribution: usa
- References: <1993Jan7.021308.10566@nuscc.nus.sg> <1993Jan7.054017.25511@leland.Stanford.EDU> <1ilihlINN6ke@shelley.u.washington.edu> <1993Jan11.180310.11037@galois.mit.edu>
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-
- In article <1993Jan11.180310.11037@galois.mit.edu>, jbaez@riesz.mit.edu (John C. Baez) writes:
- >
- > In article <1ilihlINN6ke@shelley.u.washington.edu> petry@zermelo.math.washington.edu (David Petry) writes:
- > Ilan Vardi writes:
- > >While it is true that no one can explain why Fermat's Last theorem has to
- > >be true, there are very convincing heuristics arguments that it really
- > >ought to be true. Briefly, for a given large exponent p, the set of
- > >numbers which are perfect p'th powers is a very sparse set of numbers,
- > >and the probability that some number from such a set is the sum of two
- > >others from the set is very small.
- > >
- > >> This is a natural phenomenon that should be explained.
- > >
- > >Actually, it's questionable whether it should be called a phenomenon
- > >at all. Usually we think of a "phenomenon" as something that occurs
- > >which is improbable (don't we?). Fermat's Last theorem is far from
- > >being improbable.
- >
- > Of course the notion of "probability" here is even more murky than
- > usual. One is approximating a deterministic system by a stochastic one
- > and hoping that one is not neglecting any important patterns.
- >
- > But I tend to agree with Petry. My friend Bruce Smith has proposed that
- > there should be large classes of conjectures which are "probably true"
- > by simple heuristic arguments, but are not provable.
-
- Here is something which is not what you are asking for, but it has a similar
- flavor.
-
- Let K be a perfect field. We say that K is pseudo-algebraically closed (PAC)
- if every geometrically irreducible variety defined over K has a K-rational
- point.
-
- Let E be an algebraic closure of Q. Let s1,..., sn be automorphisms of E and let
- E(s1,...sn) be the subfield of E fixed by these automorphisms. It is a theorem
- of Moshe Jarden that, if one picks s1,..., sn at random, then the probability
- that E(s1,...sn) is PAC is 1.
-
- But, to the best of my knowledge, there is not a single concrete example
- of such a field known to be PAC. It is known that the fixed field of an
- automorphism of order 2 (the real algebraic numbers, for instance) is not PAC.
-
- Charles Yeomans
-
-