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- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!sun4nl!cwi.nl!aeb
- From: aeb@cwi.nl (Andries Brouwer)
- Newsgroups: sci.lang
- Subject: Re: Proto-languages: what are the rules?
- Message-ID: <8607@charon.cwi.nl>
- Date: 12 Jan 93 21:40:06 GMT
- References: <1k3wmj#3X2tH88WtzQs7tp3yw6svQZq=cowan@snark.thyrsus.com> <1993Jan12.015653.23287@leland.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@cwi.nl
- Lines: 26
-
- : John Cowan writes:
- ::
- ::Something that's always puzzled me: how do historical linguists decide
- ::what form should be the standard reconstructed form?
-
- Several reasonable answers have been given. Rich Alderson says:
-
- :In general, appeals are made to plausibility of development, based on such
- :things as known histories of languages, proposed linguistic universals, etc.
-
- My favourite answer is the one given by Louis Hjelmslev:
- When one compares the various IE languages, one finds certain
- correspondences, e.g.,
- Gothic f : Irish 0 : Latin p : Gr. p : Arm. h : OI p : Tokh. p
- This correspondence gets a name, for instance *p.
- This name is entirely conventional, and does not imply anything
- about the phonetics of a parent language.
- [Not even that it had as many distinct phonemes as we find correspondences.]
-
- Similarly, de Saussure reconstructed a "quasi-sonante" *A without
- trying to define its sound.
-
- This point of view enables one to separate the more-or-less exact
- science called IE comparative linguistics from the more speculative
- theories that try to assign phonetic reality to formulas like *p
- (or semantic reality to reconstructed roots).
-