home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.lang
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!nntp.Stanford.EDU!alderson
- From: alderson@cisco.com (Rich Alderson)
- Subject: Re: Proto-languages: what are the rules?
- In-Reply-To: deb5@ellis.uchicago.edu (Daniel von Brighoff)
- Message-ID: <1993Jan12.015701.23372@leland.Stanford.EDU>
- Originator: alderson@leland.Stanford.EDU
- Sender: news@leland.Stanford.EDU (Mr News)
- Reply-To: alderson@cisco.com (Rich Alderson)
- Organization: Cisco Systems (MIS)
- References: <1k3wmj#3X2tH88WtzQs7tp3yw6svQZq=cowan@snark.thyrsus.com> <1993Jan9.005144.10836@midway.uchicago.edu>
- Date: Tue, 12 Jan 93 01:57:01 GMT
- Lines: 43
-
- In article <1993Jan9.005144.10836@midway.uchicago.edu>, deb5@ellis (Daniel von Brighoff) writes:
-
- >As a linguistics undergrad at the University of Chicago, I learned that the
- >principle balancing out "majority rules" is "phonetic plausibility." Applying
- >this to the Romance example, we notice that although there are several
- >documented cases of the change /k/ -> /s/,/sh/ (e.g. the division of
- >Proto-Indo-European into `centum' and s'atem languages, based on whether
- >inherited */k/ remains /k/ (as in Italic) or palatalises to /sh/ (as in
- >Slavic)), there is no (to my knowledge) example of a regular change in the
- >reverse direction, i.e. /s/ becoming /k/. Thus, we decide on a /k/ to /s/
- >change as being the only plausible explanation. So think of "plausiblity" as
- >being a more general "majority rules" principle which serves to limit the
- >first one.
-
- Talk to Eric Hamp about the Albanian change I mentioned in my followup to this
- query.
-
- >Now, the downside: if this argument seems circular, it's because (as faras
- >this example goes), it is. Many of our guidelines for phonetic plausiblity
- >were developed through work on the Indo-European languages, in large part
- >because it afforded written sources old enough for us to check our hypotheses
- >(and, of course, Europeans were the first to use it extensively). However, if
- >certain phonetic changes common to I-E turn out to be _specific_ to it, we may
- >become guilty of overgeneralisation in our attempts to see them at work in
- >other language families.
-
- With the amount of work that has been done in, for example, the languages of
- the Americas, I think any overgeneralizations would have come to light 50 years
- or more ago. _Pace_ some readers of this newsgroup, linguists *as a group* are
- not so hide-bound as to reject evidence set before them in systematic fashion.
-
- >After all, like most sciences, historical reconstruction is still an inexact
- >one (which is why them *'s come in so darn handy : >).
-
- The inexactitude lies not in the science, but in the historicity, of the
- discipline.
-
- But sometimes I wish that the asterisk was in the home row on my keyboard. :->
- --
- Rich Alderson 'I wish life was not so short,' he thought. 'Languages take
- such a time, and so do all the things one wants to know about.'
- --J. R. R. Tolkien,
- alderson@leland.stanford.edu _The Lost Road_
-