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- Newsgroups: sci.lang
- Subject: Re: labio-velars to labials, but reverse?
- Message-ID: <robrtsnj-090193111107@peirce.byu.edu>
- From: robrtsnj@yvax.byu.edu (John S. Robertson)
- Date: 9 Jan 93 11:16:27 -0700
- Followup-To: sci.lang
- References: <memo.846119@cix.compulink.co.uk> <1993Jan8.002108.20583@leland.Stanford.EDU>
- Distribution: world
- Organization: Brigham Young University
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- Lines: 55
-
- In article <1993Jan8.002108.20583@leland.Stanford.EDU>, alderson@cisco.com
- (Rich Alderson) wrote:
- >
- > In article <memo.846119@cix.compulink.co.uk>, petex@cix (Peter Christian)
- > writes:
- > >In-Reply-To: <1993Jan6.101008.4885@memstvx1.memst.edu>
- > >connolly@memstvx1.memst.edu
- >
- > >>In article <memo.842322@cix.compulink.co.uk>, petex@cix.compulink.co.uk
- > >>(Peter Christian) writes:
- > >>>In-Reply-To: <robrtsnj-311292101210@peirce.byu.edu> robrtsnj@yvax.byu.edu
- > >>>(John S. Robertson)
- >
- > >>>I am right in assuming Latin quinque shows assimilation rather than a
- > >>>genuine p > kw?
- > >>
- > >>It shows a genuine p > kw *by* assimilation!
- > >
- > >Yes, that was a careless formulation of mine, but I took it that the original
- > >message was about regular sound changes rather than unique assimilatory
- > >changes.
- > >
- > >>The interesting thing is that Late Latin undid it by dissimilating the new
- > >>kw to k: Italian _cinque_ [c^ingkwe], French _cinq_ [sae~k] etc. reflect an
- > >>(unattested?) Vulgar Latin *_cinque_ [kingkwe].
- > >
- > >The other interesting thing is that Germanic also had a problem with *penkwe
- > >(or whatever) and assimilated the *other* consonant, i.e. kw > p (the normal
- > >reflex of IE *kw being Gmc. *x). Or pehaps it was after the First Sound Shift
- > >and the assimilation was x > f.
- >
- > There is (may be) more at work in Germanic than assimilations. There are a few
- > lexical items which do not show the expected development *k<w> > *x<w>, but
- > rather *k<w> > *f. Whether *k<w> > **p in some environment prior to Grimm's
- > law, or afterwards *x<w> -> *f, is indeterminate. But besides the evidence of
- > "5," we have other words such as "wolf," Gothic Wulfila "Little Wolf" <
- > *wlk<w>o-.
- >
- > (NB: "4" is suspect as evidence since the numbers influence each other any
- > way, and a simple assimilation in "5" could lead to one in "4" as well.)
- > --
- > Rich Alderson
-
- Just a reminder that x became f rather unpredictably in English, as in
- laugh, rough, tough, trough and others, but not, for example, though,
- through and others. The phenomenon of peripheral consonants going either
- way (labials to velars or vice versa) is well attested. I would note that
- in the English examples, and apparently in the German examples, there seems
- to be a *tendency* for the movement from velar to labial in the context of
- rounding (proximate or distant), and in such contexts there is a tendency
- for elision of w's (as e.g. English who, sword, whore and the like). So...I
- wonder if it's the case of kw going to f, or of kw > xw > x /some context
- of rounding where the shift is only partially and up to this point
- unpredictably realized.
- John Robertson
-