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- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!usc!randvax!cis.rand.org!cave
- From: cave@cis.rand.org (Jonathan Cave)
- Newsgroups: sci.econ
- Subject: Re: Brief Mathematical Analysis of Taxation/Welfare Systems
- Message-ID: <15155@cis.rand.org>
- Date: 4 Jan 93 22:20:35 GMT
- References: <1993Jan3.213507.3283@csi.uottawa.ca>
- Sender: news@cis.rand.org
- Reply-To: cave@cis.rand.org (Jonathan Cave)
- Organization: RAND, Santa Monica CA
- Lines: 38
-
-
- The Canadians did a big NIT experiment in the late 70's. It was called the
- Manitoba Income Maintenance Experiment. It showed nothing like the severe
- disincentive effects you postulate. I don't recall where the results came
- out, but you can check with Prof. Mordecai Kurz, I.M.S.S.S., Stanford
- University -- he was helping with the analysis while I was doing my
- graduate work.
-
- You can fiddle with the rates to avoid the dollar-for-dollar offset.
-
- In any case, there are plenty of economic reasons to go on working even if
- they don't show up in current pay. They range from the trivial (less time
- spent at home => lower living expenses) to the demonstrably important. An
- example of the latter is human capital: work experience does influence
- current pay, even at the low end of the job spectrum. This may be due to
- life-cycle earnings/efficiency wage effects, or simply to the signalling
- effect of being able to hold a job. The fundamental point is that working
- does increase the probability of being above the NIT cutoff at some future
- date.
-
- But I sense from the immediate followup to this post that this may be a
- religious issue rather than an empirical or analytic one.
-
- On the dfisincentive point, it does seem to matter whether unemployment is
- viewed as temporary or permanent, and what kind of unemployment one has to
- deal with. Two minor points:
-
- a) European attitudes seem to treat unemployment as temporary. Maybe this
- is why their much more generous unemployment compensation schemes (viz
- Netherlands) are associated with lower rates of unemployment.
-
- b) Unemployment and labor force participation rates don't tell the whole
- story. A 10% unemployment rate could range from everyone unemployed 10% of
- the time to 10% of the labor force unemployed forever. These are vastly
- different in terms of social impact, rates of income/productivity/human
- capital growth, and responsiveness to fiscal incentives.
-
- All this is pretty familiar to labor economists.
-