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- Path: sparky!uunet!paladin.american.edu!gatech!destroyer!ncar!vexcel!copper!slate!mbarkah
- From: mbarkah@slate.mines.colorado.edu (Ade Barkah)
- Newsgroups: comp.unix.admin
- Subject: Re: Disk quotas
- Message-ID: <1993Jan8.131122.5912@slate.mines.colorado.edu>
- Date: 8 Jan 93 13:11:22 GMT
- Organization: Colorado School of Mines
- Lines: 86
-
- In article <1993Jan7.100012.11101@ugle.unit.no>:
- : The edquota starts VI and then You should write in the quotas.
- :
- : You get a line like this:
- : fs /home blocks ( soft=0, hard=0 ) inodes ( soft=0, hard=0 )
- :
- : What does it mean with soft and hard, - and what relation am I to use
- : between blocks and inodes ?
-
- The 'soft' limit is a `warning' limit. That is, the user may use
- more than the soft limit, but only temporarily. When a user
- violates this soft limit, a timer is started. If the user then
- reduces his/her dataspace within a certain time (usually a week,)
- then nothing happens. If the user still violates the soft limit
- after the week, then any attempt to create more data will fail.
- The user then needs to reduce his/her dataspace below the
- soft limit.
-
- The 'hard' limit is the 'real' limit. At no time can the user
- have more than the hard limit.
-
- For example, I might set up quota for user 'joe' as having a
- soft limit of 5000 blocks, and a hard limit of 8000 blocks.
- If `joe' currently has 4900 blocks, he can create up to 3100
- (up to the hard limit) blocks of dataspace. However, if after
- one week, 'joe' hasn't reduced his dataspace to below 5000,
- any attempt to use more space will fail.
-
- In other words, 'joe' can create more than the soft limit for
- a week, but he can never have more than the hard limit.
-
- Actually, the amount of time a user may violate the soft
- limit can be changed with edquota -t.
-
- As with data blocks, the number of inodes a user can consume
- can also be rationed. Inodes quota also follow the "soft" and
- "hard" limit convention. Systems may run into problems when
- a large number of users have an abnormally large number of
- small files, since each files consume inodes. However, this
- situation is probably rare, and simply using the default
- values might be enough. If you have to set up inode quotas,
- then you need to find out the total number of inodes your
- filesystem can handle, subtract the number of inodes used
- by the system, then divide by the maximum number of users
- you may have. Personally, I don't bother. :)
-
- To use the default values (both for the soft and hard, block
- and inode quotas) simply use '0' as limit (eg. soft=0.)
- Consult your documentation to find out what are the default
- values. On my svr4 system it is defined in the /usr/include/
- sys/fs/ufs_quota.h or something similar.
-
- It might be easier to make one 'template' user, say, your
- own account, with the appropriate quotas. Then you can
- `copy' or `pass-on' these quotas to other users using
- the -p option, which duplicates the quota for the `template'
- (proto) user to another user.
-
- For example, use `edquota -t' to set the soft-limit time
- expiration. Then use `edquota my_login' to change your
- own quota. Then use 'edquota -p my_login user_login'
- to change user_login's quota to match yours.
-
- I put `edquota -p my_login new_login' in a program which
- accepts new accounts. That way, all new accounts gets
- the quota. To set up quotas for existing accounts, run
- `edquota -p' in a shell script.
-
- Before turning on quota on a filesystem, it is advisable
- to run `quotacheck.' quotacheck updates the quota file
- to reflect the current disk space. Also double check
- your documentation, since your version of Unix may work
- slightly differently, and more importantly, I may have
- forgotten something.... <smile>
-
- Finally, since soft-limit violation are not automatically
- announced to users, you may want to encourage them to
- put the `quota -v' command (the -v checks all filesystems
- with quotas) in their startup file (.login/.profile.)
-
- Regards,
-
- -Ade
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