home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: comp.os.linux
- Path: sparky!uunet!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!usc!rpi!batcomputer!cornell!uw-beaver!cs.ubc.ca!news.UVic.CA!sanjuan!pmacdona
- From: pmacdona@sanjuan (Peter MacDonald)
- Subject: SLS update: 'a' - 'c'
- Message-ID: <1993Jan12.053627.2290@sol.UVic.CA>
- Sender: news@sol.UVic.CA
- Nntp-Posting-Host: sanjuan.uvic.ca
- Organization: University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, CANADA
- Date: Tue, 12 Jan 93 05:36:27 GMT
- Lines: 261
-
-
- The new release of SLS is now available. It contains a massive
- upgrade to series 'a', 'b', and 'c'. The compiler and libs
- have been updated, and more stuff added. There are many
- improvements, but see RELEASE for details.
-
- 'x' will not be upgraded until 1.2 arrives (hopefully
- with jump tables).
-
- Peter
- pmacdona@sanjuan.uvic.ca
- ------------------------------------------------------
-
- SLS (SOFTLANDING LINUX SYSTEM)
-
- INTRODUCTION
-
- Welcome to release .99p2 of SLS (SoftLanding Linux System). Linux is a
- free 386 unix like operating system similar to System V, and developed
- by Linus Torvalds, plus a few hundred big hearted programmers on the
- Internet. SLS is NOT just an image dump of some ones Unix system.
- Instead it is a distribution whose primary purposes are:
-
- 0) provide an initial installation program (for the queasy).
- 1) utilities compiled to use minimal disk space.
- 2) provide a reasonably complete/integrated U*ix system.
- 3) provide a means to install and uninstall packages.
- 4) permit partial installations for small disk configs.
- 5) add a menu driven, extensible system administration.
- 6) take the hassle out of collecting and setting up a system.
- 7) give non internet users access to Linux.
- 8) provide a distribution that can be easily updated.
-
- SLS contains 400-500 utilities designed to provide a relatively
- complete computer operating system for the sophisticated user. It
- includes programs for compression, text processing, communications,
- Xwindowing system, program development (Assembler, C, C++, Fortran,
- Pascal, Lisp, and Perl), mail, spreadsheets, and word-processing. Also
- supported are DOS files, a DOS emulator, SCSI, CDROMs, and TCP/IP. A
- 387 coprocessor is emulated by the kernel if you don't have one. Full
- source code for the kernel is also provided with SLS.
-
- The development environment includes libraries for unix and Xwindows, a
- debugger that does full screen (via emacs) with support for core dumps.
- Shared libraries make the most miserly use of RAM and disk space. FAQ and
- Manual pages document most of the Linux utilities. SLS requires at least
- 9 Meg of disk for the minimal install. 50 Meg or more is required for the
- full system (not including TeX or Interviews). You will need at least 2
- Meg of RAM, 4 meg if you want to compile programs, and 8 Meg to run
- Xwindows. Note that sometimes you can get by with less, but usually with
- noticeable performance limitations.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- INSTALLATION
-
- Before you can install Linux on your hard drive, you must partition your
- drive, and put a file system on it. Roughly, this entails:
-
- - Write protect all disks (do or die).
- - Boot Linux from disk a1, mounting the root disk (disk a2).
- - Create a Linux/Minix partition with "fdisk" on your hard drive and reboot.
- - Make a file system on the partition with "mkfs" (or "mkefs", see below).
- - Use "doinstall /dev/PART": PART is your partition (eg "doinstall /dev/hda2"
- or "doinstall /dev/hda2 /dev/hda3 /usr /dev/hdb1 /usr/spool" if you wish to
- have multiple partitions, with say /usr on a different partition.
-
- Also "doinstall" will execute the script "doinst.sh" if it is found on PART.
- The final step will ask you to put a formatted floppy in the drive so the
- BOOT DISK can be prepared for you. Have one ready ahead of time. When the
- installation is complete, and you reboot from this floppy, you will be using
- Linux from your hard drive. Later, you may wish to play with /usr/src/lilo
- to boot from your harddrive. Note that if you have less than 4 Meg of RAM,
- you will need to make and activate a 4 Meg swap partition, prior to installation.
- For example, using /dev/hda3 for swap: "mkswap /dev/hda3 4096; swapon /dev/hda3"
- Before you begin, however, you may wish to type "menu" and browse the
- Instructions sub menu. But make sure you exit "menu" before you start the
- install process. You can also print files from there using "P", or you can
- use "cat README > /dev/lp1" or "cat README > /dev/lp2".
-
- Your first task after the base install is done, should be to make backup
- copies of all of your disks (Look in the "User Commands" menu). In fact,
- you should make sure all disks are write protected before you start the
- installation. After the install, you can log on as "root". Later, you may
- install interviews with: "sysinstall -series i" Note, although you can use
- the Extended FS type, it is not recommended (read as not tested), and is
- subject to change.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- EXAMPLE PARTITIONING PROCEDURE
-
- ... Put disk a1 in drive A: and reboot computer, then put disk a2 in the
- ... floppy drive you will be doing the install from (usually A: as well).
-
- /# fdisk
-
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- p
- Partition number (1-4): 2
- First cylinder (500-977): 500
- Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (500-977): 977
-
- Command (m for help): t
- Partition number (1-4): 1
- Hex code (type L to list codes): 81
-
- Command (m for help): v
- Command (m for help): p
-
- Disk /dev/hda: 5 heads, 17 sectors, 977 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 85 * 512 bytes
-
- Device Boot Begin Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/hda1 1 1 499 20000 4 DOS
- /dev/hda2 1 1 7 30000 81 Linux/MINIX
-
- Command (m for help): w
- reboot now before doing anything else
- /#
- ...<after the reboot>
- /# mkfs /dev/hda2 30000
- /# doinstall /dev/hda2
- ... Follow prompts, and insert disks as requested, then login as root.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ADDITIONAL SLS INFORMATION
-
- A menu interface allows the user to see what commands would be executed if
- an option was selected. Unix newbies who use SLS don't have to always stay
- newbies. SLS is a binary mostly distribution (except for the kernel), and is
- broken into multiple parts, or series, each of which is denoted by a letter
- followed by the disk number as follows:
-
- a1-aN: The minimal base system
- b1-bN: Base system extras, like man pages, emacs etc.
- c1-cN: The compiler(s), gcc/g++/p2c/f2c
- x1-xN: The X-windows distribution
- t1-tN: TeX (document processing)
-
- This scheme allows new disks to be added to the distribution without
- changing the disk numbering. Also, the sysinstall program doesn't have to
- be changed when new disks are added as the last disk is marked by the
- presence of the file "install.end". And when interviews is added, say as
- a new series "i", it can be installed with:
-
- sysinstall -series i
-
- Highlights of the base are: gcc/g++, emacs, kermit, elm/mail/uucp, gdb, sc
- (spreadsheet), man pages, groff, elvis, zip/zoo/lh and menu. Highlights of
- X are: X, programmers libs, 75 dpi fonts, games (spider, tetris, xvier,
- chess, othello, xeyes, etc) and utilities like xmag, xmenu, xcolormap and
- ghostscript. Approximate usage is as follows:
-
- Tiny base system: 9 Meg (Series 'a')
- Main base system: 25 Meg (Series 'a', 'b' and 'c')
- Main base system + X11: 45 Meg (Series 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'x')
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- LINUX SPECIFIC INFORMATION
-
- Linux supports multiple VC's (virtual consoles). You can switch from one
- to the other using the "LEFT-ALT-FN" keys. The right ALT key will not work.
- The console in linux more or less emulates a VT100. So you can usually
- just use kermit to do your remote logins (even while doing the install :-).
- If you have a color monitor, you can even use color using the "setterm"
- utility, or just execute the "/etc/startcons" script to have all VC's set
- to default values. If your screen gets garbled, you can use "reset".
- Up arrow recalls previous commands. Use the "man" command to read the
- Linux manual pages, and the "man -k X" to list commands with the keyword
- "X" in the command description. The system editor is "vi" but you might
- find "joe" easier to learn.
-
- Never just power off your Linux system. Instead type "sync", wait a sec,
- then powerdown or reboot. If your disk gets in trouble (or every
- couple of weeks anyways) you may wish to run "fsck -av PART" where PART
- is your partition, to try to fix any problems.
-
- Dos files can be accessed in one of two ways. The first uses the mtools
- commands (mdir, mcopy, mtype, ...). The file "/etc/mtools" may need
- some tweeking, especially if you use mformat. The second method is to
- mount the dos disk/partition onto a directory. eg:
-
- mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /user
-
- Swapping can be set up of size SIZE, to a partition or to a file using:
-
- mkswap file SIZE
- swapon file
-
- Linux can be booted without the floppy using /usr/src/lilo. Important
- directories include:
-
- "/etc" - System configuration information
- "/usr/src" - Miscellaneous packages.
- "/usr/X386/*" - Xwindows stuff
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- CONFIGURING X-WINDOWS
-
- Getting X-windows to run on your PC can sometimes be a bit of a sobering
- experience, mostly because there are so many types of video cards for the PC.
- Linux X11 supports only VGA type video cards, but there are so many types of
- VGA's that only certain ones are fully supported. SLS comes with two Xwindows
- servers. The full color one, X386, supports some or all ET300, ET400, PVGA1,
- GVGA, Trident, and ATI plus. Others may or may not work.
-
- The other server, X386mono, should work with virtually any VGA card, but only
- in monochrome mode. Accordingly, it also uses less memory, and should be
- faster than the color one. But of course it doesn't look as nice.
-
- The bulk of the Xwindows configuration information is stored in the directory
- "/usr/X386/lib/X11/". In particular, the file "Xconfig" defines the timings
- for the monitor and the video card. Setting up the monochrome server is pretty
- straightforward.
-
- cd /usr/X386/bin/
- mv -i X386 X386color # don't overwrite old one
- mv X386mono X386
- cd /usr/X386/lib/X11/
- mv -i Xconfig Xconfig.color # don't overwrite old one
- mv Xconfig.mono Xconfig
-
- Now you just have to edit Xconfig to set the mouse device and type "startx".
- Setting up the color server is similar, except that usually, you need to
- figure out the clock timings to put in Xconfig. README.modegen explains
- how you can use the spreadsheet to figure out your clock timings based upon
- your monitor specifications. More information can be found in the directory
- /usr/X386/lib/X11. But be prepared to fiddle.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- AVAILABILITY
-
- SLS is available from the address below for a $3.25/disk US ($4.00/disk
- Canadian) copying charge. Add $1.00/disk for 3 1/2" disks, and $15.00 for
- shipping and handling. Mail payment, either cheque or money order,
- in advance, to Softlanding. Visa and Mastercard are now also accepted,
- albeit with a 4% surcharge. Because people keep asking about prices,
- Softlanding has provided this commonly ordered configurations price sheet:
-
- NAME #DISKS SERIES 5 1/4 DISKS 3 1/2 DISKS
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- TINY 4 a US $28.00 (CDN $31.00) US $32.00 (CDN $35.00)
- BASE 17 a,b,c US $70.25 (CDN $87.00) US $87.25 (CDN $105.00)
- MAIN 25 a,b,c,x US $100.25 (CDN $115.00) US $121.25 (CDN $140.00)
- FULL 30 a,b,c,x,t US $112.50 (CDN $135.00) US $142.50 (CDN $165.00)
-
- When ordering, ensure that you specify the bootdisk type (3 1/2 or 5 1/4).
- Softlanding is also now offering support subscriptions for SLS.
- Individual support, (one user, one machine) is US $100.00 per year.
- Group support, primarily for resellers and corporate sites is
- US $1000.00 per year.
-
- Softlanding Software
- 910 Lodge Ave.
- Victoria, B.C., Canada
- V8X-3A8
- (604) 360-0188
-
- See Softlanding for a gentle touch down from a DOS bailout.
-