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- Path: sparky!uunet!ogicse!mimbres.cs.unm.edu!constellation!a.cs.okstate.edu!jmccorm
- From: jmccorm@a.cs.okstate.edu (MCCORMICK JOSHUA C)
- Newsgroups: comp.dcom.modems
- Subject: RE: Zmodem and RTS/CTS handshaking
- Message-ID: <1993Jan6.202035.1397@a.cs.okstate.edu>
- Date: 6 Jan 93 20:20:35 GMT
- Article-I.D.: a.1993Jan6.202035.1397
- Organization: Oklahoma State University, Computer Science, Stillwater
- Lines: 57
-
- Newsgroups: comp,.dcom.modems
- Subject: RE: RTS/CTS handshaking reply
- Organization: Oklahoma State University, Computer Science, Stillwater
-
- I was sent some email concerning RTS/CTS handshaking an a problem with
- ZMODEM by RJS. I was unable to determine the return address, so here is
- your reply:
-
- > I have a follow-on question for you: if the problem is RTS/CTS,
- > why does it only show up when using zmodem protocol and not x- or
- > ymodem?
-
- Zmodem is what's called a streaming protocol. That is, it just sends and
- sends data, without stopping, unless the other end tells it there is a
- problem. In the case of Ymodem or Xmodem, they send a predetermined block
- size (usually 1k for Ymodem, 256 bytes for Xmodem). Since Ymodem and Xmodem
- sends a block size that is under your modem's buffer size, then stops and
- waits for an acknowledgement before sending another block, your buffer isn't
- overflowed. But Zmodem will send and send data. Your modem realizes that
- your buffer is going to be overflowed and screams to your computer "Stop!
- Stop!" with the handshaking lines. But if your modem or your terminal
- software is not correctly set up, Zmodem will never get the message and
- it'll keep on sending data, trashing what's in your modem's buffer in the
- process. Your terminal software will claim to be getting phenominal CPS
- rates, but you'll notice that it's getting nowhere fast.
-
- > And why do you reecommend XON/XOFF be disabled?
-
- The XON/XOFF handshaking protocol expects ^Q and ^S to be inserted into
- the data stream in order to tell the modem (or your terminal) when to
- stop sending data. Imagine doing a Zmodem upload and suddenly you start
- receiving ^S's in the middle of a transfer. You'll be in the exact same
- boat you are now, since your terminal won't understand the significance
- of what it is receiving, and it'll fool the protocol into thinking there
- are addition errors. Likewise, if there is a ^S in the data you are
- sending (which is common in non-text files), then your modem will stop
- sending data at random during a file transfer. Nasty stuff. XON/XOFF
- handshaking protocol is not commonly used in the PC world.
-
- > Last question: how is a modem set up to send the proper
- > handshaking signals? AT command in the init string, or set a value
- > in one of the S-registers?
-
- It varies from modem to modem. In my Practical Peripherals PM1440FXSA, which
- is 99.5% compatible with the Hayes _high speed command set_ (which is not
- standardized throughout the industry like the normal command set), I believe I
- have AT&D set to 2... [AT&D2 command]. But, this will vary from modem to
- modem.
-
- If you fix your handshaking protocol, you shouldn't have any problem with
- Zmodem uploads, and a few other minor problems which can pop up from time
- to time.
-
-
-
-
- j
-