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- From: winalski@adserv.enet.dec.com (Paul S. Winalski)
- Subject: Re: Left-handed sugar
- Message-ID: <1992Dec27.212634.25439@nntpd2.cxo.dec.com>
- Keywords: Chemists Please. . .
- Lines: 48
- Sender: usenet@nntpd2.cxo.dec.com (USENET News System)
- Reply-To: winalski@adserv.enet.dec.com (Paul S. Winalski)
- Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation, Nashua NH
- References: <72321@cup.portal.com> <1992Dec25.224457.17424@siemens.com> <72463@cup.portal.com> <1992Dec27.125851.17259@lclark.edu>
- Date: Sun, 27 Dec 1992 21:26:34 GMT
-
-
- In article <1992Dec27.125851.17259@lclark.edu>,
- degraw@lclark.edu (David Degraw) writes:
- |>
- |>By L-sugar, I suppose you mean the levorotatory variety of an enantiomer.
- |>Common table sugar is sucrose, an enatiomeric molecule. The stuff
- |>we eat is a racemic (50%-50%) mixure of R and L sucrose.
-
- Common table sugar is in fact entirely alpha-D-glucose linked by a 1-6
- ether bridge in alpha configuration to alpha-D-fructose. It is NOT a racemic
- mixture. Enzymes are extremely picky about which enantiomer of a molecule they
- will accept, and the plants that are sources for table sugar only synthesize
- the alpha-D-glucose-(1->6)-D-fructose enantiomer.
-
- |> It may be
- |>possible to isolate L-sucrose by using a *certain* microorganism which
- |>can metabolize only R-sucrose. A technique I read about to isolate
- |>alpha-L-glucose used a microorganism (I don't have the refernce for which
- |>kind) which selectively metabolized alpha-R-glucose.
-
- That would have to be a bacterium lacking the enzyme that performs general
- alpha-linkage cleavage of disaccharides, but posessing the enzyme that
- specifically cleaves alpha-D-glucose-(1->6)-D-fructose (aka D-sucrose).
-
- |>I cannot tell you which enantiomer of sucrose actually reacts with human
- |>taste receptors.
-
- I think they both do.
-
- |>Both R and L sucrose should be digestible since only a fraction of human
- |>digestion is carried out by bacteria. Most of the digestion of
- |>sucrose occurs in the small intestine where it is lysed by sucrase into
- |>glucose and fructose.
-
- There are bunch of other disaccharide lyases, some of which are stereospecific
- for particular simple sugar isomers (e.g., lactase), and some of which are not.
- The more general-purpose ones act much more slowly than the specific enzymes.
- All of them demand the alpha enantiomeric form of the glycosidic linkage.
-
- |> Glucose and fructose are then transported to the
- |>liver for storage via the intestinal capillaries. Although most of the
- |>bacteria live in the small intestine, they seem to play a small role in
- |>sucrose digestion
- |>
- Although they play a big role in lactose indigestion, and anybody with lactose
- intolerance (lack of the enzyme lactase) can attest.
-
- --PSW
-