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- Path: sparky!uunet!bcstec!bronte!hsvaic!eder
- From: eder@hsvaic.boeing.com (Dani Eder)
- Newsgroups: misc.invest.real-estate
- Subject: Re: multi-family housing as investment
- Message-ID: <1835@hsvaic.boeing.com>
- Date: 23 Dec 92 15:14:43 GMT
- References: <2934045558.0.wk01687@worldlink.com>
- Distribution: na
- Organization: Boeing AI Center, Huntsville, AL
- Lines: 123
-
- wk01687@worldlink.com (Jamet) writes:
-
- >I am looking for some information on investing in multi-family housing.
-
- >This is probably real basic stuff and I apologize if this is in a FAQ.
- >My questions are:
-
- > What is a reasonable amount to pay for a rental building?
- > (I have heard phrases such as 3.5 times rent roll...)
- > I imagine this is contingent on location and condintion of building...
- >
- > What kind of return is reasonable on this kind of investment?
- > (None of the no money down type hype please.)
-
- >Recommendations for resource material on this subject would be greatly
- >appreciated. Post or e-mail is fine.
-
- The rule of thumb for single or multi-family dwellings is the same,
- only your expenses are different. What you want to look for is the
- return on the price of the building after all expenses except the
- mortgage payment. Expressed as a percentage, the rate should be
- in the 7-8% range for a reasonable investment. More than this
- is good, less is not a very good deal. This is a range based on
- my experience. It may vary regionally, so you need to determine
- what the typical value is for your area.
-
- Here are some things to calculate:
-
- - Theoretical rent = sum of annual rents for all units if all are
- rented.
-
- - Any incidental income, such as a vending machine or coin-operatd
- washer & dryer.
-
- - All expenses
-
- -- Vacancy & credit loss : assume that you will experience vacancies
- at the local average vacancy rate. Add 1-2% of rent lost to bad
- checks, etc.
- -- Maintenance : The most exact way is to figure the service life of
- the roof, water heater, carpet, curtains, light bulbs, appliances,
- paint, etc., and allow an annual amount to cover replacement of these
- items. A rough guide is to allow 3% of the annual rent for
- maintenance.
- -- Operating Expenses: Landscape services (shrub trimming, mowing),
- Electric, Water, Sewer, Garbage Collection you pay for.
- -- Taxes & Insurance.
-
- - Subtract expenses from maximum income, and you will have the net
- operating income of the property. This should be 7-8% of the price
- per year.
-
- - It is very important to independantly verify as much of the income
- and expenses as possible. The seller and RE agent are motivated to
- show as much of an operating income as possible, to get a higher
- selling price. You want to talk them down by showing what a real
- budget would be. Copies of the sellers tax return schedule for the
- property are good, because there the seller is motivated to show all
- expenses, so as to minimize taxes. Copies of the current leases are
- good to verify rent. You can check property taxes by calling the
- tax assessors office, and estimate insurance by calling an
- insurance agent.
-
- Your return on a real estate investment consists of 4 parts: equity
- build-up, price increase, cash flow, and tax deductions.
-
- Normally you buy a rental property partly with a bank mortgage.
- Let us take an example case of a property costing $100,000,
- with a $75,000 mortgage at 8%. Net operating income is
- $7,000 before mortgage payments. Your monthly payment will be
- $550.32, of which $500.00 is interest the first month.
-
- Thus your equity build-up will be $50.32 per month, or $604 per
- year, rising gradually as the mortgage is paid down. Your operating
- inccome exceeds your morgage payment by $396 per year. This is
- cash flow. Since 1935, inflation has averaged 4.7% per year.
- Assuming this, you get a $4,700 price increase the first year.
- (You may alternatively insert the current inflation rate). Finally,
- you get a tax break for owning property. Assume that the land
- value is $25,000, and the structure is worth $75,000. The
- government lets you deduct 1/29 of the structure value per year
- from your income. This comes to $2,586. You will save your
- tax rate times this amount in income taxes. If you are in the
- 28% bracket, this is $724 in federal taxes. You will someday
- pay a capital gains tax if you sell, so you are deferring the
- tax, not avoiding it. I count half of the tax reduction as a
- gain, since I can invest the saved taxes until the sale of
- the property. Summing up we have:
-
- Equity Build-Up 604
- Cash Flow 396
- Price Increase 4,700
- Tax deduction 362
-
- Total return 6,062
-
- This is overstating the return if you sell the property and use
- a real-estate agent. Assume you sell after 8 years. The accumulated
- returns are as follows:
-
- (1) Your mortgage balance will have fallen to $68,263. You
- accumulated $6737 in equity this way.
-
- (2) Assuming rents rose with inflation, your operating income
- averages $8411 over the 8 years, which is a net of $14,463
- over the 8 years.
-
- (3) The value of the property increases to $144,402, which nets
- $32,850 in profit after selling commission
-
- (4) You deducted $20,690 over the years, but pay a capital gain
- tax of $14,991 at the end.
-
- Your net profit is $39,059 over 8 years on an initial investment
- of $25,000. This represents an un-compounded return of 19.5%
- per year. The crude compound rate of return is 12.5%.
-
- Dani Eder
-
-
- --
- Dani Eder/Meridian Investment Company/(205)464-2697(w)/232-7467(h)/
- Rt.1, Box 188-2, Athens AL 35611/Location: 34deg 37' N 86deg 43' W +100m alt.
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