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- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Path: sparky!uunet!spool.mu.edu!umn.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!nagle
- From: nagle@netcom.com (John Nagle)
- Subject: Re: Secure voice telephony: technical questions
- Message-ID: <1992Dec19.193555.16759@netcom.com>
- Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
- References: <1992Dec18.201341.1@novax.llnl.gov>
- Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 19:35:55 GMT
- Lines: 50
-
- urbina@novax.llnl.gov writes:
- >1.) My design right now incorporates a 14 bit serial output ADC. I sample the
- >speech at 7khz which is double the bandwidth of telcom speech. The output from
- >the ADC is XOR'ed with a 31 stage linear feedback shift register that generates
- >several hours of pseudorandom "noise" before it repeats itself. (It's clocked
- >at 7khz to give me that long turn-around time.) This encrypted data stream gets
- >sent over the telco line (in theory) and the receiving party whose PN generator
- >is synced with mine, decodes the encrypted data stream and the remaining voice
- >bits are routed to his/her DAC. My question is 7khz too fast for telcom ?
- >I've heard of speeds of 9600 baud with modems. Appreciate any help with this.
-
- 7kHz times 14 bits = 98,000 bits/second. This is well beyond
- existing modem technology. The usual telephone standard is 8 bits, and the
- D/A isn't linear, it has a psuedo-logarithmic response curve to improve
- the dynamic range. There are standard IC for this, called "codecs".
-
- This still gets you 56Kb, which, in fact, is the rate used in the
- digital portions of the telephone system. But you can't push that through
- a modem without some compression. Most modern cryptosystems compress the
- audio down to 9600 or 4800 baud, using linear predictive compression (LPC).
- There are ICs for this, too. Of course, an encrypted ISDN phone would
- be much easier; no compression required. That would be a nice
- project.
-
- Then you need to encrypt. A 31-bit recirculating shift register
- is a very weak encryption algorithm. Ask in sci.crypt for a better one.
-
- You might be able to do the whole job in a DSP chip, including the
- modem. That might be the lowest-cost solution; DSP chips are getting cheaper.
-
- >2.) The quick and dirty way I've synced the pseudonoise generators of the
- >calling and receiving parties is that I've 2 LM567 tone decoders that monitor
- >the telco line for say...the digit 7 (852hz + 1209hz.) When it detects that..
-
- Using a tone decoder to indicate you want to turn the system on
- is fine, but you probably won't get precise enough timing from them to
- sync to the 100uS required at even 9600 baud. Better to send some sync
- pattern in the digital data stream and sync up on that.
-
- AT&T is now selling a real encrypted phone for around $1300,
- based on the STU-III technology. The problem still seems to requires enough
- parts to keep the cost high.
-
- If you're more of an analog person, you might look into Turing's
- original analog voice cryptosystem, described in "Turing - the Enigma".
- 1940s technology, but considered sound by Turing, who furfils the
- criterion set down by Friedman: "No new cryptosystem is worth looking at
- unless it was invented by someone who has already broken a very hard one."
-
- John Nagle
-