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- Path: sparky!uunet!rosie!monolith.next.com
- From: rwerner@monolith.next.com (Ross Werner)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.next.hardware
- Subject: Re: NeXT Dimension board
- Message-ID: <6053@rosie.NeXT.COM>
- Date: 15 Dec 92 19:21:54 GMT
- References: <1992Dec8.151752.16753@MITL.COM>
- Sender: news@NeXT.COM
- Reply-To: Ross_Werner@next.com
- Lines: 70
-
-
- In comp.sys.next.hardware article <1992Dec8.151752.16753@MITL.COM> you wrote:
- > Does anyone have any specifications on the NeXT Dimension board? I am looking
- > for anything and everything I can find about the hardware.
- >
- > For instance, the NTSC standard allows differing scan line lengths and in
- > fact, different cameras have different resolution. They are, however,
- > less than 640 pixels across. So how is the lower resolutions mapped to the
- > 640x480 window?
- >
- Actually, the NTSC standard (RS-170a) is very precise at 63.556 uSec per line.
- How many pixels there are on one line (in other words, the camera or monitor
- resolution) is variable. The quantized image (spatially and temporally) from
- a camera CCD array is converted to an analog signal according to the NTSC
- specification, which further complicates things by the fact that the chroma
- (color) information is at 1/2 the bandwidth of the luma (black/white)
- information, and is then phase modulated onto a sub-carrier frequency. The
- analog NTSC signal gets converted to digital and decoded - hardly an ideal
- situation, and of course there will be sampling errors. But NTSC is what we
- are stuck with, at least until HDTV becomes real.
-
- The 640 x 480 resolution commonly used in digital video systems derives from
- the fact that the NTSC standard specifies a 4:3 aspect ratio, with 525 lines
- per field. 40 of these lines are in the vertical blanking interval, leaving
- 485 technically visible. Since all television monitors overscan, all the sides
- get clipped by the edges of the screen. This makes it so you don't see the top
- and bottom few lines of each field, and the left and right few pixels of each
- line. (Computer monitors do not overscan, that's why you see that black border
- between the physical edge of the display and the image displayed.) So 640 x
- 480 was chosen since it contains the entire area typically displayed, gives a
- 4:3 aspect ratio, and is integer multiples of 32, which makes both HW and SW
- types happy.
-
- > Also, it appears that the actual video window is somewhat less than 640,
- > somewhere in the neighborhood of 625.
- >
- The video window produced by the hardware is 640 pixels wide. It is a
- "feature" of the Philips video chip set used on the ND board that some of the
- pixels at the beginning and end of each video line are black. (This has been
- discussed on the net before. ) The NXLiveVideoView will give you a 640 x 480
- window, the NeXTtv demo app clips this, mimicking the overscan of a television
- monitor.
-
- > Apparently, we received no documentation on the hardware -- only software.
-
- What hardware details do you need? NeXT does not publish detailed HW
- documentation, no workstation manufacturer does. If you have specific
- questions, email and I can help you.
-
- For details on video, I recommend these references:
-
- - Television Engineering Handbook, K. Benson ed., McGraw-Hill. About $100,
- worth it if you are seriously into video. Everything you ever wanted to
- know about TV, cameras, monitors, VCRs, color perception, signal standards,
- transmitters, antennas, cable and satellite systems, etc. More data than
- you could absorb in a lifetime.
-
- - Desktop Video Data Handbook, 1992, Philips Semiconductors. Data sheets on
- all the Philips video chips, also a good discussion of color decoding and
- the CCIR 601 spec. Call (800) 227-1817, ext. 900 to find out how to contact
- your local rep.
-
- - Television Measurements - NTSC Systems, Tektronix Television Division. How
- to use Tekronix equipment for NTSC signal and transmission measurements.
- Also contains the RS-170a spec. Call (503) 627 - 1843 for more
- information.
-
- Ross Werner
- NeXTdimension Hardware Architect
- Manager, Visual Media Design
-