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- Path: sparky!uunet!crdgw1!rdsunx.crd.ge.com!ariel!davidsen
- From: davidsen@ariel.crd.GE.COM (william E Davidsen)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.intel
- Subject: Re: Any new instructions in a i486?
- Message-ID: <1992Dec14.184926.2967@crd.ge.com>
- Date: 14 Dec 92 18:49:26 GMT
- References: <1992Dec11.201306.18470@udel.edu> <WAYNE.92Dec11164422@backbone.uucp>
- Sender: usenet@crd.ge.com (Required for NNTP)
- Reply-To: davidsen@crd.ge.com (bill davidsen)
- Organization: GE Corporate R&D Center, Schenectady NY
- Lines: 63
- Nntp-Posting-Host: ariel.crd.ge.com
-
- In article <WAYNE.92Dec11164422@backbone.uucp>, wayne@backbone.uucp (Wayne Schlitt) writes:
-
- I certainly appreciate the posting of the 486 information, I have one
- clarifiecation to make below.
-
-
- | Anyway, quoting from my 1990 i486(tm) Microprocessor Programmer's
- | Reference Manual from Intel, chapter 21.3:
- |
- | --- start of quote ---
- |
- | 21.3 DIFFERENCES FROM THE 386(tm) CPU
- |
- | Very few differences exist between the programming models of the 386
- | DX or SX and i486 processors. The i486 processor defines new bits in
- | the EFLAGS, CR0, and CR3 registers, and in entries in the first- and
- | second-level page tables. On the 386 processors, these bits were
- | reserved, so the new architectural features should not be a
- | compatibility issue.
-
-
- | 21.3.3 New Instructions
- |
- | There are three new application instructions:
- |
- | * The BSWAP instruction
- |
- | * The XADD instruction
- |
- | * The CMPXCHG instruction
-
-
- | That's the entire section on the differences. You have to go look at
- | other parts of the manual to find out what the details are, but
- | basically they come down to this:
- |
- |
- | The BSWAP instruction is useful for change the byte orders to/from little
- | endian <==> big endian.
- |
- |
- | The XADD and CMPXCHG instructions are useful for implementing
- | semaphores in multi-processor systems. Not something a normal
- | application would have much use for.
-
- Well, I guess I have a little problem with that... both UNIX and
- Windows support shared memory and allow it to be used for IPC. Having
- solved some access order problems in UNIX with semiphores, I could
- appreciate a lower overhead way to do this, and I suspect that windows
- programmers could alos use a better solution to this problem.
-
- This is in user space, although I will not argue that applications at
- this level of complexity are "normal" (or at least they're not typical).
-
-
- | all and all, there are _very_ few real differences between the 386 and
- | the 486.
- |
- | -wayne
-
- --
- bill davidsen, GE Corp. R&D Center; Box 8; Schenectady NY 12345
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