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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!morrow.stanford.edu!pangea.Stanford.EDU!williams
- From: williams@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Tom Williams)
- Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
- Subject: Re: rising sea level & continetal drift
- Date: 16 Nov 1992 18:28:46 GMT
- Organization: Stanford Univ. Earth Sciences
- Lines: 72
- Message-ID: <1e8p8uINNbg5@morrow.stanford.edu>
- References: <97619@netnews.upenn.edu> <1e734kINN5vh@crcnis1.unl.edu>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: pangea.stanford.edu
-
- In article <1e734kINN5vh@crcnis1.unl.edu> price@helios.unl.edu (Chad Price) writes:
- >jmartin@eniac.seas.upenn.edu (Jason J Martin) writes:
- >
- >>I have a question about the rising sea level......I'm told that the sea level
- >>has risen quite a bit in the past few hundred years. Could this rise in sea
- >>level have to do with the moving continents? Could the total amout of ocean
- >>floor be decreasing? Something like that would cause a rise in sea level.
- >
- >Anything on the scale of a few hundred years is far too fast for plate
- >tectonics to have any effect.
-
- Agreed.
-
- >Global sea level changes seem to be almost
- >entirely the result of the presence/absence/changing volume of the glaciers,
- >and in particular the continental scale glaciers such as Greenland and
- >Antarctica.
-
- Whoa, whoa. Jason was actually onto something with his original post.
- High-frequency sea level changes such as we might need to be concerned
- with on a human time scale are almost entirely due to changing volumes
- of landlocked ice. (Ice on water has little effect since it displaces
- it's a volume of water equal to that which it locked up in ice.)
-
- However, Jason's intuition is somewhat correct. Looking at very long time
- scales plate tectonic processes can be calculated to have changed the
- volume of the ocean basins. (Walter Pitman, 1978; Bond and Kominz, 1984).
- Changing the volume of the ocean basins results in long-term low
- frequency sea level changes over periods on the order of 100 million
- years or so. Such changes are though to be responsible for the high
- sea level during the Cretaceous when shallow seas covered much of North
- America and other continents. Global climate was also much warmer then,
- so a lack of continental glaciers compounded the tectonic effects.
- Increasing ocean basin volume has led to a gradual decline in sea level
- since then. Various authors estimate this decline as ~200m over the
- last ~100 million years. Glacially-driven sea level excursions are
- superimposed on this long term drop.
-
- Why does this happen?? Well oceanic crust is destroyed at more or less
- the same rate that it is created, so it's not really as if a much greater
- percentage of the earth's surface is covered by oceanic crust. The
- effect I'm talking about results from the fact that young, hot oceanic
- crust near spreading centers is less dense, and floats higher on the mantle
- than older, colder, denser crust. As a result, when mid-ocean ridges
- are spreading rapidly, creating lots of young, buoyant oceanic crust that
- rides high on the asthenosphere, the total volume of the ocean basin
- is smaller. By extrapolating past plate movements, calculating the
- global average spreading rate and the resulting volume changes,
- Pitman (1978) calculated the resulting sea level changes.
- Kominz, (1984) did a rigorous error analysis.
-
- Pitman, W.C., 1978, Relationship between eustacy and stratigraphic sequences
- of passive margins: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 89, p. 1389-1403.
-
-
- Kominz, M.A., 1984, Oceanic ridge volumes and sea-level change, an error
- analysis, in, J. Schlee, ed., Interregional Unconformities and Hydrocarbon
- Accumulation: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 36, p. 109-127.
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- kk
- --
- Tom Williams williams@pangea.stanford.edu
- Department of Geology
- Stanford University School of Earth Sciences
-