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- From: hes@unity.ncsu.edu (Henry E. Schaffer)
- Newsgroups: rec.guns
- Subject: Re: Deer hunting accident with shotgun?
- Message-ID: <1992Nov15.224312.10630@ncsu.edu>
- Date: 16 Nov 92 01:10:01 GMT
- Article-I.D.: ncsu.1992Nov15.224312.10630
- Sender: magnum@mimsy.umd.edu
- Organization: North Carolina State University
- Lines: 59
- Approved: gun-control@cs.umd.edu
-
- In article <4639TB1w164w@upchrch.UUCP> upchrch!joel@peora.sdc.ccur.com (Joel Upchurch ) writes:
- # ...
- #Some states actually require shotguns with slugs or buckshot loads to
- #limit the effective range and make it less likely that someone a mile or
- #two away is killed. The range for effective hunting is 75 yards for
- #slugs and 25 yards for buckshot. The NRA firearms Fact Handbook
- #considers taking shots at greater range unethical hunting. I assume
- #because it would pose an unacceptable risk of injuring an animal without
- #killing it. As for an accidental shooting, I would suspect that they
- #might kill somebody a few hundred yards away.
- #
- #If somebody was really stupid and fired into the air then the range
- #would be a lot further. ...
-
- I posted something a while ago in the context of the ballistics of
- 00 buckshot. Here is the relevant portion, with mild editing for
- continuity.
-
- There is a major difference between the "effective" range and the
- "danger" range for a shotgun. The effective range depends on accuracy and
- shot pattern as well as on the energy per pellet. No responsible hunter
- would shoot at game at 155 yards with 00 buckshot. However, the danger
- range doesn't require accuracy or a good pattern, because it refers to
- possible harm from being hit, intentionally or not. Therefore if a single
- pellet at 155 yards has wounding/lethality potential then the danger zone of
- the shotgun extends past that distance.
-
- After I had reached the conclusions discussed above, I came across a
- section "Extreme Range of Shot" in the Shotgun Ballistics chapter of
- Col. Townsend Whelen's vol. 2. The chapter is mostly about the "ordinary
- small sized shot, No. 2 and smaller", how they pattern, velocities at
- ranges to 40 yards, and descriptive material about shotshells, but then
- near the end of the chapter is the following paragraph.
-
- "Because of safety reasons the extreme range of a shotgun should be
- known. The distance to which the pellets will range depends on the size,
- that is the weight of the pellet, and on the angle of elevation of the gun.
- As with the rifle, the extreme range occurs when the barrel is elevated at
- an angle of about thirty degrees. At this angle large buckshot, round
- balls, and rifled slugs, when fired at a muzzle velocity of 1300 f.s., which
- is about the average, should be assumed to have a range of about 900 to
- 1,000 yards and to be more or less dangerous at these distances."
-
- At the time he was writing "f.s." was a common way of abbreviating
- "feet per second".
-
- The NRA Fact Book has a Table "Maximum Range of Bullets and Shot
- Pellets" (pg. 232) which has an entry for 00 buck weighing 53.8 gr. with a
- muzzle velocity of 1350 fps. The maximum range at sea level is given
- as 1830 ft. = 610 yds. For a 12 ga. slug (437 gr., MV 1560 fps) the
- maximum range given is 2450 ft. = 817 yds. It is pointed out that a
- mild tail wind (10 m.p.h.) can have a major effect in extending the
- range, and that for safety planning that a 20% safety factor should
- be added to these maximum range figures.
-
- --henry schaffer n c state univ
-
- [MODERATOR: Henry did quite an extensive analysis on this; the serious
- student of this question should consult rec.guns archives for all the dialog.]
-