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- Path: sparky!uunet!olivea!decwrl!adobe!macne006.boston.us.adobe.com!user
- From: zisk@adobe.com (Stephen Zisk)
- Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
- Subject: Re: Postscript Font Scaling & Reduction
- Message-ID: <zisk-191192111648@macne006.boston.us.adobe.com>
- Date: 19 Nov 92 16:15:19 GMT
- References: <1992Nov18.045514.4005@oucsace.cs.ohiou.edu> <1992Nov18.181137.25836@adobe.com> <4007@ecicrl.ocunix.on.ca>
- Sender: usenet@adobe.com (USENET NEWS)
- Followup-To: comp.lang.postscript
- Distribution: na
- Organization: Adobe Systems Incorporated
- Lines: 58
-
- In response to what Chris Lewis and Walter C3arlip wrote, and amplifying
- what Jim Delahunt said, I want to add my $.02. As a caveat, let me say
- I am not a type designer or expert, just an interested amateur.
-
- 1.) The "design center" for scaling Type 1 fonts (except, of course,
- for *some* Multiple Master typefaces), is linear scaling at all
- point sizes.
-
- 2.) Hints are used to overcome the limitations of low-resolution
- digital printers. They primarily prevent various kinds of uneven
- "color" and illegible characters. They do not have substantial
- effect at large point sizes and high resolutions.
-
- 3.) The modification of a type design for use at different sizes,
- often called optical scaling, is one available axis of design
- in Multiple Master typefaces. This idea has been around a very
- long time, and is generally applied only to serif designs.
- 4.) The reasons for different designs at different sizes in hot type
- (and Multiple Master Fonts) are complex and subtle:
- a.) With some printing techniques, especially older ones, ink
- does not stay where you want it, and type designs must be
- modified at smaller sizes to remain readable. This may mean
- simplification; it may also mean addition of strange
- features like inkwells to control ink placement.
- b.) For "readabilty" purposes in large blocks of text, it may
- be useful to sacrifice some of the uniqueness of a design.
- This may mean thickening serifs, lessening contrast between
- thin and thick strokes, increasing x-height, even changing
- the angles of bowls, all in the interest of smooth reading.
- c.) With physical pieces of metal, strength and integrity of
- the type through a long print run might dictate design
- changes, both at small and large sizes. This was especially
- true before the industrial revolution, as tooling hard
- metals was very difficult, and softer ones were used.
-
- 5.) Some type designs have been intentionally tailored to the
- strengths and weaknesses of low-resolution printers. These
- designs might, indeed, appear "blocky" or "coarse" at higher
- resolutions or point sizes. Even "normal" fonts may not look as
- good at large sizes as faces specifically designed it. This is
- why, even before Multiple Masters, some fonts came with "Titling
- Caps". This is also why lighter weights are sometimes chosen for
- larger sizes (advertising use notwithstanding).
-
- 6.) There is no reason "linear scaling" should look bad within a
- common-sense range of sizes. Hints will regularize things at
- small sizes, and the larger number of available pixels will make
- things look good at large sizes. The reasons for choosing a
- Multiple Master face should center on design flexibility,
- including better control of appearance at small sizes (for
- readability) and large sizes (for "elegance", faithfulness to
- the design, or whatever you want to label it.
-
- Stephen Zisk (zisk@adobe.com) Disclaimer: These are my personal views
- Adobe Systems Incorporated and do not represent the position of
- Eastern Regional Office Adobe Systems Incorporated.
- 24 New England Exec. Park
- Burlington, MA 01803 They pay me but they don't muzzle me!
-