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- Newsgroups: alt.usage.english
- Path: sparky!uunet!convex!darwin.sura.net!jvnc.net!princeton!crux!roger
- From: roger@crux.Princeton.EDU (Roger Lustig)
- Subject: Re: quite unique
- Message-ID: <1992Nov17.163733.4389@Princeton.EDU>
- Originator: news@nimaster
- Sender: news@Princeton.EDU (USENET News System)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: crux.princeton.edu
- Reply-To: roger@astro.princeton.edu (Roger Lustig)
- Organization: Princeton University
- References: <1992Nov16.112957.23053@black.ox.ac.uk> <1992Nov16.182859.25273@Princeton.EDU> <28246@castle.ed.ac.uk>
- Distribution: alt
- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 16:37:33 GMT
- Lines: 94
-
- In article <28246@castle.ed.ac.uk> cam@castle.ed.ac.uk (Chris Malcolm) writes:
- >In article <1992Nov16.182859.25273@Princeton.EDU> roger@astro.princeton.edu (Roger Lustig) writes:
-
- >>I say that a word means what LOTS OF PEOPLE say it means -- namely those
- >>who use it. I say that there is no other standard for determining meaning
- >>of words.
-
- >>And I would love to hear of any other standard, any other way aside
- >>from actual usage, of determining what a word means.
-
- >There is more in question than this.
-
- >A person is free to form their own judgement, to approve or disapprove
- >of some new trend in usage, or even to suggest a new coinage (such as
- >"hir"). If their arguments & publicity work, then in time they may
- >influence enough language users for their view to become first an
- >accepted usage, and ultimately perhaps even the proper usage.
-
- Of course, the vast majority of coinages and usage changes occur without
- any publicity at all. Others attract only negative publicity, and
- still become standard. (An example: "donate." In the 1850's, people
- campaigned hard against this horrible barbarism.)
-
- A smaller point: is there really a progression from "an accepted usage"
- to "*the* proper usage" [emph. mine]? Often, there are several equally
- "proper" usages.
-
- >It is also the duty of every language user to consider which side to
- >take on any developing usage -- to condone or condemn. If enough
-
- Why? Surely use/don't use is the only choice the vast majority will
- ever make; and this choice has driven every language change in human
- history. Most people can't be bothered to look at the thousands of
- new coinages and meanings that pop up each week, not that the
- newspapers print lists of them or anything.
-
- >language users care enough about the language this should result in
- >improvements.
-
- How? What kind of improvements?
-
- >If too many language users are simply sheep who
- >thoughtlessly propagate every fresh mistake and confusion, then the
-
- Can you show me that there exists one such person on the planet?
-
- (Note that the above sentence implies that most people are actually
- sheep when it comes to language, because most of them don't think
- about issues of neologism and redefinition. Why am *I* the only
- one who gets accused of being rude, when things like this are
- basically insults that cover about 99% of the world's population?)
-
- >language will degenerate.
-
- Ah, here we go. Funny, but this argument has been made in every century
- that there's *been* an English language, and especially the last four.
- Swift was absolutely sure that English was going to the dogs, and that
- in two centuries one would need a translator to read the passage he was
- writing. Of course, all the changes he railed against became accepted, plus
- millions more -- yet we can read his prose without trouble or dictionaries.
-
- Everybody has a Golden Age. For Swift it was The Elizabethan-Jacobean
- time; the Commonwealth was the start of the death of language. Johnson
- felt the same way, and planned to write a Dictionary to "fix" the
- language to the usage of that time. (Writing it cured him of this
- folly, btw.) Lord Orrery, biographer of Swift, felt that Swift was the
- pinnacle of the language, and that one ought to use him as a standard.
-
- And on and on; most people feel that English has been declining since
- their schooldays.
-
- Yet it doesn't seem to do so. English is a wonderfully vital language
- that has never yet been damaged by all kinds of neologism, redefinition,
- etc. In fact, for a Golden Age of making up words, try Shakespeare's time.
- Borrowings from the Italian, plus all kinds of foreign-based coinages
- and inventions, plus thousands of new meanings, crowded into the language --
- and the result was the lavish vocabulary that Shakespeare and Jonson
- and so on used as never before -- a *real* golden age of literature
- and the use of language. Fortunately, purism wasn't popular at the time;'
- people didn't complain as much about these new words, and didn't spend
- their days taking moral stands on which word to use. Would we be better off
- if they had?
-
- >I am disappointed to see so much discussion in this group polarised
- >between naive prescriptivists who think they know how it ought to be,
- >and sheep who suppose that any usage employed by some people somewhere
- >is by that fact alone justified as a usage which cannot be criticised.
-
- Excuse me, but do you know anyone who fits the latter category? If you
- wish to insult me with that line, you are wide of the mark. I have
- made no such argument anywhere.
-
- Roger
-
-