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- Newsgroups: alt.guitar
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!rock!taco!npstewar
- From: npstewar@eos.ncsu.edu (NATHAN PHILLIP STEWART)
- Subject: Re: Bridge adjustments
- Message-ID: <1992Nov17.201943.24223@ncsu.edu>
- Originator: npstewar@c00725-239rd.eos.ncsu.edu
- Lines: 31
- Sender: news@ncsu.edu (USENET News System)
- Reply-To: npstewar@eos.ncsu.edu (NATHAN PHILLIP STEWART)
- Organization: North Carolina State University, Project Eos
- References: <BxGMxo.7xE@csugrad.cs.vt.edu> <92318.164315POLLICIT@MIAMIU.BITNET> <11439106.39.721964574@eng2.eng.monash.edu.au>
- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 20:19:43 GMT
-
-
- Not all harmonics are in tune with reality, thanks to our equal? temperment sys.
- Intervals which are called perfect intervals, ie. perfect fourths, would be
- except a fourth isn't a low numbered harmonic. If a fifth is a perfect interval,
- then the 3rd harmonic is in tune. The second harmonic is in tune, as an octave
- is also a perfect interval. A true fourth harmonic should be in tune at two
- octaves, but if it isn't its because of the tension and size effects of the
- string (mostly size I think for the case of a guitar) detune the harmonic.
- (I'm pulling a lot of this from memory so correct me if I'm wrong.) I think
- this effect increases as the harmonic number (ie. 2nd, 3rd, etc.) increases.
- It doesn't really matter though, because the 5th harmonic isn't a note on our
- scale, nor is the 7th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th, etc... I do know that on a piano
- the string tension is so high that many of the harmonics are not in tune with
- mathmatical theory (ie. the 7th harmonic isn't quite 7 x fundamental freq, etc.)
-
- The reason the bridge saddles are set in their usual pattern isn't really to
- compensate the tension difference, but primarily because of the effect of the
- string size and density contributions. A really large solid string behaves more
- like a rod in it's modes of vibration. I'm not sure the exact relationship with
- intonation, but this is the reason you see the stair step saddle setup. A
- wound string is more flexible than a solid string of the same diameter, and so
- behaves more like a string should than it's solid counterpart. In addition, the
- densities of the two strings would be different, and density also figures into
- the equation for the fundamental frequency of a vibrating string.
-
- A strings diameter to length ratio is the primary factor (I think) in whether it
- behaves like a string or a rod.(its flexibility is also a factor, but for a
- given string, say a D'Addario 0.052", that is pretty fixed. If you play your
- low E string very high up the neck, you'll notice that it's tone changes as well
- as being rather hard to intonate the thing all the way to the 22nd or 24th fret.
- This is caused by the diameter to length ratio effect.
-