home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!wupost!cs.utexas.edu!sun-barr!ames!lll-winken!imager!dk
- From: dk@imager (Dave Knapp)
- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Subject: Re: Converting the masses
- Message-ID: <131516@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV>
- Date: 26 Jul 92 06:15:50 GMT
- References: <1992Jul22.193837.18095@sfu.ca> <131163@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV> <1992Jul25.194550.1970@smsc.sony.com>
- Sender: usenet@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV
- Organization: Laboratory for Experimental Astrophysics
- Lines: 90
- Nntp-Posting-Host: imager.llnl.gov
-
-
- In Article <1992Jul25.194550.1970@smsc.sony.com> markc@smsc.sony.com
- (Mark Corscadden) writes:
-
- > The use of "rest mass" as "mass" implies that one must wave hands
- > when dealing with constituent masses and the systems which they
- > comprise. In particle physics you get away with it by avoiding
- > complex systems and sticking to simple systems for which it's
- > "obvious" whether objects should be grouped together or not.
-
- I don't understand why all the fuss about defining "mass" as
- "energy in an object's rest frame." If an object (or system) doesn't
- have a well-defined rest frame, then it can have no well-defined
- mass, no matter WHAT definition you use!
-
- > In reality you are using a notion of mass in which mass floats
- > into and out of existence based on nothing but your perspective as
- > to what should or should not be grouped together and considered as
- > a whole!
-
- Give me a definition of mass that doesn't. The statement above
- strikes me as a tautology. Of _course_ the mass of a system depends
- on "what you include!" I still don't get the problem.
-
- > This notion of rest mass seems pretty ill-defined to me. I defy
- > anyone to give general rules for determining just what is and
- > isn't rest mass and for determining just how much rest mass you
- > have on hand in a given situation.
-
- The mass of an object is its energy (note I did not say MASS) in
- its rest frame.
-
- There. A general rule. Note that this definition works perfectly
- well for your "cannon balls in a box" example. In that case, when
- you open the box, you end up with an "object" that is expanding very
- quickly; the energy involved in that expansion appears as mass if it
- is measured in the system's rest frame. In any case, why would one
- be interested in the mass of such a system in the first place? It
- seems to me that for any system in which the definition of mass were
- fuzzy, you'd be interested in the _energy_ of the system, anyway,
- which is something perfectly well-defined.
-
- > If you can't then you're committed to a notion of mass that shifts
- > with your perspective. And the whole point of throwing out
- > relativistic mass was to avoid confusion!
-
- That you have a mass that shifts with perspective is precisely the
- problem with "relativistic mass!"
-
- Look. I'll grant you that there is a potential problem with mass
- as I have defined it. It is that, as defined, mass is not a simply
- additive quantity: it is no longer possible to calculate the mass of
- an object (or system) as the sum of the masses of its constituent
- parts. Nuclear and particle physicists have no trouble with that,
- as a simple look at the table of isotopes will convince you. After
- all, the mass of carbon-12 is _not_ equal the 6 times the mass of the
- proton plus 6 times the mass of the neutron plus 6 times the mass of
- the electron.
-
- Coupled to this is the inevitable result that mass is not
- conserved, although energy is. I suppose that, for chemists (for
- example), the notion of mass conservation is useful enough that it
- might be difficult to thrown out immediately. However, chemists
- regularly erroneously teach undergraduates that the mass of NaCl is
- the mass of Na plus the mass of Cl, a false statement no matter which
- of the two definitions of mass you use. The fact that it is _almost_
- true desn't make it so.
-
- Earlier someone (Leigh Palmer?) posted something about the
- definition of "mass" for a neutron star. I didn't respond because
- the example so obviously did not address the point I was making. Of
- course you can divide the mass of a neutron star into the mass of its
- constituent particles and the binding energy; but so what? Is there
- any context in which you would not use the energy in the neutron
- star's rest frame as it dynamical and gravitational mass? The only
- purpose for the "baryonic mass" of a neutron star is to quantify the
- number of neutrons it contains. The example asys nothing about the
- difference between "relativistic mass" and "invariant mass."
-
- The reason I reacted so negatively to Leigh Palmer's original post
- was that he (incorrectly) stated that particle and nuclear physicists
- think that mass is additive, in precisely the way I above said it
- ISN'T. Thus, his argument was based upon a straw man.
-
- -- Dave
- --
- *-------------------------------------------------------------*
- * David Knapp dk@imager.llnl.gov (510) 422-1023 *
- * 98.7% of all statistics are made up. *
- *-------------------------------------------------------------*
-