home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!dtix!darwin.sura.net!wupost!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!ucla-cs!usenet
- From: KARYPM%SJUVM.BITNET@VM.USC.EDU (Paul M. Karagianis)
- Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
- Subject: Strains, subtypes and lethality.
- Message-ID: <1992Jul31.010143.7085@cs.ucla.edu>
- Date: 28 Jul 92 19:17:41 GMT
- Sender: usenet@cs.ucla.edu (Mr Usenet)
- Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
- Lines: 88
- Approved: phil@wubios.wustl.edu
- Note: non-commercial reproduction.
- Nntp-Posting-Host: sole.cs.ucla.edu
- Archive-Number: 5799
-
- The following source:
-
- > From: matthew@ooc.uva.nl (Matthew Lewis)
- > Subject: Conference Newspaper -Tuesday, 21 July - part 1
- > Date: 21 Jul 92 20:06:46 GMT
- > Organization: Center for Innovation and Cooperative Technology,
- > University of Amsterdam
-
- ...contains the following excerpt...
-
- > A great deal of effort has already been invested in studying the
- > variability of HIV. Dr Gerald Myers, of Los Alamos National
- > Laboratories in the US, described a wider spectrum of HIV genetic
- > diversity than had been originally observed. There are at least five
- > major subtype lineages of HIV-1, and each subtype changes about
- > 1% of its genes each year.
- >
- > Myers said that an HIV-infected individual soon becomes host to "a
- > swarm of distinguishable variants" differing from each other by about
- > 5%. He raised the possibility that infection by one subtype of HIV
- > may actually prevent infection by another subtype. No one has ever
- > been found who is infected with more than one subtype (not to be
- > confused with variants of subtypes). It might be possible to harness
- > this apparent inhibition, protecting people against lethal subtypes
- > by inoculation with a less deadly one. Myers said this theory might
- > lead to a prophylactic vaccine but doubted that the world was "quite
- > ready" to risk using an infectious agent, even a defective virus, to
- > protect against AIDS.
-
- ...The Thursday edition contains...
-
- > Two Thai subtypes identified
- >
- > Further insights into the mysterious ways of HIV subtypes have
- > come from Dr Chin-Yih Ou and Dr Bruce Weniger of the Centers for
- > Disease Control HIV/AIDS collaboration project in Bangkok. Ou
- > reported that two viral subtypes have been found in Thailand. One
- > type is in patients likely to have contracted HIV via sexual
- > transmission, while the other is confined largely to intravenous
- > drug users. None of the Thai patients had contracted HIV through
- > blood transfusion. As in related data presented previously by Dr
- > Gerald Myers, no one has been found to be infected with both
- > subtypes.
- > The subtype found in female prostitutes, their male clients and the
- > pregnant wives of those clients closely resembles the HIV subtype
- > most prominent in Africa, including strains Uganda 455, Zaire Z6,
- > NDK and MAL.
- > The subtype found in drug users is essentially the same as that
- > found in the North American and European strains LAI and ADA.
- > The Thai data show a 22% genetic divergence between the two
- > subtypes, indicating that HIV-1 was introduced twice into Thailand
- > and that the current subtypes did not evolve from a common
- > precursor virus after initial introduction into the country, Ou said.
- > He added: "We do not fully understand the reasons for this
- > segregation. It could be that there is little high-risk contact
- > between intravenous drug users and prostitutes and that the HIV
- > epidemics are quite separate between these groups." Other
- > theories are that there may be biological differences in how easily
- > the two subtypes can be transmitted, or that infection with one
- > viral subtype may block infection with another.
- >
- > The Thai programme researchers are currently trying to determine
- > whether the subtypes differ in pathogenicity. They are running
- > cohort studies, in prostitutes, young men and pregnant women, and
- > they are now going back to determine the viral subtypes in each of
- > these patients. This work should reveal some useful information
- > about the relation of HIV subtypes to the progression of the disease.
-
- If I read these correctly a "strain" is a subset of a larger entity
- known as a subtype, and infection by a single strain blocks infection
- by other strains within different subtypes? Furthermore, there is a
- suspected difference in lethality between different subtypes or strains?
-
- The obvious conclusion (or gross oversimplification by a layman) is
- that in the (near?) future, someone who discovers they are HIV+ will
- follow the initial test with a strain or subtype analysis and be given
- some idea of what the expected progression of their disease will be?
-
- Furthermore, there might currently exist HIV+ asymptomatic patients
- who will discover that they apparently will not develop AIDS, are
- essentially immune to other more lethal strains (or more likely strains
- within other subtypes only?) and (in my final ignorance-based leap into
- the wild blue yonder) are essentially walking live virus vaccines?
-
- I realize I sound like I'm hallucinating, but that's what the above
- quotes suggest to me, so taking the time to shoot me down now may come
- in handy later when the National Enquirer or somebody jumps to the same
- conclusions. Thanks for the time and consideration.... -Kary.
-