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- Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!ucla-cs!usenet
- From: Billi Goldberg <bigoldberg@igc.apc.org>
- Subject: More on Science and AZT
- Message-ID: <1992Jul24.195311.5147@cs.ucla.edu>
- Note: non-commercial reproduction.
- Sender: usenet@cs.ucla.edu (Mr Usenet)
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- Archive-Number: 5778
- Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
- Date: Fri, 24 Jul 92 10:02:57 PDT
- Approved: phil@wubios.wustl.edu
- Lines: 132
-
- In post <07-22-92 11:48:00 rpetsche@mrg.tmc.edu (Rolfe G. Petschek)>
- Rolfe writes:
-
- >Wrong. AZT, DDI and DDC established by good, clear, well-designed peer
- >reviewed studies to decrease the rate at which people with
- >significantly progressed disease die. I believe that they are the only
- >such drugs with immediate impact on HIV, as opposed to opportunistic
- >infections.
-
- Since physics requires an in-depth knowledge of math, statistics, etc.,
- I couldn't think of an individual more suited to evaluate the results of
- ACTG016 and ACTG019: the clinical trials or studies that resulted in the
- widespread use of AZT for treatment of HIV infection.
-
- It would be greatly appreciated if you would pull those studies and
- evaluate them from your physical science background, scientific
- objectivity and expertise.
-
- ACTG016: "The Efficacy of Azidothymidine (AZT) in the Treatment of
- Patients with AIDS and AIDS-Related Complex, July 23, 1987, Number 4,
- The New England Journal of Medicine, pages 185-191 by Fischl et al.
-
- ACTG019: "Zidovudine in Asymptomatic Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- Infection, April 5, 1990, Number 14, The New England Journal of
- Medicine, pages 941-949 by Volberding et al.
-
- The following table is from Fischl's study: the first using AZT.
-
- Counts in table refer to CD4 T cell counts.
-
- AZT Group Placebo Group
- Patients Median Mean Patients Median Mean
- Tested Count Count Tested Count Count
-
- PATIENTS WITH AIDS
-
- Base line 85 54.0 65.6 75 49.0 77.0
- Week 4 69 133.0 151.6 68 38.5 68.8
- Week 8 72 96.0 123.4 60 43.1 64.4
- Week 12 67 68.0 105.7 56 32.7 55.8
- Week 16 44 49.0 81.0 36 29.0 60.2
- Week 20 25 49.0 64.7 14 32.0 47.3
- Week 24 8 18.5 36.6 5 20.0 34.0
-
- PATIENTS WITH AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX
-
- Base line 60 190.0 199.3 61 128.0 175.0
- Week 4 54 251.0 257.9 51 154.0 182.7
- Week 8 54 204.5 222.4 48 114.5 161.5
- Week 12 46 277.6 254.0 47 93.0 164.3
- Week 16 38 209.0 269.7 38 157.6 178.0
- Week 20 20 340.0 297.0 22 103.0 156.9
- Week 24 11 217.0 262.6 9 154.0 232.9
-
- The following info is contained on page 186 of this double-blind,
- placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy of AZT:
-
- "The placebo was indistinguishable in appearance from AZT and was
- similar in taste. Drug therapy was temporarily discontinued or the
- frequency of doses decreased to one capsule every eight hours or longer
- is severe adverse reactions were noted. The study medication was
- withdrawn if unacceptable toxic effects or a neoplasm requiring therapy
- developed. Subjects in whom an opportunistic infection developed were
- withdrawn from the study only if therapy with another experimental
- medication was required or if antimicrobial therapy might have resulted
- in serious additive toxic effects."
-
- My training was as a civil engineer, and I spent many years working with
- statistical data concerning accidents on California's state highway.
- I am not impressed with the statistical information derived from the
- above study. Remember, it must be considered that the dosages were
- decreased in individuals that had side effects or adverse reactions.
- That action results in skewing of the data, and is certainly not kosher
- in a double-blinded placebo controlled study. Also, when preparing
- results of studies and experiments for publication, you attempt to show
- the data in the best light possible.
-
- >I have never ceased to be amazed at the rate at which science is
- >supposed to progress. Ever since I learned of AIDS I was convinced
- >that many, many people would die thereof before an effective vaccine,
- >to say nothing of a cure (or effective long term treatment) was found.
- >Had I known it was a retrovirus at the time I would have been yet more
- >convinced of this.
-
- I have never ceased to be amazed at what science says it can do as
- compared to what it has actually accomplished.
-
- >The scientific community is doing the very best it can to find drugs,
- >cures and vaccines for HIV. Significant progress has been made. The
- >fact that people continue to die of the disease in the meantime does
- >not imply that anyone is particularly hard-hearted -rather it reflects
- >the difficulty of finding a cure for this (or, indeed any) disease.
-
- Is it really doing the very best it can do or is it doing the very best
- it can depending on who pays for the research that leads to drugs and
- treatments that can make the most profit. The majority of AIDS victims
- are Third World. How many of the scientific community are developing
- cheap, efficient treatments for these individuals? No, it does not
- imply that the scientists are *particularly* hard-heated, just that they
- need money for research and to live. The drug companies have the money
- so that is where the scientists go. I can guarantee that drug companies
- are interested more in drugs that will realize profit than they are in
- being *humanitarians* and providing non-profit making drugs to indigent
- people.
-
- Do you really think that doctors and researchers are donating their time
- and efforts in running the multitude of AZT + everything studies? I
- would surmise that Burroughs Wellcome is footing the bill and giving the
- doctors and researchers something extra for their time and effort along
- with *contributions* to proactive AIDS organizations that recommend BW
- drugs.
-
- Now the focus of the research is shifting to the immune system and the
- cell mediated immune response. Salk has stated that an antibody vaccine
- will not work as have many others. There are now more and more
- discussions about T8 cells, dendritic cells, NK cells and focusing on
- treatments that will activate the immune system to fight off infections
- rather than just focusing on destruction of the HIV virus.
-
- I figured out the immune system focus a few months after I became
- involved in AIDS. Elswood, Epstein, Mills and others had a treatment
- years ago that focused on activating the immune system to fight
- microbial agents with DNCB.
-
- Why has it taken scientists 11 years to come to the same conclusion?
- Why do you think a contact sensitizing agent like DNCB works? Why don't
- you check the literature about DNCB and activating the immune system?
- There were articles over 20 years ago that used the cell mediated immune
- system response and DNCB to control microbial agents and neoplasms.
-
- Billi Goldberg
-
-