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- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!rutgers!princeton!phoenix.Princeton.EDU!greg
- From: greg@phoenix.Princeton.EDU (Gregory Nowak)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: The Value of Science
- Keywords: Relativity, Poincare, Whittaker
- Message-ID: <1992Jul30.105827.6185@Princeton.EDU>
- Date: 30 Jul 92 10:58:27 GMT
- References: <1992Jul25.014957.18824@panix.com>
- Sender: news@Princeton.EDU (USENET News System)
- Organization: Princeton University
- Lines: 49
- Originator: news@ernie.Princeton.EDU
- Nntp-Posting-Host: phoenix.princeton.edu
-
- In article <1992Jul25.014957.18824@panix.com> davidc@panix.com (David C. Chorlian) writes:
- }
- } Abraham Pais, in his biography of Einstein, "Subtle is the
- }Lord...", has quite a different account of Poincare's contribution
- }to the development of the theory of Relativity, and says,
- }"His [Whittaker's] treatment of special theory of relativity ..
- }shows how well the author's lack of physical insight matches his
- }ignorance of the literature." (168)
-
- I believe Whittaker goes back to Campbell for his account; there are
- reasons for providing the history of a Poincare-Lorentz version of
- "relativity" which go deeper than mere ignorance.
-
- } Of Poincare's 1904 address in St. Louis, Pais gives the
- }following account on page 128:
- } "All phenomena seen by one observer [in relative motion to
- }another] are retarded relative to the other, but they all are
- }retarded equally (Poincare points out) and 'as demanded by the
- }relativity principle [the observer] cannot know whether he is at
- }rest or in absolute mothion.' Poincare is getting close.
-
- Pais' book is nice if you want a good story about Einstein. It falters
- in moments like these, when he steps out of the historian's role and
- decides he has to deify Einstein and refute claims that other
- contemporary actors may have "gotten" relativity. To be fair, some of
- these claims are also rather sloppily formulated.
-
- } Although Poincare had the equations of the Lorentz transformation
- }by 1905, HE DID NOT UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY MEANT. Thus he is rightly
- }not credited with the development of special relativity.
-
- I feel I have to step in here in my capacity as a historian of
- science. One of the most common mistakes non-historians make about
- Einstein is that they assume the moment the 1905 paper hit the
- presses, everyone saw it as touching off a revolution in physics and
- immediately declared themselves "pro-Einstein" or "anti-Einstein". The
- field is a bit more complicated in those first few years, and if one
- wants to be a fair-minded historian one has to avoid handing out
- "right" and "wrong" awards. Einstein developed special relativity,
- true -- but don't imagine from that that Poincare or Lorentwz "didn't
- understand" something. I'd suggest that you check out an article by
- Andrew Warwick which should be appearing soon in Science in Context
- (sorry, I only saw it in preprint) which summarizes the reading of
- Einstein in the Cavendish Labs in the years 1905-1911: In short,
- Einstein's work was seen as _confirming_ that of Larmor. Warwick's
- work serves as a good corrective to the notion that everything was cut
- and dried by 1906.
-
- greg
-