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- Newsgroups: sci.bio
- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!concert!samba!ajpierce
- From: ajpierce@med.unc.edu (Andrew Pierce)
- Subject: Re: Mutations: Mostly Harmful, or Not?
- Message-ID: <1992Jul24.041304.14387@samba.oit.unc.edu>
- Sender: usenet@samba.oit.unc.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: salvo.med.unc.edu
- Organization: UNC-CH School of Medicine
- References: <1992Jul22.152155.3619@HQ.Ileaf.COM> <robison1.711848670@husc10> <14lcnjINNghd@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>
- Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1992 04:13:04 GMT
- Lines: 36
-
- In article <14lcnjINNghd@darkstar.UCSC.EDU> jdale@cats.ucsc.edu (Jonathan Dale) writes:
- >On the other hand, many genes are repeated, some appearing huge numbers of
- >times. In terms of information, the copies are "junk". They probably serve
- >to ensure that one mutation will not be fatal; there are many places where
- >redundancy is a defense against mutations in the DNA. With the addition of
- >a CRC, they would be unnecessary. [Although they play a role in evolution;
- >protecting the DNA could eliminate one source of variation in the gene pool.
- >This is a dilemma.]
-
- Most of the genes which are highly repeated such as those coding for
- histones, rRNA's etc. seem to be repeated simply because it is not
- possible to induce transcription sufficiently from a single copy of the
- gene in DNA to supply the cell's full needs given that the cell has only a
- finite time to replicate at which point its resources are reduced. This
- can aslo be seen (unfortunately) in the reponse of cancer cells to
- chemotherapeutic agents; the cells can amplify the DNA which codes for
- proteins which serve to make the cells resistant to the agent. As an
- example, CHOC400 cells have greatly amplified the DHFR gene region in
- response to methotrexate treatment.
-
- >Also, long regions at the ends and middle of each
- >chromosome have non-coding repeats. These probably help provide structure,
- >but again are redundant. If you reduced the number of chromosomes by putting
- >all the information from the non-sex chromosomes on just one chromosome,
- >you would eliminate a lot of this.
-
- Remembering that the cell needs to divide, if all the DNA was in one
- chromosome, just how big would the cells have to be in order to
- successfully pull apart replicated copies of this chromosome without some
- additional sort of ravelling mechanism? A better idea perhaps would be to
- take a lesson from bacteria and make the chromosomes circular thus
- dispensing with the ends (there are already lots of topological problems
- even with linear chromosomes).
-
- -Andy
- ajpierce@med.unc.edu
-