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- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!uknet!keele!nott-cs!pre
- From: pre@cs.nott.ac.uk (Phillip Edwards)
- Newsgroups: comp.robotics
- Subject: Robot Models
- Message-ID: <1992Jul31.095144.11099@cs.nott.ac.uk>
- Date: 31 Jul 92 09:51:44 GMT
- Organization: Nottingham University
- Lines: 56
-
- I am trying to determine the state of the art in the field of
- robot modelling methods. I shall present a view that there is
- little in the way of practical achievement and hope to be proved
- wrong!
-
- There are a number of graphical robot simulation systems about.
- These only use kinematic modelling and are very good as planning
- tools, but any generated off-line programs need some tweaking
- before they can be used.
-
- The main question I am interested in is how to derive the
- kinematic and dynamic parameters for a particular robot. The
- situation as I see it at the moment follows:
-
-
- Kinematic equations
-
- There have been a number of papers describing methods of
- compensating for errors in kinematic parameters, usually based
- upon the Denavit-Hartenberg representation. These are based on
- the premise that the robot contoller's nominal kinematic model
- differs from the actual kinematic parameters of the robot.
- Positions can be corrected by passing them through the actual
- inverse kinematics and then the nominal forward kinematics to
- 'fool' ther controller into sending the robot to the correct
- position.
-
- The main issue associated with this approach is to obtain values
- for the actual kinematic parameters. Researchers have described
- various methods of measuring robot positions, but there is little
- evidence of actual results. There is also the problem of getting
- very large values for the Denavit-Hartenberg d parameter for
- joint axes which are 'not quite parallel' - solutions to this
- have only been hinted at.
-
- My own research has shown that the only significant kinematic
- parameter errors are offsets in the joint angles due to
- inaccurate resolver calibration, and minor misalignments in
- spherical wrists.
-
-
- Dynamic equations
-
- The area of dynamics is even more obscure than that of
- kinematics. Researchers have published ideas and some of the
- basic equations, but again there is little evidence of practical
- results. There are two sets of dynamic parameters which are very
- difficult to obtain, namely moments of inertia and compliance.
- I would be interested to hear of any methods of determining the
- moment of inertia of a robot arm short of dismantling it so as
- to determine the mass distribution.
-
- --
- ____________________________________________________________________
-
- Dr Phill Edwards, Lecturer in IT, University of Nottingham, UK
-