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- Path: sparky!uunet!uunet.ca!xenitec!lemsys!clemon
- From: clemon@lemsys.UUCP (Craig Lemon VE3XCL)
- Newsgroups: comp.dcom.modems
- Subject: Re: Serial and Parallel interface ?????
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <clemon.08l2@lemsys.UUCP>
- References: <mac1.711295729@ra.msstate.edu> <1992Jul18.135932.3904@qiclab.scn>
- Date: 25 Jul 92 22:57:36 EDT
- Organization: Private UUCP "Twig" Node
- Lines: 92
-
- In article <1992Jul18.135932.3904@qiclab.scn> leonard@qiclab.scn.rain.com writes:
- >
- >jvmg9796@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Doc) writes:
- >
- >>tnixon@hayes.com writes:
- >
- >>>Parallel communications sends several bits at a time. In the PC
-
- >
- >>To take the original question a step further, why cant a modem be
- >>designed that uses the parallel port for increased throughput?
- >
- >Perhaps because the telephone line is *effectively* serial. It's
- >a single wire pair. The signal can only have a single value at any point
- >in time.
-
- Well, unless I have misconceptions about TCM (Trellis Coded Mod.)
- that is used in virtually all of the high speed standards, there is more
- than one bit encoded at any one time. A document on the ZyXEL 1496S that I
- have says it all. Here is a portion of a speed/compatibility chart seen on
- this 'glossy' :
-
- Operation Mode Bit Rate Baud Rate Modulation
- --------------- ----------- ------------ --------------
- V.33 14400 14400 2400 128-TCM
- V.33 12000 12000 2400 64-TCM
- V.32bis 14400 14400 2400 128-TCM
- V.32bis 12000 12000 2400 64-TCM
- V.32bis 7200 7200 2400 16-TCM
- V.32 9600 9600 2400 32-TCM
- V.32 9600 uncoded 9600 2400 16-QAM
- V.32 4800 4800 2400 4-DPSK
- V.29 9600 9600 2400 16-QAM
- V.29 7200 7200 2400 8-QAM
- V.29 4800 4800 2400 4-DPSK
- V.27ter 4800 4800 1600 8-PSK
- V.27ter 2400 2400 1200 4-DPSK
- V.22bis 2400 2400 600 16-QAM
- V.22/BELL 212A 1200 1200 600 4-DPSK
- V.21/BELL 103 300 300 300 FSK
- V.23 1200/75 1200/75 1200/75 FSK
-
- Although they didn't say so on the sheet, here are the modulation
- short form dfinitions :
- | o
- | /
- TCM = Trellis Coded Modulation | / Phase
- QAM = Quadrature Amplitude Modulation |/______________Amplitude
- DPSK = Dual Phase-Shift Keying |
- PSK = Phase-Shift Keying |
- FSK = Frequency Shift Keying |
-
- The baud rate does not equal the bit rate, obviously. The baud
- rate indicates the rate at which the modulation updates, or changes. In
- other words, the baud rate indicates how much information is transferred.
- This information is encoded and will be decoded to produce more information
- (hence the bit rate that is a multiple of the baud rate). TCM encoding can
- be represented on polar axes with signal amplitude represented linearly and
- the phase represented by the angle (see above). Bits are encoded at
- multiple phase-amplitude "grid locations" resembling a grid or matrix where
- the locations are optimized to give the greatest distance between bits so
- that there is little chance of one bit being confused with another. As
- better algorithms are developed, more bits can be packed into the same
- domain. The difference between some v.fast modulation schemes and
- present-day v.32bis is simply the number of bits that they could manage to
- encode given the bandwidth of the phone connection. Calculations give 6
- 'bits/baud' for v.32bis 14.4k and 12 'bits/baud' for v.fast 28.8k. This is
- of course an incomplete, simplistic view of things. It is more complicated
- in the real world dealing with changing phone lines etc... I may have some
- of the details wrong here but I believe that I'm at least on the right
- track :-)
-
- >
- >In the old days, some leased line modems increased speed by using
- >*two* pairs of wires.
-
- This is still done today, Telebit Netblazers can be configured this
- way. It's referred to as 4-wire leased line. The ZyXEL U-1496S also has
- some special 4-wire features.
-
- >--
- >Leonard Erickson leonard@qiclab.scn.rain.com
- >CIS: [70465,203] 70465.203@compuserve.com
- >FIDO: 1:105/56 Leonard.Erickson@f56.n105.z1.fidonet.org
- >(The CIS address is checked daily. The others infrequently)
- >
-
- --
- Craig Lemon VE3XCL - Kitchener, Ontario. Amiga B2000 OS 2.04 UUCPv1.15D.
- +1 519 741 0297 +1 519 578 7817 | 1A Electrical Engineering
- clemon@lemsys.UUCP clemon%lemsys@xenitec.on.ca | University of Waterloo
- IP/Packet: ve3xcl@ve3xcl.ampr.org [44.135.84.51]| Fall 1992
-