NetNews Usenet Archive 1992 #16

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Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets Path: sparky!uunet!world!srctran From: srctran@world.std.com (Gregory Aharonian) Subject: Periodic neural network patent posting Message-ID: <Bryx2w.8p7@world.std.com> Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA Date: Sat, 25 Jul 1992 23:25:43 GMT Lines: 748 The following is my periodic posting of new (or newly encountered) patents dealing with neural networks. Lines below starting with "!" are new additions to this file. Comments to explain the titles are enclosed in brackets [...]. The text of any of these patents can be ordered from the patent office for $3 in printed form. Also, for $20, I will provide a machine readable version of the abstract, text, claims and references for any neural network patent. Greg Aharonian Source Translation & Optimization srctran@world.std.com 617-489-3727 ============================================================================= For a very good article on the legal issues involving neural network patents, see the article "Intellectual Property Protection for Neural Networks" by Donald Wenskay, Neural Networks, 3, pp. 229-236, 1990. ============================================================================= For those interested in applying for a neural network patent, I freely provide a LaTeX template for a patent application. Please email a request, and I'll send it to you. Contains most of the boilerplate you need. ============================================================================= To date, I have yet to see any articles in the trade journals on either companies signing cross-licensing agreements to share their neural network patents, or patent infringement lawsuits dealing with neural network patents. To me, this means that no one is making much money with neural networks, and that the financial return on acquiring a patent is less than the cost of applying for and maintaining a patent. If anyone hears of either occurrence, please let me know. ============================================================================= NEURAL NETWORK PATENTS (patents in reverse chronological order) Copyright 1992 Gregory Aharonian ! 5,131,073 awarded to Ricoh 07/92 395/27 ! Neuron unit and neuron unit network ! 5,131,072 awarded to Fujitsu 07/92 395/24 ! Neurocomputer with analog signal bus ! 5,131,071 awarded to Omron Tateisi Electronics 07/92 395/3 ! Fuzzy inference apparatus ! 5,131,055 awarded to NASA 07/92 382/33 ! Auto and hetero-associative memory using a 2D optical logic gate ! 5,130,944 awarded to Samsung Electronics 07/92 364/766 ! Divider circuit adopting a neural network architecture to increase division ! processing speed and reduce hardware components ! 5,130,943 awarded to Siemens Aktiengesellschaft 07/92 364/724.19 ! Method and configuration for improving the dynamic range of an adaptive ! recursive network for processing discrete time signals ! 5,130,936 awarded to Arinc Research 06/92 364/551.01 ! Method and apparatus for diagnostic testing including a neural network for ! determining testing sufficiently ! 5,130,563 awarded to Washington Research Foundation 07/92 307/201 ! Optoelectronic sensory neural network ! 5,129,042 awarded to Samsung Electronics 07/92 395/27 ! Sorting circuit using neural networks ! 5,129,041 awarded to Grumman Aerospace 07/92 395/25 ! Optical neural network processing element with multiple holographic element ! interconnects ! 5,129,040 awarded to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 07/92 395/25 ! Neural network for image processing ! 5,129,039 awarded to Sony 07/92 395/24 ! Recurrent neural network with variable size intermediate layer ! 5,129,038 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 07/92 395/23 ! Neural network with selective error reduction to increase learning speed ! 5,129,037 awarded to Digital Equipment Corporation 07/92 395/22 ! Neural network for performing beta-token partitioning in a Rete network 5,124,918 awarded to Case Western Reserve University 06/92 364/424.02 Neural based autonomous robotic system 5,123,049 awarded to Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba 06/92 381/43 Pattern recognition apparatus with retrieval reference patterns 5,121,467 awarded to E.I. du Pont de Nemours 06/92 395/11 Neural network / expert system process control expert system and method 5,121,465 awarded to NEC 06/92 395/2 Pattern matching system 5,121,443 awarded to Spectra-Physics 06/92 382/29 Neural network system for analyzing chromatographic peaks 5,121,228 awarded to Bell Communications Research 06/92 359/7 Holographic learning machine 5,120,996 awarded to Carver Mead/Synaptics 06/92 307/353 Synaptic element and array 5,119,469 awarded to Environmental Research Inst. Mich. 06/92 395/23 Neural network with weight adjustment based on prior history of input signals 5,119,468 awarded to E.I du Pont de Nemours 06/92 395/22 Apparatus and method for controlling a process using a trained parallel distributed processing network 5,115,492 awarded to General Electric 05/92 395/27 Digital correlators incorporating analog neural network structures operated on a bit sliced basis 5,113,485 awarded to Hitachi 05/92 395/25 Optical neural network system 5,113,484 awarded to Samsung 05/92 395/24 Rank filter using neural network 5,113,483 awarded to Microelectronics & Computer Tech. 05/92 395/23 Neural network with semi-localized nonlinear mapping of the input space 5,113,482 awarded to IBM 05/92 395/23 Neural network model for reaching a goal state 5,113,367 awarded to the U.S. Navy 05/92 364/819 Cross entropy deconvolver circuit adaptable to changing convolution functions 5,111,531 awarded to Automation Technology 05/92 395/23 Process control system using neural network 5,109,475 awarded to Hitachi 04/92 395/22 Method and a system for selection of time series 5,107,454 awarded to Agency Ind. Science & Tech-Tokyo 04/92 395/24 Pattern associative memory system 5,107,442 awarded to Recognition Equipment 04/92 395/11 Adaptive neural network image processing system 5,105,468 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 04/92 382/14 Time delay neural network for printed and cursive handwritten character recognition 5,103,496 awarded to US Navy 04/92 395/24 Artificial neural network system for memory modification 5,103,405 awarded to Westinghouse 04/92 395/10 Digital probabilistic reasoning element 5,101,361 awarded to NASA 04/92 395/24 Analog hardware for delta-backpropagation neural network 5,097,141 awarded to Motorola 03/92 307/201 Simple distance neuron 5,095,459 awarded to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 03/92 395/25 Optical neural network 5,095,443 awarded to Ricoh 03/92 395/11 Plural neural network system having a successive approximation learning method 5,093,900 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 03/92 395/24 Reconfigurable neural network 5,093,899 awarded to Sony Corporation 03/92 395/23 Neural network with normalized learning constant for high-speed stable learning 5,092,343 awarded to Wayne State University 03/92 128/733 Waveform analysis apparatus and method using neural network techniques 5,091,864 awarded to Hitachi 02/92 395/27 Systolic processor elements for a neural network 5,091,843 awarded to Allied-Signal 02/92 364/150 Nonlinear multivariable control system 5,087,826 awarded to Intel Corporation 02/92 307/201 Multi-layer neural network employing multiplexed output neurons 5,086,479 awarded to Hitachi 02/92 382/14 Information processing system using neural network learning function 5,086,405 awarded to Samsung Electronics 02/92 364-748 Floating point adder circuit using neural network 5,083,285 awarded to Toshiba 01/92 395/24 Matrix-structured neural network with learning circuitry 5,083,044 awarded to Carver Mead/Synaptics 01/92 307/311 Synaptic element and array 5,080,464 awarded to Hamamatsu Photonics 01/92 359/559 Optical neural network apparatus using primary processing 5,078,952 awarded to Science Applications Inter. Corp 01/92 376/159 Multi-sensor explosive detection system 5,077,677 awarded to Westinghouse Electric 12/91 395/10 Probabilistic inference gate 5,075,889 awarded to Philips Corporation 12/91 365/73 Arrangement of data cells and neural network system utilizing such an arrangement 5,075,871 awarded to Recognition Equipment Inc. 12/91 395/24 Variable gain neural network image processing system 5,075,869 awarded to Intel Corporation 12/91 395/24 Neural network exhibiting improved tolerance to temperate and power supply 5,075,868 awarded to the US Navy 12/91 395/23 Memory modification of artificial neural networks 5,073,867 awarded to Westinghouse Electric 12/91 395/27 Digital neural network processing elements 5,072,130 awarded to Vernon Dobson 12/91 307/201 Associative network and signal handling element therefor for processing data 5,071,231 awarded to the US Air Force 12/91 359/53 Bidirectional spatial lightl modulator for neural network computer 5,070,480 awarded to John Caywood 12/91 365/49 Nonvolatile associative memory system 5,068,801 awarded to Teledyne Industries 11/91 395/25 Optical interconnector and highly interconnected, learning neural network incorporating optical interconnector therein 5,068,662 awarded to Louisiana State University 11/91 341/161 Neural network analog-to-digital converter 5,067,095 awarded to Motorola 11/91 395/24 Spann sequence processing artificial neural network 5,065,339 awarded to I.B.M. 11/91 395/24 Orthogonal row-column neural processor 5,065,040 awarded to Motorola 11/91 307/201 Reverse flow neuron 5,063,601 awarded to John Hayduk 11/91 382/14 Fast-learning neural network system for adaptive pattern recognition apparatus 5,063,531 awarded to NEC Corporation 11/91 395/25 Optical neural network trainable in rapid time 5,063,521 awarded to Motorola 11/91 395/27 Neuram neural network with RAM 5,063,492 awarded to Hitachi 11/91 364/167.01 Motion control apparatus with function to self-form a series of motions 5,061,866 awarded to Ohio State University 10/91 307/529 Analog, continuous time vector scalar multiplier circuits and programmable feedback neural network using them 5,060,278 awarded to Ricoh Company 10/91 382/14 Pattern recognition apparatus using a neural network system 5,060,276 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 10/91 382/8 Technique for object orientation detection using a feed-forward neural network 5,059,814 awarded to Carver Mead/ Calif. Inst. Tech. 10/91 301/201 Winner-take-all circuits for neural computing systems 5,058,184 awarded to Nippon Hoso Kyokai 10/91 382/37 Hierarchical information processing system 5,058,180 awarded to National Semiconductor 10/91 382/14 Neural network apparatus and method for pattern prediction 5,058,034 awarded to Westinghouse Electric 10/91 395/27 Digital neural network with discrete point rule space 5,056,897 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 10/91 359/72 Spatial light modulating element and neural network circuit 5,056,039 awarded to John Caufield/ Univ. Alabama 10/91 395/25 Holographic interconnect system 5,056,037 awarded to NASA 10/91 395/24 Analog hardware for learning neural methods 5,055,897 awarded to Intel Corporation 10/91 357/23.5 Semiconductor cell for neural network and the like 5,054,094 awarded to Eastman Kodak 10/91 382/18 Rotationally impervious feature extraction for optical character recognition 5,053,974 awarded to Texas Instruments 10/91 395/27 Closeness code and method 5,052,043 awarded to Eastman Kodak 09/91 382/14 Neural network with back propagation controlled through an output confidence measure 5,050,096 awarded to Northrop 09/91 395/22 Path cost computing neural network 5,050,095 awarded to Honeywell 09/91 395/23 Neural network auto-associative memory with two rules for varying the weights 5,048,100 awarded to Michael Kuperstein 09/91 382/36 Self organizing neural network method and system for general classification of patterns 5,048,097 awarded to Eastman Kodak 09/91 382/14 Optical character recognition neural network system for machine printed characters 5,047,655 awarded to Thomson-CSF 09/91 307/201 Programmable analog neural network 5,046,020 awarded to E.I. du Pont de Nemours 09/91 395/23 Distributed parallel processing network wherein the connection weights are generated using stiff differential equations 5,046,019 awarded to Chip Supply Inc. 09/91 395/3 Fuzzy data comparator with neural network postprocessor 5,045,713 awarded to Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba 09/91 301/301 Multi-feedback circuit apparatus 5,043,913 awarded to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 08/91 395/27 Neural network [using synaptic circuits] 5,041,976 awarded to Ford Motor Company 08/91 364/424.03 Diagnostic system using pattern recognition for electronic automotive control systems 5,041,916 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 08/91 358/433 Color image data compression and recovery apparatus based on neural networks 5,040,230 awarded to Ezel Incorporated 08/91 382/15 Associative pattern conversion system and adaptation method thereof 5,040,215 awarded to Hitachi 08/91 381/43 Speech recognition apparatus using neural network and fuzzy logic 5,040,214 awarded to Stephen Grossberg / Boston Univ. 08/91 381/43 Pattern learning and recognition apparatus in a computer system 5,040,134 awarded to Intel Corporation 08/91 395/27 Neural network employing leveled summing scheme with blocked array 5,034,918 awarded to Samsung Electronics 07/91 365/49 Adaptive associative memory comprising synapses of CMOS transistors 5,033,020 awarded to Grumman Aerospace 07/91 364/807 Optically controlled information processing system 5,033,006 awarded to Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha 07/91 395/23 Self-extending neural-network [using multilayers] 5,027,182 awarded to NASA 06/91 357/46 High-gain ALGAAS/GAAS double heterojunction darlington phototransistors for optical neural networks 5,025,282 awarded to Fuji Photo Film 06/91 355/38 Color image forming apparatus [using neural network for learning image conditions] 5,023,833 awarded to Baum & Wilczek / Cal. Inst. Tech. 06/91 365/49 Feed forward neural network for unary associative memory 5,023,045 awarded to Doryo Kuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu 06/91 376/215 Plant malfunction diagnostic method [using neural networks] 5,021,988 awarded to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 06/91 395/24 Semiconductor neural network and method of driving the same 5,016,211 awarded to Samsung Electronics 05/91 364/786 Neural network implementation of a binary adder 5,016,188 awarded to Rockwell International 05/91 395/22 Discrete-time optimal control by neural network 5,014,219 awarded to James White 05/91 395/23 Mask controled neural networks 5,014,096 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 05/91 357/19 Optoelectronic integrated circuit with optical gate device and phototransistor 5,010,512 awarded to International Business Machines 04/91 395/24 Neural network having an associative memory that learns by example 5,008,833 awarded to California Institute of Tech. 04/91 395/25 Parallel optoelectronic neural network processors 5,005,206 awarded to U.S. Philips 04/91 382/56 Method of and arrangement for image data compression by means of a neural network 5,004,932 awarded to Hitachi 04/91 307/201 Unit circuit for constructing a neural network and a semiconductor integrated circuit having the same 5,004,309 awarded to John Caulfield/Teledyne Brown Eng. 04/91 359/1 Neural processor with holographic optical paths and nonlinear 5,003,490 awarded to Hughes Aircraft 03/91 395/22 Neural network signal processor 5,001,631 awarded to Hughes Aircraft 03/91 364/402 Cellular network assignment processor using randomly triggered adaptive cell thresholds 4,999,525 awarded to Intel Corporation 3/91 307/201 Exclusive-OR cell for pattern matching employing floating gate devices 4,996,648 awarded to Alexander Jourjine 2/91 395/25 Neural network using random binary code 4,995,088 awarded to Nabil Farhat / Univ. of Penn. 2/91 395/25 Super resolution [for radar using hebbian neural network] 4,994,982 awarded to U.S. Philips 2/91 395/27 Neural network system and circuit for use therein 4,994,927 awarded to GTE Laboratories 2/91 358/426 Self adaptive neural net based vector quantizer for image compression 4,990,838 awarded to ATR Auditory & Visual Perception 2/91 395/81 Movement trajectory generating method of a dynamical system 4,989,256 awarded to Bruce Buckley 01/91 395/27 Self-organizing Circuits 4,988,891 awarded to Mitsubishi 01/91 395/25 Semiconductor Neural Network including Photosensitive Coupling Elements 4,983,962 awarded to Daniel Hammerstrom 01/91 340/825.02 Neural-model, Computational Architecture Employing Broadcast Hierarchy and Hypergrid, Point-to-Point Communication 4,979,126 awarded to AI Ware 12/90 395/24 Neural network with non-linear transformations 4,979,124 awarded to Cornell Research Foundation 12/90 354/432 Adaptive, neural-based signal processor 4,978,990 awarded to Olympus Cameras 12/90 354/432 Exposure control apparatus for camera [using neural networks] 4,975,961 awarded to NEC 12/90 381/43 Multi-layer neural network to which dynamic programming techniques are applicable 4,974,169 awarded to Grumman Aerospace 11/90 395/24 Neural network with memory cycling 4,972,473 awarded to Hitachi 11/90 380/20 Data communication method and apparatus using neural-networks 4,972,363 awarded to Boeing 11/90 364/807 Neural network using stochastic processing 4,972,187 awarded to Digital Equipment Corporation 11/90 341/95 Numeric encoding method and apparatus for neural networks 4,970,819 awarded to V/GER 11/90 42/70.01 Firearm safety system and method [for grip recognition using neural nets] 4,965,725 awarded to Neuromedical Systems 10/90 364/413.1 Neural network based automated cytological specimen classification system and method 4,965,443 awarded to Olympus Optical 10/90 250/201.7 Focus detection apparatus using neural network means 4,963,725 awarded to Rockwell International 10/90 250/201.9 Adaptive optical neural network [using holograms] 4,962,342 awarded to Synaptics 10/90 307/201 Dynamic synapse for neural network [using MOS transistors] 4,961,005 awarded to Michigan State University 10/90 307/201 Programmable neural circuit implementable in CMOS very large scale integration 4,961,002 awarded to Intel Corporation 10/90 307/201 Synapse cell employing dual gate transistor structure 4,959,532 awarded to Hughes Aircraft 09/90 250/201.9 Optical neural network and method [using phase conjugate mirrors] 4,958,939 awarded to Honeywell 09/90 382/35 Centering scheme for pattern recognition [in cameras] 4,956,564 awarded to Intel Corporation 09/90 307/201 Adaptive synapse cell providing both excitatory and inhibitory connections in an associative matrix 4,954,963 awarded to Texas Instruments 09/90 395/23 Neural network and system [for target recognition] 4,953,099 awarded to M.I.T. 08/90 395/24 Information discrimination cell 4,951,239 awarded to the United States Navy 08/90 364/807 Artificial neural network implementation 4,950,917 awarded to Intel Corporation 08/90 307/201 Semiconductor cell for neural network employing a four-quadrant multiplier 4,947,482 awarded to West Virginia University 08/90 364/807 State analog neural network and method of implementing same 4,945,494 awarded to Texas Instruments 07/90 395/23 Neural network and system 4,943,931 awarded to M.I.T. 07/90 395/27 Digital artificial neural processor 4,943,556 awarded to Harold Szu / United States Navy 07/90 505/1 Superconducting neural network computer and sensor array 4,941,122 awarded to Recognition Equipment 07/90 364/807 Neural network image processing system [for target recognition] 4,937,872 awarded to John Hopfield / ATT 06/90 381/43 Neural computation by time concentration 4,933,871 awarded to Duane DiSieno 06/90 395/23 Graded learning device and method 4,931,763 awarded to California Institute of Tech. 06/90 338/22SD Memory switches based on metal oxide thin films 4,931,674 awarded to United States Navy 06/90 307/529 Programmable analog voltage multiplier circuit means 4,926,180 awarded to Columbia University 05/90 341/159 Analog to digital conversion using correlated quantization and collective optimization 4,926,064 awarded to Syntonic Systems 05/90 307/201 Sleep refreshed memory for neural network 4,918,618 awarded to Analog Intelligence Corp 04/90 395/21 Discrete weight neural network 4,918,617 awarded to Oregon Graduate Center 04/90 395/21 Neural-model computational system with multi-directionally overlapping broadcast regions 4,914,708 awarded to Stephen Grossberg/ Boston Univ. 04/90 382/14 System for self-organization of stable category recognition codes for 4,914,603 awarded to GTE Laboratories 04/90 395/23 Training neural networks 4,912,655 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/23 Adjusting neural networks 4,912,654 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/23 Neural networks learning method 4,912,653 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/26 Trainable neural network 4,912,652 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/23 Fast neural network training 4,912,651 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/23 Speeding learning in neural networks 4,912,649 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/23 Accelerating learning in neural networks 4,912,647 awarded to GTE Laboratories 03/90 395/26 Neural network training tool 4,906,865 awarded to Intel 02/90 307/353 Sample and hold circuit for temporal associations in a neural network 4,904,882 awarded to United States Navy 02/90 307/245 Superconducting optical switch 4,904,881 awarded to Intel 02/90 307/201 Exclusive-OR cell for neural network and the like 4,901,271 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 02/90 395/27 Computational network 4,897,811 awarded to Nestor 01/90 395/21 N-Dimensional coulomb neural network which provides for cumulative learning of internal representations 4,896,053 awarded to Robert Kesselring 01/90 307/201 Solitary wave circuit for neural network emulation 4,893,255 awarded to Analog Intelligence Corporation 01/90 395/24 Spike transmission for neural networks 4,891,782 awarded to United States Army 01/90 364/786 Parallel neural network for a full binary adder 4,885,757 awarded to Texas Instruments 12/89 375/96 Digital adaptive receiver employing maximum-likelihood sequence estimation with neural networks 4,884,216 awarded to Michael Kuperstein 11/89 395/94 Neural network system for adaptive sensory-motor coordination of multijoint robots for single postures 4,876,731 awarded to NYNEX 10/89 382/40 Neural network model in pattern recognition using probabilistic contextual information 4,874,963 awarded to Bell Communications Research 10/89 307/201 Neuromorphic learning methods 4,873,455 awarded to Thomson-CSF 10/89 307/201 Programmable ferroelectric polymer neural network 4,866,645 awarded to North American Philips 09/89 364/602 Neural network with dynamic refresh capability 4,858,147 awarded to Unisys 08/89 395/27 Special purpose neurocomputer system for solving optimization problems 4,849,940 awarded to Washington Technology Center 07/89 365/215 Optical neural network memory 4,837,843 awarded to Hughes Aircraft 06/89 382/31 Hybrid optical and electronic associative memory 4,809,193 awarded to Alexander Jourjine 02/89 395/25 Microprocessor assemblies forming adaptive neural network 4,807,168 awarded to N.A.S.A. 02/89 395/27 Hybrid analog-digital associative neural network 4,804,250 awarded to U.S. Army 02/89 359/36 Optical processor for an adaptive pattern classifier 4,803,736 awarded to Stephen Grosseberg / Boston Univ. 02/89 382/22 Neural networks for machine vision 4,802,103 awarded to Synaptics 01/89 395/24 Brain learning and recognition emulation circuitry and method of 4,782,460 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 11/88 395/24 Computing apparatus comprising a programmable resistor 4,782,459 awarded to British Telecommunications 11/88 Adaptive recognizing device 4,773,024 awarded to Synaptics 09/88 395/20 Brain emulation circuit with reduced confusion 4,760,437 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 07/88 357/30 Neural networks 4,752,906 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 06/88 395/24 Temporal sequences with neural networks 4,737,929 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 04/88 395/27 Highly parallel computation network employing a binary-valued T matrix and single output amplifiers 4,731,747 awarded to ATT Bell Laboratories 03/88 395/24 Highly parallel computation network with normalized speed of response 4,730,259 awarded to Stephen Gallant 03/88 395/22 Matrix controlled expert system producible from examples 4,518,866 awarded to Psychologics 05/85 307/201 Method of and circuit for simulating neurons 4,326,259 awarded to Leon Cooper / Nestor Inc. 05/85 364/715.11 Self organizing general pattern class seperator and detector 4,254,474 awarded to Leon Cooper / Nestor Inc. 03/81 395/27 Information processing system using threshhold passive modification 4,044,243 awarded to Leon Cooper / Nestor Inc. 08/77 395/20 Information processing system 3,950,733 awarded to Leon Cooper / Nestor Inc. 04/76 395/24 Information processing system 3,934,231 awarded to Dendric Decisions 01/76 395/20 Adaptive boolean logic element 3,717,773 awarded to Wisconsin Alumni Research 02/73 307/201 Neuristor transmission line for actively propagating pulses 3,691,400 awarded to LTV Aerospace 09/72 307/201 Unijunction transistor artificial neuron 3,638,196 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 01/72 395/275 Learning machine 3,613,084 awarded to Bell Telephone Laboratories 10/71 395/27 Trainable digital apparatus 3,601,811 awarded to Matsushita Electric Industrial 08/71 395/27 Learning machine 3,599,009 awarded to Wisconsin Alumni Research 08/71 307/201 Neuristor transmission line, learning junction, and artificial neuron 3,597,625 awarded to Nippon Electric Company 08/71 307/41 Neuristor element employing bulk effect semiconductor devices 3,566,359 awarded to Melpar Inc. 02/71 395/20 Trainable computer module 3,562,502 awarded to Stanford Research Institute 02/71 395/27 Cellular threshold array for providing outputs representing a complex weighting functions of inputs 3,546,601 awarded to U.S. Navy 12/70 328/116 Neuronal event recognizer 3,535,693 awarded to Melpar Inc. 10/70 395/20 Trainable logical element having signal path solidification capabilities 3,533,072 awarded to I.B.M. 10/70 395/24 Adaptive logic system utilizing modification of output feedback in conditioning control loop 3,496,382 awarded to Aerojet General 02/70 307/201 Learning computer element 3,476,954 awarded to RCA Corporation 11/69 307/201 Electrical neuron circuit that includes an operational amplifier 3,453,602 awarded to Aerojet General 07/69 365/153 Electrochemical signal processing and storage device 3,435,422 awarded to Bell Aerospace 03/69 395/575 Self organizing system 3,430,203 awarded to Texas Instruments 02/69 395/24 Trainable decision system utilizing metal-oxide-semiconductor fielf effect transistors H000632 awarded to /89 359/107 Optical neuromorphic embodiments of self-regulating neural networks