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These notes refer to the VCE Examination held in November.
However they are of general interest to anyone preparing to
answer essay questions on Romeo & Juliet in any exam.
The VCE exam presents a compulsory Context Question (See
Other Notes - Context Question)
followed by a choice of two essay topics. The candidate must
answer ONE essay question only in the Shakespeare Section.
There is a 20% mark allocation for the essay so about 30
minutes should be allowed for answering this question.
Notes on approved essay techniques follow.
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You are advised to follow these steps in writing your answer.
1.
Quickly select the topic which seems best suited to the study
and preparation you have done. Usually this will be obvious.
If you have trouble choosing jot down rough notes about each
topic and see which one is easier to give information on.
2.
Check the question carefully underlining key words. Be 100%
sure that you know exactly what the examiner wants you to do.
Many essays are failed because they are off the topic although
the candidate has shown wide knowledge of the play.
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3.
Now plan your essay. It may seem that time is very short but
a well-planned essay will be written much more easily than one
where you are struggling to think of ideas as you write.
Any essay topic should fall naturally into some kind of logical
form or order. Try to allot one paragraph for each major point
you want to make.
For instance if you are asked to compare the Nurse and Friar
Lawrence a possible arrangement would be:
SIMILARITIES -both belong to the older generation; experienced
-both are trusted as advisers by their young friends
-both tend to be talkative
DIFFERENCES -FL is wiser more thoughtful
-Nurse is ignorant a source of bawdy humour
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PART IN THE PLAY - both are necessary to the plot (esp. FL);
contrasts to Romeo and Juliet; both finally seem weak letting
Juliet down.
CONCLUSION - They are similar in many ways and play similar
parts in the play although their natures are very different.
4.
As you plan try to think of quotations that are relevant to
your topic. Jot them down also. It doesn't matter if it is not
a long or complete quote but it should be fully relevant. You
won't get marks for writng down all the quotations from the
play that you have learnt - only those you use to back up some
point that you are making.
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Almost as good as a quotation is a precise example from the
text. The body of your essay should fall into the pattern of:
Point - Evidence - Point - Evidence etc.
If you can help it never make an unsupported statement.
Now let's try a sample essay topic.
I have made up one that deals with one of the major themes of
the play.
When he sees signs of the brawl in Act I scene i Romeo
exclaims 'Here's much to do with hate but more with love.'
Explain what he means and discuss the opposing ideas of love
and hate as presented in the play.
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This topic falls naturally into two parts:
- explain what Romeo means
- discuss LOVE/HATE
My plan follows.
<<<< ESSAY PLAN >>>>
PARA. 1 Explain that the fighting is caused because a family
loves and defends its own members.
PARA. 2 However this can lead to violent hate e.g. Tybalt/
L.Capulet
PARA. 3 Romantic love (Romeo & Juliet) /special/ideal
14
PARA. 4 Physical love e.g. servants violence/ Mercutio and
Nurse's bawdiness
PARA. 5 Apparent love of Juliet's parents turns to hate.
PARA. 6 CONCLUSION Many types of love/Love and Hate are never
far apart e.g. 'My only love sprung from my only hate'/Both
passionate emotions
MODEL ANSWER
At first sight Romeo's words are a paradox they contradict
each other. However on closer examination we can see his
real meaning.
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Model Answer (Cont.)
Obviously the signs of the fight which he can see are proof of
hate but how can they also show love?
The answer is that the two households are fighting because of
their love for each other. If not for family love there would
be no need to continue the feud.
One of Shakespeare's purposes was to show that Love and Hate
are closely related and the family love mentioned in the
previous paragraph can also lead to hate.
For example Tybalt defends the Capulet family honour by
reacting angrily against Romeo in the Party Scene) he exclaims
Now by the stock and honour of my kin
To strike him dead I hold it not a sin.
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Model Answer (Cont.)
Because he believes that Romeo has insulted his family he
seeks him out to avenge the insult provoking the tragedy of
the play.
Similarly Lady Capulet bears hate towards Romeo for killing
Tybalt a loved family member. Even Juliet 'hates' Romeo
briefly for this.
The strongest form of love in the play is the passionate and
romantic love between Romeo and Juliet. Their love is so strong
that it makes them special and sets them apart.
Because of their love neither of them is afraid to die and in
fact death is preferable to living without their partner.
Romeo even challenges death.
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Model Answer (Cont.)
Then love-devouring Death do what he dare
It is enough I may but call her mine. (IIvi)
Another indication of the pure and wonderful nature of their
love is the imagery of light used to describe it.
For example Romeo exclaims that
It is the East and Juliet is the sun! (IIii)
While she describes him as
Whiter than new snow upon a raven's back. (IIIii)
In contrast to the pure love of Romeo and Juliet is the more
physical idea of love presented by other characters.
For instance the servants in Act I scene i consider raping
the women of the opposing family.
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Model Answer (Cont.)
Mercutio and the Nurse also both see love in physical terms
leading to the string of bawdy jokes that each seems so fond
of. In fact the Nurse seems incapable of thinking about
Juliet's marriage without referring to the sexual side of it.
Another type of love shown in the play is parental love. For
example Romeo's mother dies of grief when he is banished.
Juliet's father also seems to love her referring to her as
...the hopeful lady of my earth (Iii)
However we see how close love can be to hate when he later
abuses her and threatens (IIIv) that she shall
...hang beg starve die in the streets
if she does not follow his wishes and marry Paris.
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Model Answer (Cont.)
What Shakespeare seems to be saying in 'Romeo and Juliet' is
that love and hate are similar emotions and that where there
is one the other is never far away. Both are passionate
emotions arousing extreme feeling in people such as the
'violent delights' of Romeo and Juliet's love.
However as Friar Lawrence warns such passion can lead to
'violent ends' exactly what happens to the two lovers.
Moreover love and hate can exist together such as when
Juliet realises Romeo's identity.
My only love sprung from my only hate! (Iv)
To return to Romeo's words quoted in the title we can agree
with him that love is as much to blame as hate when there is
fighting and violence.