Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/41.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 12KB | 331 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Cambod.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Cambodia"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Cambodia, click {z,"94.773068,5.328955,114.932580,20.657086",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand and Vietnam

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 181,040 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 176,520 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Oklahoma

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2,572 km
{3}border countries:{4} Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 443 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
contiguous zone: 24 nm
{3}continental shelf:{4} 200 nm
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} offshore islands and sections of the boundary with Vietnam are in dispute;
maritime boundary with Vietnam not defined; parts of border with Thailand in dispute; maritime
boundary with Thailand not clearly defined

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April);
little seasonal temperature variation

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
{3}lowest point:{4} Gulf of Thailand 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower
potential

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 16%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 1%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 3%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 76%
{3}other:{4} 4%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 920 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western
region along the border with Thailand are resulting in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in
particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); deforestation; soil
erosion; in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water

{2}natural hazards:{4} monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Marine Life Conservation, Ship Pollution; signed, but not
ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea,
Marine Dumping, Tropical Timber 94

{2}Geographic note:{4} a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 10,861,218 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 45% (male 2,505,998; female 2,432,620)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 51% (male 2,579,986; female 3,007,838)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 4% (male 143,759; female 191,017) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 2.77% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 43.5 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 15.78 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.86 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.75 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.93 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 107.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 49.86 years
{3}male:{4} 48.39 years
{3}female:{4} 51.39 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 5.81 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Cambodian(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Cambodian

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%

{2}Religions:{4} Theravada Buddhism 95%, other 5%

{2}Languages:{4} Khmer (official), French

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 35%
{3}male:{4} 48%
{3}female:{4} 22%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Kingdom of Cambodia
{3}conventional short form:{4} Cambodia
{3}local long form:{4} Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea
{3}local short form:{4} Kampuchea

{2}Type of government:{4} multiparty liberal democracy under a constitutional monarchy established in
September 1993

{2}Capital:{4} Phnom Penh

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 21 provinces (khett, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay,
Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot,
Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Phnum Penh, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu
(Sihanoukville), Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng,
Takev
{3}note:{4} a new province of Otdar Mean Cheay may have been created from parts of Banteay Mean
Cheay and Siem Reab

{2}Independence:{4} 9 November 1949 (from France)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 9 November 1949

{2}Constitution:{4} promulgated 21 September 1993

{2}Legal system:{4} currently being defined

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993) is a constitutional
monarch
{3}head of government:{4} power shared between First Prime Minister Prince Norodom RANARIDDH
(since NA 1993) and Second Prime Minister HUN SEN (since NA 1993) who were appointed by
the king
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers appointed by the king

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
National Assembly: members elected for five-year terms; elections last held 23 May 1993 (next to
be held NA 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) FUNCINPEC 58, CPP
51, Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party 10, Molinaka 1
{3}note:{4} the May 1993 elections were for the Constituent Assembly which became the National
Assembly after the new constitution was promulgated in September 1993

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court provided for by the constitution has not yet been established and
the future judicial system is yet to be defined by law

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and
Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC), Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH; Cambodian
Pracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party (CPP), CHEA SIM; Buddhist Liberal Democratic
Party, SON SANN faction; Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party, IENG MOULY faction; Democratic
Kampuchea (DK, also known as the Khmer Rouge), KHIEU SAMPHAN; Molinaka, PROM
NEAKAREACH

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACCT, AsDB, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, ITU,
Mekong Group, NAM, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WToO, WTrO (applicant)

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador VAR HUOTH
{3}chancery:{4} 4500 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Kenneth M. QUINN
{3}embassy:{4} 27 EO Street 240, Phnom Penh
{3}mailing address:{4} Box P, APO AP 96546
{3}telephone:{4} [855] (23) 426436, 426438
{3}FAX:{4} [855] (23) 426437

{2}Flag:{4} three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered
temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} The Cambodian economy - virtually destroyed by decades of war - is slowly
recovering. Government leaders are moving toward restoring fiscal and monetary discipline and
have established good working relations with international financial institutions. Growth, starting
from a low base, has been strong in 1991-95. Despite such positive developments, the
reconstruction effort faces many tough challenges because of the persistence of internal political
divisions and the related lack of confidence of foreign investors. Rural Cambodia, where 90% of
about 9.5 million Khmer live, remains mired in poverty. The almost total lack of basic
infrastructure in the countryside will hinder development and will contribute to a growing imbalance
in growth between urban and rural areas over the near term. Moreover, the government's lack of
experience in administering economic and technical assistance programs and rampant corruption
among officials will slow the growth of critical public sector investment. The decline of inflation
from the 1992 rate of more than 50% is one of the bright spots.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $7 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 6.7% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $660 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 52%
{3}industry:{4} 13.5%
{3}services:{4} 34.5% (1993)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 6% (1995 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 2.5 million to 3 million
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 80% (1988 est.)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} NA%

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $210 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $346 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1994 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 7.9% (1993 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 40,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 160 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 14 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} rice, rubber, corn, vegetables

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} key transshipment country for Golden Triangle heroin en route to West; possibly
becoming money-laundering center; high-level narcotics-related corruption in government, military,
and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of
cannabis

{2}Exports:{4} $240.7 million (1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} timber, rubber, soybeans, sesame
{3}partners:{4} Singapore, Japan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia

{2}Imports:{4} $630.5 million (1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} cigarettes, construction materials, petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles
{3}partners:{4} Singapore, Vietnam, Japan, Australia, Hong Kong, Indonesia

{2}External debt:{4} $383 million to OECD members (1993)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA
{3}note:{4} IMF pledged $120 million in aid for 1995-98

{2}Currency:{4} 1 new riel (CR) = 100 sen

{2}Exchange rates:{4} riels (CR) per US$1 - 2,585 (December 1994), 2,470 (December 1993), 2,800
(September 1992), 500 (December 1991), 560 (1990)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 603 km
narrow gauge: 603 km 1.000-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 34,100 km
{3}paved:{4} 3,000 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 31,100 km (1994 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} 3,700 km navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m; 282 km navigable to craft drawing
1.8 m

{2}Ports:{4} Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 5 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 17,451 GRT/18,280 DWT (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 14
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 2
{3}with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 7 (1995 est.)
Heliports: 2 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 7,000 (1981 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} service barely adequate for government requirements and virtually nonexistent
for general public
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} landline international service limited to Vietnam and other adjacent countries;
satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean Region)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1 (1986 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 70,000 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4}
Khmer Royal Armed Forces (KRAF): created in 1993 by the merger of the Cambodian People's
Armed Forces and the two noncommunist resistance armies; note - the KRAF is also known as
the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF)
Resistance forces: National Army of Democratic Kampuchea (Khmer Rouge)

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 2,336,606
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 1,302,234
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 79,514 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $85 million, 1.4% of GDP (1995)