Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/40.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 305 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Burun.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Burundi"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Burundi, click {z,"28.252798,-4.659126,31.740014,-1.967442",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Central Africa, east of Zaire

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 27,830 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 25,650 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly larger than Maryland

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 974 km
{3}border countries:{4} Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km, Zaire 233 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 0 km (landlocked)

{2}Maritime claims:{4} none (landlocked)

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} temperate; warm; occasional frost in uplands; dry season from June to September

{2}Terrain:{4} hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
{3}lowest point:{4} Lake Tanganyika 772 m
{3}highest point:{4} Mount Heha 2,760 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet
exploited), vanadium

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 43%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 8%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 35%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 2%
{3}other:{4} 12%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 720 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into
marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees
for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations

{2}natural hazards:{4} flooding, landslides

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Endangered Species; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban

{2}Geographic note:{4} landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 5,943,057 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 47% (male 1,404,375; female 1,398,228)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 50% (male 1,454,545; female 1,527,644)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 3% (male 62,955; female 95,310) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.54% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 43.02 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 15.15 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} -12.47 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
{3}note:{4} in a number of waves since October 1993, hundreds of thousands of refugees have fled the
civil strife between the Hutu and Tutsi factions in Burundi and crossed into Rwanda, Tanzania,
and Zaire; the refugee flows are continuing in 1996 as the ethnic violence persists

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.95 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.66 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 102.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 49.33 years
{3}male:{4} 48.28 years
{3}female:{4} 50.42 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 6.55 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Burundian(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Burundi

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4}
Africans: Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%
non-Africans: Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000

{2}Religions:{4} Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 32%, Muslim
1%

{2}Languages:{4} Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the
Bujumbura area)

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 35.3%
{3}male:{4} 49.3%
{3}female:{4} 22.5%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Burundi
{3}conventional short form:{4} Burundi
{3}local long form:{4} Republika y'u Burundi
{3}local short form:{4} Burundi

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Bujumbura

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 15 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega,
Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi

{2}Independence:{4} 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 1 July (1962)

{2}Constitution:{4} 13 March 1992; provides for establishment of a plural political system

{2}Legal system:{4} based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; does not accept
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} NA years of age; universal adult

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Sylvestre NTIBANTUNGANYA (acting president from 8 April 1994 to 30
September 1994, president since 1 October 1994); note - NTIBANTUNGANYA, in his capacity as
President of the National Assembly, became acting president upon the death of President Cyprien
NTARYAMIRE in an airplane crash on 6 April 1994; NTIBANTUNGANYA was sworn in on 1
October 1994 as president by the "Convention on Government" to serve a four year transitional
term
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Antoine NDUWAYO (since February 1995)
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers; appointed by prime minister

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale): election last held 29 June 1993 (next to be held NA);
results - FRODEBU 71%, UPRONA 21.4%; seats - (81 total) FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16; other
parties won too small shares of the vote to win seats in the assembly

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Unity for National Progress (UPRONA); Burundi Democratic Front
(FRODEBU); Organization of the People of Burundi (RBP); Socialist Party of Burundi (PSB);
People's Reconciliation Party (PRP); opposition parties, legalized in March 1992, include Burundi
African Alliance for the Salvation (ABASA); Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social
Development (RADDES); and Party for National Redress (PARENA)

{2}Other political or pressure groups:{4} NA

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-
77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol,
IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WToO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Severin NTAHOMVUKIYE
{3}chancery:{4} Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Charles YELLIN
{3}embassy:{4} Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura
{3}mailing address:{4} B. P. 1720, Bujumbura
{3}telephone:{4} [257] (2) 23454
{3}FAX:{4} [257] (2) 22926

{2}Flag:{4} divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist
side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed
stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country in an early stage of economic
development. The economy is predominately agricultural with roughly 90% of the population
dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which
accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore rests
largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. As part of its economic
reform agenda, launched in February 1991 with IMF and World Bank support, Burundi is trying to
diversify its agricultural exports, attract foreign investment in industry, and modernize government
budgetary practices. Since October 1993 the nation has suffered from massive ethnic-based
violence which has resulted in the death of perhaps 100,000 persons and the displacement of a
million others; production has fallen sharply, and an impoverished and disorganized government
can hardly implement these needed reform programs.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $4 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 2.7% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $600 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 54.1%
{3}industry:{4} 16.8%
{3}services:{4} 29.1% (1993 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 10% (1993 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 1.9 million (1983 est.)
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 93.0%, government 4.0%, industry and commerce 1.5%, services
1.5%

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} NA%

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $318 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $326 million, including capital expenditures of $150 million (1991 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported
components; public works construction; food processing

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 55,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 100 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 20 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc; meat, milk,
hides

{2}Exports:{4} $68 million (f.o.b., 1993)
{3}commodities:{4} coffee 81%, tea, cotton, hides
{3}partners:{4} EC 57%, US 19%, Asia 1%

{2}Imports:{4} $203 million (c.i.f., 1993)
{3}commodities:{4} capital goods 31%, petroleum products 15%, foodstuffs, consumer goods
{3}partners:{4} EC 45%, Asia 29%, US 2%

{2}External debt:{4} $1.05 billion (1994 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Burundi franc (FBu) = 100 centimes

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Burundi francs (FBu) per US$1 - 268.13 (November 1995), 252.66 (1994), 242.78
(1993), 208.30 (1992), 181.51 (1991), 171.26 (1990)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4} 0 km

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 14,473 km
{3}paved:{4} 1,028 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 13,445 km (1992 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} Lake Tanganyika

{2}Ports:{4} Bujumbura

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 3
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 2 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 7,200 (1987 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} primitive system
{3}domestic:{4} sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity
microwave radio relay
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1

{2}Televisions:{4} 4,500 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary Gendarmerie

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 1,312,458
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 683,073
males reach military age (16) annually: 67,990 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $25 million, 2.6% of GDP (1993)