Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/211.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 305 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Singapo.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Singapore"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Singapore, click {z,"95.985211,-1.680174,117.564452,14.871085",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 632.6 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 622.6 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC

{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 193 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as defined in treaties and practice
{3}territorial sea:{4} 3 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} two islands in dispute with Malaysia

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; hot, humid, rainy; no pronounced rainy or dry seasons; thunderstorms occur on
40% of all days (67% of days in April)

{2}Terrain:{4} lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature
preserve
{3}lowest point:{4} Singapore Strait 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Bukit Timah 166 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} fish, deepwater ports

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 4%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 7%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 0%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 5%
{3}other:{4} 84%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} industrial pollution; limited natural fresh water resources; limited land availability
presents waste disposal problems

{2}natural hazards:{4} NA

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear
Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution; signed, but not ratified - Climate Change

{2}Geographic note:{4} focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 3,396,924 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 22% (male 379,076; female 358,739)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 72% (male 1,220,131; female 1,219,412)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 6% (male 97,882; female 121,684) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.9% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 16.28 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 4.56 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 7.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.8 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 1 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 78.13 years
{3}male:{4} 75.07 years
{3}female:{4} 81.39 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 1.65 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Singaporean(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Singapore

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Chinese 76.4%, Malay 14.9%, Indian 6.4%, other 2.3%

{2}Religions:{4} Buddhist (Chinese), Muslim (Malays), Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Taoist, Confucianist

{2}Languages:{4} Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil (official), English (official)

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 91.1%
{3}male:{4} 95.9%
{3}female:{4} 86.3%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Singapore
{3}conventional short form:{4} Singapore

{2}Type of government:{4} republic within Commonwealth

{2}Capital:{4} Singapore

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} none

{2}Independence:{4} 9 August 1965 (from Malaysia)

{2}National holiday:{4} National Day, 9 August (1965)

{2}Constitution:{4} 3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore
Constitution)

{2}Legal system:{4} based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 20 years of age; universal and compulsory

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President ONG Teng Cheong (since 1 September 1993) was elected for a six-year
term by popular vote; election last held 28 August 1993 (next to be held NA August 1999); results
- ONG Teng Cheong was elected with 59% of the vote in the country's first popular election for
president
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister GOH Chok Tong (since 28 November 1990) and Deputy
Prime Ministers LEE Hsien Loong (since 28 November 1990) and Tony TAN Keng Yam (since 1
August 1995) were appointed by the president
{3}cabinet:{4} Cabinet was appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Parliament: elections last held 31 August 1991 (next to be held by 31 August 1996); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (81 total) PAP 77, SDP 3, WP 1

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court, chief justice is appointed by the president with the advice of the
prime minister, other judges are appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4}
government: People's Action Party (PAP), GOH Chok Tong, secretary general
opposition: Singapore Democratic Party (SDP), CHEE Soon Juan; Workers' Party (WP), J. B.
JEYARETNAM; National Solidarity Party (NSP), leader NA; Barisan Sosialis (BS, Socialist Front),
leader NA; Singapore People's Party (SPP), SIN Kek Tong

{2}International organization participation:{4} APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, G-77, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,
ISO, ITU, Mekong Group, NAM, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNIKOM, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Sellapan Rama NATHAN
{3}chancery:{4} 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Timothy A. CHORBA
{3}embassy:{4} 30 Hill Street, Singapore 0617
{3}mailing address:{4} FPO AP 96534
{3}telephone:{4} [65] 3380251
{3}FAX:{4} [65] 3384550

{2}Flag:{4} two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there
is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white
five-pointed stars arranged in a circle


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Singapore has an open entrepreneurial economy with strong service and
manufacturing sectors and excellent international trading links derived from its entrepot history.
The economy registered 8.9% growth in 1995, with prospects for 7%-8% growth in 1996. In 1995,
the manufacturing and financial and business services sectors led economic growth. Rising labor
costs continue to be a threat to Singapore's competitiveness, and the government's strategy to
address this problem includes increasing productivity, improving infrastructure, and encouraging
higher value-added industries. In applied technology, per capita output, investment, and labor
discipline, Singapore has key attributes of a developed country.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $66.1 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 8.9% (1995)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $22,900 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} NEGL%
{3}industry:{4} 28%
{3}services:{4} 72%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 1.7% (1995)

{2}Labor force:{4} 1.649 million (1994)
{3}by occupation:{4} financial, business, and other services 33.5%, manufacturing 25.6%, commerce
22.9%, construction 6.6%, other 11.4% (1994)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 2.6% (1995 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $17.3 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $12.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $4.5 billion (FY95/96 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} petroleum refining, electronics, oil drilling equipment, rubber processing and rubber
products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, entrepot trade, financial services,
biotechnology

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 10% (1995)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 4,510,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 17 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 5,590 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} rubber, copra, fruit, vegetables; poultry

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US, Western Europe, and the
Third World; also a money-laundering center

{2}Exports:{4} $119.6 billion (1995)
{3}commodities:{4} computer equipment, rubber and rubber products, petroleum products,
telecommunications equipment
{3}partners:{4} Malaysia 20%, US 19%, Hong Kong 9%, Japan 7%, Thailand 6% (1994)

{2}Imports:{4} $125.9 billion (1995)
{3}commodities:{4} aircraft, petroleum, chemicals, foodstuffs
{3}partners:{4} Japan 22%, Malaysia 16%, US 15%, Taiwan 4%, Saudi Arabia 4% (1994)

{2}External debt:{4} $3.2 million (1994)

{2}Economic aid:{4} $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Singapore dollar (S$) = 100 cents

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Singapore dollars (S$) per US$1 - 1.4214 (January 1996), 1.4174 (1995), 1.5274
(1994), 1.6158 (1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} 1 April - 31 March


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 38.6 km
narrow gauge: 38.6 km 1.000-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2,989 km
{3}paved:{4} 2,905 km (including 111.6 km of expressways)
{3}unpaved:{4} 84 km (1994 est.)

{2}Ports:{4} Singapore

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 646 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,915,788 GRT/20,292,580 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} bulk 110, cargo 118, chemical tanker 18, combination bulk 3, combination ore/oil 8,
container 92, liquefied gas tanker 13, multifunction large-load carrier 4, oil tanker 234, refrigerated
cargo 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 13, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 24
{3}note:{4} a flag of convenience registry; includes ships from 22 countries among which are Japan 39,
Hong Kong 27, Denmark 24, Germany 20, Sweden 14, Thailand 14, Belgium 12, Norway 9,
Indonesia 7, and US 7 (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 8
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 3
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 1.23 million (1993 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} good domestic facilities; good international service
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} submarine cables to Malaysia (Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), Indonesia, and the
Philippines; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean), and 1
Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean region)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 13, FM 4, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 2 (1987 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 1.05 million (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy, Air Force, People's Defense Force, Police Force

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 1,025,300
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 752,382 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $3.9 billion, 4.3% of GDP (1995 est.)