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{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\France.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Reunion"}
{4}(overseas department of France)
{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Reunion, click {z,"44.429646,-23.603218,59.082820,-12.330493",here}{4}!
{2}Location:{4} Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 2,510 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 2,500 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Rhode Island
{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km
{2}Coastline:{4} 201 km
{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm
{2}International disputes:{4} none
{2}Climate:{4} tropical, but moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy
from November to April
{2}Terrain:{4} mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
{3}lowest point:{4} Indian Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
{2}Natural resources:{4} fish, arable land
{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 16%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 3%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 5%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 35%
{3}other:{4} 41% (1993)
{2}Irrigated land:{4} 60 sq km (1989 est.)
{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} NA
{2}natural hazards:{4} periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the
southeastern coast is an active volcano
{2}international agreements:{4} NA
{1}People{4}
{2}Population:{4} 679,198 (July 1996 est.)
{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 32% (male 112,413; female 107,187)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 62% (male 207,386; female 214,308)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 6% (male 15,610; female 22,294) (July 1996 est.)
{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.93% (1996 est.)
{2}Birth rate:{4} 24.01 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)
{2}Death rate:{4} 4.75 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)
{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.7 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.98 male(s)/female (1996 est.)
{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 7.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)
{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 74.77 years
{3}male:{4} 71.71 years
{3}female:{4} 77.98 years (1996 est.)
{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 2.72 children born/woman (1996 est.)
{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Reunionese (singular and plural)
{3}adjective:{4} Reunionese
{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 94%, Hindu, Islam, Buddhist
{2}Languages:{4} French (official), Creole widely used
{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1982 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 79%
{3}male:{4} 76%
{3}female:{4} 80%
{1}Government{4}
{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Department of Reunion
{3}conventional short form:{4} Reunion
{3}local long form:{4} none
{3}local short form:{4} Ile de la Reunion
{2}Type of government:{4} overseas department of France
{2}Capital:{4} Saint-Denis
{2}Administrative divisions:{4} overseas department of France; there are no first-order divisions as
defined by the US Government but there are four arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47
cantons
{2}Independence:{4} none (overseas department of France)
{2}National holiday:{4} National Day, Taking of the Bastille, 14 July (1789)
{2}Constitution:{4} 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
{2}Legal system:{4} French law
{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal
{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President (of France) Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995) represented by
Prefect Pierre STEINMETZ (since NA) who was appointed by the French Ministry of the Interior
{3}head of government:{4} President of the General Council Christophe PAYET (since NA)
{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral General Council and unicameral Regional Council
General Council: elections last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote
by party NA; seats - (47 total) PCR 12, PS 12, UDF 11, RPR 5, others 7
Regional Council: elections last held 25 June 1993 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote
by party NA; seats - (45 total) UPF 17, Free-Dom Movement 13, PCR 9, PS 6
French Senate: elections last held 24 September 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of
vote by party NA; seats - (3 total) RPR 1, FRA 1, independent 1
French National Assembly: elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1998);
results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (5 total) PS 1, PCR 1, UPF 1, RPR 1, UDF-CDS 1
{2}Judicial branch:{4} Court of Appeals (Cour d'Appel)
{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Rally for the Republic (RPR), Alain DEFAUD; Union for French
Democracy (UDF), Gilbert GERARD; Communist Party of Reunion (PCR), Elie HOARAU; France-
Reunion Future (FRA), Andre THIEN AH KOON; Socialist Party (PS), Jean-Claude FRUTEAU;
Social Democrats (CDS), leader NA; Union for France (UPF - includes RPR and UDF); Free-Dom
Movement, Marguerite SUDRE
{2}International organization participation:{4} FZ, IOC, WFTU
{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4} none (overseas department of France)
{2}US diplomatic representation:{4} none (overseas department of France)
{2}Flag:{4} the flag of France is used
{1}Economy{4}
{2}Economic overview:{4} The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has
been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports.
The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high
unemployment, which recently amounted to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion
between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions.
The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the
population, often approaching European standards, whereas indigenous groups suffer the poverty
and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe
rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic
well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $2.9 billion (1995 est.)
{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 2.7% (1995 est.)
{2}GDP per capita:{4} $4,300 (1995 est.)
{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} NA%
{3}industry:{4} NA%
{3}services:{4} NA%
{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} NA%
{2}Labor force:{4} 242,169 (1993)
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 30%, industry 21%, services 49% (1981)
{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 35% (February 1991)
{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $NA
{3}expenditures:{4} $NA
{2}Industries:{4} sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items
{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%
{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 180,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 1 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 1,454 kWh (1993)
{2}Agriculture:{4} sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
{2}Exports:{4} $174 million (f.o.b., 1993)
{3}commodities:{4} sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
{3}partners:{4} France, Mauritius, Bahrain, South Africa, Italy, Madagascar
{2}Imports:{4} $2.08 billion (c.i.f., 1993)
{3}commodities:{4} manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation
equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
{3}partners:{4} France, Mauritius, Bahrain, South Africa, Italy, Madagascar
{2}External debt:{4} $NA
{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} substantial annual subsidies from France
{2}Currency:{4} 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
{2}Exchange rates:{4} French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.0056 (January 1996), 4.9915 (1995), 5.5520
(1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991)
{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year
{1}Transportation{4}
{2}Railways:{4} 0 km
{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2,784 km
{3}paved:{4} 2,187 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 597 km (1987 est.)
{2}Ports:{4} Le Port, Pointe des Galets
{2}Merchant marine:{4} none
{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)
{1}Communications{4}
{2}Telephones:{4} 191,647 (1993 est.)
{2}Telephone system:{4} adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis
{3}domestic:{4} modern open wire and microwave radio relay network
{3}international:{4} radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave
route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 3, FM 13, shortwave 0
{2}Radios:{4} 151,000 (1992 est.)
{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1 (repeaters 18)
{2}Televisions:{4} 116,181 (1992 est.)
{1}Defense{4}
{2}Branches:{4} French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 176,609
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 90,784
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 5,728 (1996 est.)
Defense note: defense is the responsibility of France