Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/139.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 9KB | 270 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Liechte.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Liechtenstein"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Liechtenstein, click {z,"6.175675,43.898931,12.539163,48.825445",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 160 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 160 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 78 km
{3}border countries:{4} Austria 37 km, Switzerland 41 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 0 km (landlocked)

{2}Maritime claims:{4} none (landlocked)

{2}International disputes:{4} claims 1,600 square kilometers of Czech territory confiscated from its royal
family in 1918; the Czech Republic insists that restitution does not go back before February 1948,
when the communists seized power

{2}Climate:{4} continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm,
cloudy, humid summers

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third
{3}lowest point:{4} Ruggleller Riet 430 m
{3}highest point:{4} Grauspitz 2,599 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} hydroelectric potential

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 25%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 0%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 38%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 19%
{3}other:{4} 18%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} NA

{2}natural hazards:{4} NA

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-
Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change, Endangered Species,
Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-
Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea

{2}Geographic note:{4} landlocked; variety of microclimatic variations based on elevation


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 31,122 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 19% (male 2,961; female 2,871)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 70% (male 10,775; female 11,113)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 11% (male 1,366; female 2,036) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.08% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 11.47 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 6.81 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 6.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.14 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.67 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.94 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 78.84 years
{3}male:{4} 75.92 years
{3}female:{4} 82.17 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 1.37 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Liechtensteiner(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Liechtenstein

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Alemannic 95%, Italian and other 5%

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 87.3%, Protestant 8.3%, unknown 1.6%, other 2.8% (1988)

{2}Languages:{4} German (official), Alemannic dialect

{2}Literacy:{4} age 10 and over can read and write (1981 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 100%
{3}male:{4} 100%
{3}female:{4} 100%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Principality of Liechtenstein
{3}conventional short form:{4} Liechtenstein
{3}local long form:{4} Furstentum Liechtenstein
{3}local short form:{4} Liechtenstein

{2}Type of government:{4} hereditary constitutional monarchy

{2}Capital:{4} Vaduz

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 11 communes (gemeinden, singular - gemeinde); Balzers, Eschen,
Gamprin, Mauren, Planken, Ruggell, Schaan, Schellenberg, Triesen, Triesenberg, Vaduz

{2}Independence:{4} 23 January 1719 (Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein established)

{2}National holiday:{4} Assumption Day, 15 August

{2}Constitution:{4} 5 October 1921

{2}Legal system:{4} local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

{2}Suffrage:{4} 20 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} Prince Hans ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, who is a hereditary monarch,
assumed executive powers 26 August 1984); Heir Apparent Prince ALOIS von und zu
Liechtenstein (born 11 June 1968)
{3}head of government:{4} Mario FRICK (since 15 December 1993) and Deputy Head of Government
Dr. Thomas BUECHEL (since 15 December 1993) were elected by the Landtag for a four-year
term and confirmed by the prince
{3}cabinet:{4} Cabinet was elected by the Diet; confirmed by the prince

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Diet (Landtag): elections last held on 24 October 1993 (next to be held by March 1997); results -
VU 50.1%, FBP 41.3%, FL 8.5%; seats - (25 total) VU 13, FBP 11, FL 1

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for criminal cases; Superior Court
(Obergericht) for civil cases

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Fatherland Union (VU), Dr. Oswald KRANTZ; Progressive Citizens'
Party (FBP), Otmar HASLER; The Free List (FL)

{2}International organization participation:{4} CE, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, IAEA, ICRM, IFRCS, Intelsat,
Interpol, IOC, ITU, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WCL, WIPO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4} Liechtenstein does not have an embassy in the US, but is
represented by the Swiss embassy in routine diplomatic matters

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4} the US does not have an embassy in Liechtenstein, but the US
Consul General at Zurich (Switzerland) has consular accreditation in Vaduz

{2}Flag:{4} two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a gold crown on the hoist side of the
blue band


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Despite its small size and limited natural resources, Liechtenstein has
developed into a prosperous, highly industrialized, free-enterprise economy with a vital service
sector and living standards on par with the urban areas of its large European neighbors. Low
business taxes - the maximum tax rate is 18% - and easy incorporation rules have induced about
25,000 holding or so-called letter box companies to establish nominal offices in Liechtenstein,
providing 30% of state revenues. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland
and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. Liechtenstein plans to join the European
Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between EFTA and EU) in 1995.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $630 million (1990 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $22,300 (1990 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} NA%
{3}industry:{4} NA%
{3}services:{4} NA%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 5.4% (1990)

{2}Labor force:{4} 20,000 of which 12,000 are foreigners; 6,885 commute from Austria and Switzerland
to work each day
{3}by occupation:{4} industry, trade, and building 48.1%, services 50.2%, agriculture, fishing, forestry,
and horticulture 1.7% (1993)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 0.9% (1995)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $455 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $442 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} electronics, metal manufacturing, textiles, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products,
precision instruments, tourism

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 23,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 150 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 5,230 kWh (1992)

{2}Agriculture:{4} vegetables, corn, wheat, potatoes, grapes; livestock

{2}Exports:{4} $1.636 billion (1993)
{3}commodities:{4} small specialty machinery, dental products, stamps, hardware, pottery
{3}partners:{4} EC countries 42.7%, EFTA countries 20.9% (Switzerland 15.4%), other 36.4% (1990)

{2}Imports:{4} $NA
{3}commodities:{4} machinery, metal goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles
{3}partners:{4} NA

{2}External debt:{4} $NA

{2}Economic aid:{4} none

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Swiss franc, franken, or franco (SwF) = 100 centimes, rappen, or centesimi

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.1810 (January 1996),
1.1825 (1995), 1.3677 (1994), 1.4776 (1993), 1.4062 (1992), 1.4340 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 18.5 km; note - owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways
standard gauge: 18.5 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified)

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 238 km
{3}paved:{4} 238 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 0 km (1986 est.)

{2}Ports:{4} none

{2}Airports:{4} none


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 18,916 (1993 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} limited, but sufficient automatic telephone system
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} linked to Swiss networks by cable and microwave radio relay

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
{3}note:{4} linked to Swiss networks

{2}Radios:{4} 11,000 (1993 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} NA
{3}note:{4} linked to Swiss networks

{2}Televisions:{4} 10,620 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}
Defense note: defense is the responsibility of Switzerland