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Axion 3D Atlas
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107.txt
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1998-01-23
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{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\USA.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Howland Island"}
{4}(territory of the US)
{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Howland Island, click {z,"-177.901768,-4.677535,-161.634174,7.805636",here}{4}!
{2}Location:{4} Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to
Australia
{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 1.6 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 1.6 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km
{2}Coastline:{4} 6.4 km
{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm
{2}International disputes:{4} none
{2}Climate:{4} equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
{2}Terrain:{4} low-lying, nearly level, sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef;
depressed central area
{3}lowest point:{4} Pacific Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} unnamed location 3 m
{2}Natural resources:{4} guano (deposits worked until late 1800s)
{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 0%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 0%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 0%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 5%
{3}other:{4} 95%
{2}Irrigated land:{4} 0 sq km
{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} no natural fresh water resources
{2}natural hazards:{4} the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
{2}international agreements:{4} NA
{2}Geographic note:{4} almost totally covered with grasses, prostrate vines, and low-growing shrubs;
small area of trees in the center; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds,
shorebirds, and marine wildlife; feral cats
{1}People{4}
{2}Population:{4} uninhabited; note - American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval
attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the
war; public entry is by special-use permit only and generally restricted to scientists and educators
{1}Government{4}
{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} none
{3}conventional short form:{4} Howland Island
{2}Type of government:{4} unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife
Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System
{2}Capital:{4} none; administered from Washington, DC
{2}Flag:{4} the flag of the US is used
{1}Economy{4}
{2}Economic overview:{4} no economic activity
{1}Transportation{4}
{2}Ports:{4} none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one boat landing area along the middle of the
west coast
{2}Airports:{4} airstrip constructed in 1937 for scheduled refueling stop on the round-the-world flight of
Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan - they left Lae, New Guinea, for Howland Island, but were never
seen again; the airstrip is no longer serviceable
Transportation note: Earhart Light is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast that was
partially destroyed during World War II, but has since been rebuilt; named in memory of famed
aviatrix Amelia Earhart
{1}Defense{4}
Defense note: defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard