home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
The World of Computer Software
/
World_Of_Computer_Software-02-387-Vol-3of3.iso
/
o
/
open4.zip
/
UNIVERSA
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1992-03-24
|
16KB
|
519 lines
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS HIV/HBV VIRUS INSERVICE PROGRAM
Precautions should be taken by all employees when in contact with
high risk body fluids which may transmit HBV or HIV virus.
High Risk Body Fluid:
* Blood or any body fluid containing blood
* Semen
* Vaginal secretions
* Wound drainage
Wash Hands:
* Before and after giving care to a resident
* After contact with high risk body fluids
* After removing gloves
Wear Gloves:
* If hands have small cuts, abrasions or are severely chapped
* When drawing blood or inserting an I.V needle
* If you may be exposed to high risk body fluids
* When handling items soiled with high risk body fluids
* Always change gloves between residents
Wear Gowns:
* If performing procedure's that may cause high risk body fluid's to
splash on skin or clothing.
Wear Goggles:
* If performing procedure's that may cause high risk body fluids
to splash in eyes.
Wear Masks:
* If performing procedure's that may cause high risk body fluids to
splash in mouth or nose.
Sharp Disposal:
* Used needle / syringes are placed directly into a disposable,
puncture proof container.
* Never recap, cut, bend or break used needles/ syringes.
page 2
AIDS
What is AIDS?
* Caused by a virus named Human Immunodeficiency Virus - HIV
* Infects the body and slowly damages the immune system
* Leaves the body susceptible to certain types of cancers and infections
Who is at risk?
* In Oct of 1989 the estimated total of people infected with
the HIV virus --has reached one million people in the U.S.A
* Not limited to gay and bisexual men with multiple partners
* Male and female IV drug users
* Male and female partners of people at risk for AIDS
* Infant born to mothers at risk
* People who received untested blood transfusions from donors at risk.
How is it spread?
* By sexual intercourse.
* By sharing dirty needles.
* By using untested blood products.
* By infected mothers to their children during birth.
* Not by casual contact.
What are the Symptoms of AIDS?
* Prolonged fatigue or general "unwell" feeling.
* Swollen glands lasting longer than three months
* Persistent fevers or night sweats.
* Unexplained weigh loss.
* Unusual red or purple skin spots that don't go away.
* Persistent dry cough with difficulty breathing.
* Thick white coating on the tongue.
* Easy bruising or bleeding.
Adapted from: Aids and Aids-related conditions:
Screening for population at risk.
Nurse-Practitioner; The American Journal of Primary Health Care.
page 3
ì
AIDS PRE-TEST
CHECK ONE ------ TRUE/ FALSE :
1. PEOPLE GET AIDS BY DONATING BLOOD. TRUE ___ FALSE __
2. MOSQUITOES SPREAD AIDS. TRUE ___ FALSE __
3. HAVING SEX WITHOUT A CONDOM IS OK IF
THE OTHER PERSON LOOKS HEALTHY. TRUE ___ FALSE __
4. IF YOU TEST POSITIVE ON AIDS ANTIBODY
TEST, THAT MEANS YOU HAVE AIDS. TRUE ___ FALSE __
5. CHILDREN HAVE GOTTEN AIDS FROM CLASSMATES. TRUE ___ FALSE __
6. YOU CAN GET AIDS FROM HUGGING OR SHAKING
HANDS WITH SOMEONE WHO HAS IT. TRUE ___ FALSE __
7. BLEACH,ALCOHOL,SOAP AND HOT WATER WILL
ALL KILL THE AIDS VIRUS OUTSIDE THE BODY. TRUE ___ FALSE __
8. A PREGNANT WOMAN INFECTED WITH THE AIDS
VIRUS CAN PASS IT TO HER UNBORN CHILD. TRUE ___ FALSE __
9. MEN AND WOMEN CAN INFECT EACH OTHER WITH
THE AIDS VIRUS DURING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. TRUE ___ FALSE __
10. SOMEONE CAN BE INFECTED WITH THE AIDS
VIRUS WITHOUT KNOWING IT. TRUE ___ FALSE __
PLEASE CHECK ALL THE WAYS PEOPLE CAN PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM AIDS.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
USING CONDOMS FOR SEX ____
CLEANING I.V. NEEDLES WITH BLEACH _____
WEARING GLOVES WHEN WORKING WITH BLOOD _____
LEARNING MORE ABOUT AIDS _____
USING TOILET SEAT COVERS _________
AVOIDING HOT TUBS _________
GETTING VACCINATED _________
PAGE 4
DEFINITIONS
AIDS- ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME:
PRESENCE OF HIV ENCEPHALOPATHY, HIV WASTING SYNDROME AND/OR RELIABLY
DIAGNOSED DISEASE AT LEAST MODERATELY INDICATIVE OF UNDERLYING CELLULAR
IMMUNODEFICIENCY e.g. PNEUMOCYSTIS, CARINII PNEUMONIA, KAPOSI'S SARCOMA,
CNS LYMPHOMA OCCURRING IN A PERSON WITH NO KNOWN CAUSE OF UNDERLYING
REDUCED RESISTANCE TO THE DISEASE OTHER THAN THAT DUE TO HIV INFECTION
e.g. IMMUNOSUPPRESIVE THERAPY, HODGKIN DISEASE.
REVISED CDC SURVEILLANCE DEFINITION.
ARC- AIDS RELATED COMPLEX :
DISEASE CONDITION CAUSED BY INFECTION WITH HIV, EXCLUDING OPPORTUNISTIC
INFECTIONS AND MALIGNANCIES RESULTING IN A DIAGNOSIS OF AIDS.
CLINICAL FEATURES MAY INCLUDE: FEVER, WEIGHT LOSS, LYMPHADENOPATHY,
PERSISTENT DIRRHEA, EXTREME FATIGUE, NIGHT SWEATS, LABORATORY ABNORMALITIES
MAY INCLUDE: LOWERED TOTAL NUMBER OF HELPER T-CELLS, LOWERED HELPER
SUPPRESSOR RATIO, ELEVATED SERUM GLOBULINS, PANCYTOPENIA, ANEMIA TO SKIN
TESTS.
HIV - HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS :
THE INTERNATIONALLY ACCEPTED NAME FOR THE RETRO VIRUS ASSUME TO CAUSE
AIDS/ARC; FORMERLY LABELLED HTLV-III, LAV AND ARC.
HIV INFECTION :
INFECTION CAUSED BY THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS. THE DISEASE
CONTINUUM CAN RANGE FROM AN A SYMPTOMATIC CARRIER STATE TO VARIOUS LEVELS
OF CELLULAR IMMUNE SYSTEM AND/OR NEUROLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT CAUSING SYMPTOMS
OF ARC OR THE ONSET OF OPPORTUNISTIC DISEASES RESULTING IN A DIAGNOSIS
OF AIDS.
SERO POSITIVITY:
THE PRESENCE OF ANTIBODIES IN THE BLOODSTREAM AFTER EXPOSURE TO HIV.
NAME ____________________
DATE _____________________ PAGE 5
AIDS POST-TEST
CHECK ONE ------ TRUE/ FALSE :
1. PEOPLE GET AIDS BY DONATING BLOOD. TRUE ___ FALSE __
2. MOSQUITOES SPREAD AIDS. TRUE ___ FALSE __
3. HAVING SEX WITHOUT A CONDOM IS OK IF
THE OTHER PERSON LOOKS HEALTHY. TRUE ___ FALSE __
4. IF YOU TEST POSITIVE ON AIDS ANTIBODY
TEST, THAT MEANS YOU HAVE AIDS. TRUE ___ FALSE __
5. CHILDREN HAVE GOTTEN AIDS FROM CLASSMATES. TRUE ___ FALSE __
6. YOU CAN GET AIDS FROM HUGGING OR SHAKING
HANDS WITH SOMEONE WHO HAS IT. TRUE ___ FALSE __
7. BLEACH,ALCOHOL,SOAP AND HOT WATER WILL
ALL KILL THE AIDS VIRUS OUTSIDE THE BODY. TRUE ___ FALSE __
8. A PREGNANT WOMAN INFECTED WITH THE AIDS
VIRUS CAN PASS IT TO HER UNBORN CHILD. TRUE ___ FALSE __
9. MEN AND WOMEN CAN INFECT EACH OTHER WITH
THE AIDS VIRUS DURING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE. TRUE ___ FALSE __
10. SOMEONE CAN BE INFECTED WITH THE AIDS
VIRUS WITHOUT KNOWING IT. TRUE ___ FALSE __
PLEASE CHECK ALL THE WAYS PEOPLE CAN PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM AIDS.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
USING CONDOMS FOR SEX ____ USING TOILET SEATS COVERS ____
CLEANING I.V. NEEDLES WITH BLEACH _____ AVOIDING HOT TUBS _____
LEARNING MORE ABOUT AIDS _____ GETTING VACCINATED _____
WEARING GLOVES WHEN WORKING WITH BLOOD ___
_______________________________________________________________________________
PLEASE RATE THIS EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON A SCALE FROM 1-10
1 - MEANING A WASTE OF TIME ----------------- 10- EXTREMELY HELPFUL
PLEASE CHECK OFF ONE NUMBER:
1____2____3____4____5____6____7____8____9____10_____
COMMENTS:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
PAGE 6
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
PART TWO
_______________________________________
AIDS AND HEPATITIS B PREVENTION FOR
HEALTH CARE WORKERS
_______________________________________________________________________________
MANY HEALTH CARE WORKERS TODAY ARE CONCERNED ABOUT GETTING AIDS OR HEPATITIS B
ON THE JOB. FORTUNATELY,HOWEVER,MUCH CAN BE DONE TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF
THESE TWO DISEASES IN THE WORKPLACE.
IN 1987, THE FEDERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
ANNOUNCED IT'S INTENTION TO CONDUCT TARGETED INSPECTIONS AND HOLD HEALTH CARE
EMPLOYERS LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR COMPLYING WITH THEIR GENERAL DUTY OBLIGATION
TO "PROVIDE A WORKPLACE FREE FROM RECOGNIZED HAZARDS LIKELY TO CAUSE DEATH OR
SERIOUS PHYSICAL HARM." OSHA IS PART OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
OSHA CONSIDERS THE HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND THE VIRUS THAT CAUSES AIDS
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, OR HIV RECOGNIZED HAZARDS.
THUS, ALL HEALTH CARE EMPLOYERS ARE LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR CONTROLLING
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE TO THE HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND THE AIDS VIRUS.
THE CENTER'S FOR DISEASE CONTROL (CDC) IS PART OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
AND HUMAN SERVICES AND THEE ACKNOWLEDGED EXPERT ON THE SPREAD AND CONTROL OF
HIV AND HBV IN THE WORKPLACE. IN 1987 AND 1988, CDC PUBLISHED A SET OF GUIDE
LINES CALLED UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS. CDC'S UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS----
* IDENTIFY SOURCES OF HIV AND HBV IN THE WORKPLACE,
* SPECIFY WHAT PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED TO PREVENT
EXPOSURE TO THESE BLOOD-BORNE VIRUSES,AND
* DESCRIBE SAFE WORK PRACTICES.
BECAUSE HEALTH CARE WORKERS MAY NOT KNOW WHO IS CARRYING HIV OR HBV, UNIVERSAL
PRECAUTIONS APPLY TO ALL PATIENT AND TO ALL BLOOD AND OTHER RECOGNIZED SOURCES
OF INFECTION IN THEE WORKPLACE.
OSHA IS RELYING ON CDC'S UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS AS AN ACCEPTED STANDARD OF
PROTECTION FOR EMPLOYEES TO FOLLOW IN CARRYING OUT THEIR LEGAL
RESPONSIBILITIES AS SET FORTH IN THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF
1970. IN ADDITION,OSHA HAS ISSUED A COMPLIANCE DIRECTIVE THAT SERVES AS AN
OPERATIVE GUIDELINES FOR LEGAL COMPLIANCES WITH OSHA REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTROL
OF HIV AND HBV IN THE WORKPLACE.
IN ADDITION TO ELEMENTS REQUIRED BY OTHER OSHA REGULATIONS, OSHA 'S
COMPLIANCE DIRECTIVE REQUIRES EVERY HEALTH CARE EMPLOYER TO ADDRESS THE
FOLLOWING IN THEIR INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM.
PAGE 7
* INFORMATION AND TRAINING COVERING HBV,HIV, TRANSMISSION MODES,AND
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS.
* MONITORING FOR COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIRED WORK PRACTICES FOR CONTROLLING
HIV AND HBV IN THE WORKPLACE, AND SYSTEM OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS OR
DISCIPLINARY RESPONSES APPLICABLE WHEN CONDITIONS OF NONCOMPLIANCE
ARE OBSERVED
* PROCEDURES FOR MAKING HBV VACCINATION AND MEDICAL COUNSELING AVAILABLE
* COMPLIANCE WITH UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS AND OSHA GENERAL STANDARDS FOR
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT,HOUSEKEEPING,SANITATION AND WASTE DISPOSAL
AND USE OF ACCIDENT PREVENTION SIGNS AND TAGS.
BECAUSE EMPLOYEE INFORMATION AND TRAINING IS KEY TO THE SUCCESS OF EVERY
INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM, OSHA 'S COMPLIANCE DIRECTIVE SETS FORTH SPECIFIC
REQUIREMENTS FOR HIV/HBV TRAINING PROGRAMS.
THIS TRAINING PROGRAM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED TO HELP MEET THOSE REQUIREMENTS.
SELF-EVALUATION POST TEST
DIRECTIONS: CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER TO EACH QUESTION. THERE IS ONLY
ONE CORRECT ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTION.
1. WHICH AGENCIES IN THE U.S GOVERNMENT WORK TO PROTECT YOU FROM
BLOOD-BORNE VIRUSES?
A) OSHA-OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION AND CDC
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL.
B) NIH -NATIONAL INSTITUTES ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES.
C) CDC AND NEH - NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES.
D) NEH AND OSHA
PAGE 8
2. WHICH VIRUSES ARE THE GREATEST DANGER TO HEALTH CARE WORKERS?
A) TUBERCULOSIS AND HEPATITIS B VIRUS HBV
B) HEPATITIS B VIRUS -HBV AND HEPATITIS A
C) HEPATITIS A VIRUS AND IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS HIV
D) HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS HIV AND HEPATITIS B HBV
3. WHICH ORGAN IS HARMED BY HEPATITIS B ?
A) HEART
B) LUNG
C) LIVER
D) PANCREAS
4. DO ALL PEOPLE WHO GET HBV INFECTIONS EXPERIENCE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS?
A) YES
B) NO
5. IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, ABOUT HOW MANY PEOPLE GET HBV
INFECTIONS EACH YEAR?
A) 7,000
B) 12,000
C) 15,000
D) 300,000
_______________________________________________________________________________
PLEASE RATE THIS EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON A SCALE FROM 1-10
1 - MEANING A WASTE OF TIME ----------------- 10- EXTREMELY HELPFUL
PLEASE CHECK OFF ONE NUMBER:
1____2____3____4____5____6____7____8____9____10_____
COMMENTS:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
THANK YOU