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CULVERT.TXT
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1985-09-09
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CULVERT.TXT
CULVERT DOCUMENTATION: CULVERT program written in house with some
reference to "Hydraulic Analysis of Circular Culverts" (BPR Program
HY-1) dtd. September, 1967.
1. ENTER OPTION?
1. Horizontal Ellipse
2. Low Profile Arch (open bottom)
3. High Profile Arch (open bottom)
4. Pear Shape
5. Circular Shape, Metal
6. Circular Shape, Concrete
2. DO YOU WANT PRINTOUT ON (SCREEN=0 PRINTER=1 BOTH=2)
With the SCREEN option, everything will be displayed on the screen
therefore no hard copy will be obtained.
With the PRINTER option, there would be no display of the output on
the screen, therefore reference must be made to the printout in
order to run the Water Surface Profile and the Headwater
computations.
With the BOTH option, output will be displayed on the screen so
Water Surface Profile and the Headwater computation could be
performed without any reference to the printout.
3. ENTER DISCHARGE? (in cfs)
4. ENTER SLOPE? (in ft./ft.)
5. ENTER DEPTH OF MATERIAL? (in ft.)
Type a value for the depth of material if invert of pipe is buried
below the flowline.
Type 0 if not buried.
6. ENTER MANNING'S ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT N OR 0?
If 0 is entered then program will calculate "N" based on equation
from FHWA publication (only for metal pipes).
P.C.'s OUTPUT: (EXAMPLE)
***** CIRCULAR SHAPE, METAL *****
OPTION =5 DISCHARGE = 350.00cfs SLOPE=0.00500
MANNING'S ROUGHNESS COFFICIENT = 0.024 DEPTH OF MATERIAL = 0
7. IS DATA CORRECT? YES=0 NO=1
If NO, type 1 - will repeat all previous questions.
8. ENTER DIAMETER (ft.)?
For this example - use 7 ft.
9. IS DATA CORRECT? YES = 0 NO = 1
If NO, type 1 - will ask for new diameter.
P.C.'s OUTPUT
0.025 * RISE = 6.48
TOTAL AREA = 38.48 SQ. FT. TOTAL PERIMETER = 21.99 FT.
CRITICAL DEPTH = 5.12 FT. VELOCITY = 11.61 FT./SEC.
WETTED PER. = 14.36 FT. WATER WIDTH = 6.21 FT.
MANNING'S "N" = 0.024
NORMAL DEPTH = 7.00 FT. VELOCITY = 9.09 FT./SEC.
WETTED PER. = 21.99 FT. WATER WIDTH = 0.00 FT.
MANNING'S "N" = 0.024
10. NEED WATER WATER SURFACE PROFILE? YES = 0 NO = 1?
If yes, type 0 for partially full flow condition. This is
necessary for calculating the headwater.
If yes:
a. ENTER INITIAL DEPTH OVER FLOWLINE?
Means starting depth over flowline. Over flowline
specified because pipe invert can be buried and
therefore, the starting depth required is from the top
of the material. If not buried then the starting depth
is from the invert of the pipe. Please refer to
sub-critical and super-critical flow profiles to determine
initial depth.
b. ENTER FINAL DEPTH OVER FLOWLIN?
Please refer to sub-critical and super-critical
flow profiles.
c. ENTER INCREMENT?
Means depth increment to be used to go from the
initial depth to the final depth. The smaller the
depth increment, the more accurate the water surface
profile. It is recommended that a 0.10 ft. increment
be the smallest increment used unless in a very
critical area.
d. CORRECT DATA? YES = 0 NO = 1?
Gives opportunity to change wrong input or to change
the initial or final depth.
P.C.'s OUTPUT:
INITIAL DEPTH = 5.12 FINAL DEPTH = 7 INCREMENT = 0.1
DEPTH-FT VELOCITY DELTA X SUM OF X'S -FT HYD WET WAT "N"
(CONTROL IS: NEG=DOWNSTREAM; POS=UPSTREAM) RAD PER SURF
5.12 11.61 2.100 14.36 6.21 .024
5.22 11.38 0.49- 0.49- 2.109 14.58 6.10 .024
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
6.32 9.58 14.98- 87.93- 2.084 17.54 4.15 .024
6.42 9.47 16.35- 104.28- 2.065 17.89 3.87 .024
DEPTH EXCEEDS 0.925 * RISE THEREFORE FULL FLOW COND. EXISTS
NORMAL DEPTH= 7.00 FT VELOCITY= 9.09 FT/SEC
11. ENTER SELECTED FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET?
Type 6.32 assuming culvert to be 88 ft. long.
12. ENTER SELECTED VELOCITY AT THE INLET?
Type 9.58 assuming culvert to be 88 ft. long.
13. SELECTED DEPTH AND VELOCITY CORRECT? YES=0 NO=1
Type 1 (NO) then program will repeat questions ll through 13.
The selected depth and velocity will be displayed later if
headwater computation is desired.
If water surface profile crosses the normal depth then the
selected depth and the velocity at the inlet would be that
of the normal depth and normal velocity as printed above.
14. NEW?: SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER=5
DONE=6
After this message is printed out then:
The P.C. is waiting for a number from 1 thru 6. If #1 is typed
then the P.C. will ask for new diameter. If #2 is typed then P.C.
will ask for appropriate number for new option (Ellipse, Arch,
Pear, Circular Shape-Metal or Circular Shape-Concrete).
If #3 is typed then P.C. will ask for new discharge, slope,
manning's "n" and depth of material. If #4 is typed then P.C.
will ask for new initial depth, final depth and increment to run
on new Water Surface Profile. If #5 is typed then P.C. will ask
appropriate questions necessary to calculate headwater.
If #6 is typed the program execution will STOP.
FOR NO. 5 (HEADWATER), summary of hydraulics and size is printed
out.
15. FULL FLOW CONDITION YES = 0 NO = 1
This is the first question leading into the headwater
calculations.
If yes (type 0), means the pipe is flowing full.
If no (type 1), means the pipe is flowing partially full and
Water Surface Profile should have been run before proceeding
into headwater computations.
IF NO (type 1), then P.C. will print the selected depth and the
velocity as was input at the end of the Water Surface Profile
program.
a. FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET?
b. INLET VELOCITY?
Answer the above questions using the printed data for the
selected flow depth and velocity.
c. INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke)?
Inlet loss coefficients for each option will be displayed on
screen, choose for example 0.70 for "mitered" to embankment.
d. ENTER APPROACH VELOCITY? (in ft./sec.)
For the majority of times, zero should be entered. In
locations such as a county ditch with no overbank flow where
the opening of the culvert and the approach channel below the
design stage is approximately the same, then an average
velocity of approach is entered. A velocity head of approach
(V^2/2g) is subtracted out from the total head.
P.C.'s OUTPUT:
///// OUTLET CONTROL /////
SELECTED FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET 6.32
SELECTED VELOCITY AT THE INLET 9.58
FLOW DEPTH AT INLET =6.32 FEET
INLET VELOCITY =9.58 FT./SEC.
0.50 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, SQUARE EDGE - ALSO APRON
0.25 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, BEVEL (0.04D AT 45 DEGREES)
0.25 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, BEVEL (0.083D AT 33.7 DEGREES)
0.70 = MITERED TO EMBANKMENT, CIRCULAR, SQUARE EDGE
0.90 = PROJECTING THIN WALL, CORRUGATED METAL
INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke) = 0.7000
APPROACH VELOCITY = 0.00
IS DATA CORRECT? YES=0 NO = 1
OUTLET CONTROL HW FOR PARTIAL FLOW = 8.74 FEET
///// INLET CONTROL /////
The calculated headwater for outlet control of 8.74 ft. is based on
the inlet flowline.
e. 6 = MITERED TO EMBANKMENT, CIRCULAR, SQUARE EDGE
f. INLET TYPE
Enter the number (6 in this example) shown in part "e"
above.
P.C.'s OUTPUT
INLET TYPE = 6
MITERED TO EMBANKMENT
CIRCULAR,SQUARE EDGE
INLET CONTROL HW-PARTIALLY SUBMERGED 8.62 FEET
The inlet control headwater of 8.62 feet is compared to the outlet
control headwater of 8.74 feet and the worst (largest) one is chosen
i.e. the 8.74 feet as the final headwater.
g. NEW? SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER =5
DONE=6
This is a printed message.
This is a looping statement to give opportunity for new input
values in the specific area stated.
IF YES: (To the previous question of "FULL FLOW CONDITION?")
a. ENTER LENGTH OF CULVERT? (in ft.)
b. INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke)?
Inlet loss coefficient for each option will be displayed on
the screen, choose for example, 0.70 for "mitered to
embankment".
c. ENTER APPROACH VELOCITY? (in ft./sec.)
The majority of the time, zero should be entered. In locations
such as a county ditch with no overbank flow where the opening
of the culvert and the approach channel below the design stage
is approximately the same, then an average velocity is entered.
A velocity head of approach (V^2/2g) is subtracted out from the
total head.
d. ENTER LARGER VALUE (Dc+D)/2
Enter (Dc+D)/2 whichever is larger.
To this value, the total head is added.
P.C.'s OUTPUT
///// OUTLET CONTROL /////
LENGTH OF CULVERT = 88 FEET
INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT = 0.7000
APPROACH VELOCITY = 0.00 FT/SEC
FULL FLOW VELOCITY = 9.09 FT/SEC
(Dc+D)/2 = 6.06 FEET
INPUT VALUE (Dc+D)/2 OR TW = 6.06 FEET
OUTLET CONTROL HW FOR FULL FLOW = 8.74 FEET
///// INLET CONTROL /////
The calculated headwater for outlet control of 8.70 feet is
based on the inlet flowline.
e. INLET TYPE?
The program is looking for a number from 1 to 11 as before.
P.C.'s OUTPUT
Same output as before (for the same "INLET TYPE" number).
In the example, the headwater is 8.62 ft.
The inlet control headwater value of 8.62 ft. is compared with
the outlet control headwater value of 8.70 and the largest is
chosen, i.e. 8.7 ft.
f. NEW? SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER=5
DONE=6
NOTE: For other shape options, a similiar procedure as for circular
shape, metal pipe should be followed as in the above example.