CULVERT.TXT CULVERT DOCUMENTATION: CULVERT program written in house with some reference to "Hydraulic Analysis of Circular Culverts" (BPR Program HY-1) dtd. September, 1967. 1. ENTER OPTION? 1. Horizontal Ellipse 2. Low Profile Arch (open bottom) 3. High Profile Arch (open bottom) 4. Pear Shape 5. Circular Shape, Metal 6. Circular Shape, Concrete 2. DO YOU WANT PRINTOUT ON (SCREEN=0 PRINTER=1 BOTH=2) With the SCREEN option, everything will be displayed on the screen therefore no hard copy will be obtained. With the PRINTER option, there would be no display of the output on the screen, therefore reference must be made to the printout in order to run the Water Surface Profile and the Headwater computations. With the BOTH option, output will be displayed on the screen so Water Surface Profile and the Headwater computation could be performed without any reference to the printout. 3. ENTER DISCHARGE? (in cfs) 4. ENTER SLOPE? (in ft./ft.) 5. ENTER DEPTH OF MATERIAL? (in ft.) Type a value for the depth of material if invert of pipe is buried below the flowline. Type 0 if not buried. 6. ENTER MANNING'S ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENT N OR 0? If 0 is entered then program will calculate "N" based on equation from FHWA publication (only for metal pipes). P.C.'s OUTPUT: (EXAMPLE) ***** CIRCULAR SHAPE, METAL ***** OPTION =5 DISCHARGE = 350.00cfs SLOPE=0.00500 MANNING'S ROUGHNESS COFFICIENT = 0.024 DEPTH OF MATERIAL = 0 7. IS DATA CORRECT? YES=0 NO=1 If NO, type 1 - will repeat all previous questions. 8. ENTER DIAMETER (ft.)? For this example - use 7 ft. 9. IS DATA CORRECT? YES = 0 NO = 1 If NO, type 1 - will ask for new diameter. P.C.'s OUTPUT 0.025 * RISE = 6.48 TOTAL AREA = 38.48 SQ. FT. TOTAL PERIMETER = 21.99 FT. CRITICAL DEPTH = 5.12 FT. VELOCITY = 11.61 FT./SEC. WETTED PER. = 14.36 FT. WATER WIDTH = 6.21 FT. MANNING'S "N" = 0.024 NORMAL DEPTH = 7.00 FT. VELOCITY = 9.09 FT./SEC. WETTED PER. = 21.99 FT. WATER WIDTH = 0.00 FT. MANNING'S "N" = 0.024 10. NEED WATER WATER SURFACE PROFILE? YES = 0 NO = 1? If yes, type 0 for partially full flow condition. This is necessary for calculating the headwater. If yes: a. ENTER INITIAL DEPTH OVER FLOWLINE? Means starting depth over flowline. Over flowline specified because pipe invert can be buried and therefore, the starting depth required is from the top of the material. If not buried then the starting depth is from the invert of the pipe. Please refer to sub-critical and super-critical flow profiles to determine initial depth. b. ENTER FINAL DEPTH OVER FLOWLIN? Please refer to sub-critical and super-critical flow profiles. c. ENTER INCREMENT? Means depth increment to be used to go from the initial depth to the final depth. The smaller the depth increment, the more accurate the water surface profile. It is recommended that a 0.10 ft. increment be the smallest increment used unless in a very critical area. d. CORRECT DATA? YES = 0 NO = 1? Gives opportunity to change wrong input or to change the initial or final depth. P.C.'s OUTPUT: INITIAL DEPTH = 5.12 FINAL DEPTH = 7 INCREMENT = 0.1 DEPTH-FT VELOCITY DELTA X SUM OF X'S -FT HYD WET WAT "N" (CONTROL IS: NEG=DOWNSTREAM; POS=UPSTREAM) RAD PER SURF 5.12 11.61 2.100 14.36 6.21 .024 5.22 11.38 0.49- 0.49- 2.109 14.58 6.10 .024 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6.32 9.58 14.98- 87.93- 2.084 17.54 4.15 .024 6.42 9.47 16.35- 104.28- 2.065 17.89 3.87 .024 DEPTH EXCEEDS 0.925 * RISE THEREFORE FULL FLOW COND. EXISTS NORMAL DEPTH= 7.00 FT VELOCITY= 9.09 FT/SEC 11. ENTER SELECTED FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET? Type 6.32 assuming culvert to be 88 ft. long. 12. ENTER SELECTED VELOCITY AT THE INLET? Type 9.58 assuming culvert to be 88 ft. long. 13. SELECTED DEPTH AND VELOCITY CORRECT? YES=0 NO=1 Type 1 (NO) then program will repeat questions ll through 13. The selected depth and velocity will be displayed later if headwater computation is desired. If water surface profile crosses the normal depth then the selected depth and the velocity at the inlet would be that of the normal depth and normal velocity as printed above. 14. NEW?: SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER=5 DONE=6 After this message is printed out then: The P.C. is waiting for a number from 1 thru 6. If #1 is typed then the P.C. will ask for new diameter. If #2 is typed then P.C. will ask for appropriate number for new option (Ellipse, Arch, Pear, Circular Shape-Metal or Circular Shape-Concrete). If #3 is typed then P.C. will ask for new discharge, slope, manning's "n" and depth of material. If #4 is typed then P.C. will ask for new initial depth, final depth and increment to run on new Water Surface Profile. If #5 is typed then P.C. will ask appropriate questions necessary to calculate headwater. If #6 is typed the program execution will STOP. FOR NO. 5 (HEADWATER), summary of hydraulics and size is printed out. 15. FULL FLOW CONDITION YES = 0 NO = 1 This is the first question leading into the headwater calculations. If yes (type 0), means the pipe is flowing full. If no (type 1), means the pipe is flowing partially full and Water Surface Profile should have been run before proceeding into headwater computations. IF NO (type 1), then P.C. will print the selected depth and the velocity as was input at the end of the Water Surface Profile program. a. FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET? b. INLET VELOCITY? Answer the above questions using the printed data for the selected flow depth and velocity. c. INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke)? Inlet loss coefficients for each option will be displayed on screen, choose for example 0.70 for "mitered" to embankment. d. ENTER APPROACH VELOCITY? (in ft./sec.) For the majority of times, zero should be entered. In locations such as a county ditch with no overbank flow where the opening of the culvert and the approach channel below the design stage is approximately the same, then an average velocity of approach is entered. A velocity head of approach (V^2/2g) is subtracted out from the total head. P.C.'s OUTPUT: ///// OUTLET CONTROL ///// SELECTED FLOW DEPTH AT THE INLET 6.32 SELECTED VELOCITY AT THE INLET 9.58 FLOW DEPTH AT INLET =6.32 FEET INLET VELOCITY =9.58 FT./SEC. 0.50 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, SQUARE EDGE - ALSO APRON 0.25 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, BEVEL (0.04D AT 45 DEGREES) 0.25 = 90 DEGREE HEADWALL, BEVEL (0.083D AT 33.7 DEGREES) 0.70 = MITERED TO EMBANKMENT, CIRCULAR, SQUARE EDGE 0.90 = PROJECTING THIN WALL, CORRUGATED METAL INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke) = 0.7000 APPROACH VELOCITY = 0.00 IS DATA CORRECT? YES=0 NO = 1 OUTLET CONTROL HW FOR PARTIAL FLOW = 8.74 FEET ///// INLET CONTROL ///// The calculated headwater for outlet control of 8.74 ft. is based on the inlet flowline. e. 6 = MITERED TO EMBANKMENT, CIRCULAR, SQUARE EDGE f. INLET TYPE Enter the number (6 in this example) shown in part "e" above. P.C.'s OUTPUT INLET TYPE = 6 MITERED TO EMBANKMENT CIRCULAR,SQUARE EDGE INLET CONTROL HW-PARTIALLY SUBMERGED 8.62 FEET The inlet control headwater of 8.62 feet is compared to the outlet control headwater of 8.74 feet and the worst (largest) one is chosen i.e. the 8.74 feet as the final headwater. g. NEW? SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER =5 DONE=6 This is a printed message. This is a looping statement to give opportunity for new input values in the specific area stated. IF YES: (To the previous question of "FULL FLOW CONDITION?") a. ENTER LENGTH OF CULVERT? (in ft.) b. INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT (Ke)? Inlet loss coefficient for each option will be displayed on the screen, choose for example, 0.70 for "mitered to embankment". c. ENTER APPROACH VELOCITY? (in ft./sec.) The majority of the time, zero should be entered. In locations such as a county ditch with no overbank flow where the opening of the culvert and the approach channel below the design stage is approximately the same, then an average velocity is entered. A velocity head of approach (V^2/2g) is subtracted out from the total head. d. ENTER LARGER VALUE (Dc+D)/2 Enter (Dc+D)/2 whichever is larger. To this value, the total head is added. P.C.'s OUTPUT ///// OUTLET CONTROL ///// LENGTH OF CULVERT = 88 FEET INLET LOSS COEFFICIENT = 0.7000 APPROACH VELOCITY = 0.00 FT/SEC FULL FLOW VELOCITY = 9.09 FT/SEC (Dc+D)/2 = 6.06 FEET INPUT VALUE (Dc+D)/2 OR TW = 6.06 FEET OUTLET CONTROL HW FOR FULL FLOW = 8.74 FEET ///// INLET CONTROL ///// The calculated headwater for outlet control of 8.70 feet is based on the inlet flowline. e. INLET TYPE? The program is looking for a number from 1 to 11 as before. P.C.'s OUTPUT Same output as before (for the same "INLET TYPE" number). In the example, the headwater is 8.62 ft. The inlet control headwater value of 8.62 ft. is compared with the outlet control headwater value of 8.70 and the largest is chosen, i.e. 8.7 ft. f. NEW? SIZE=1 OPTION=2 HYDRAULICS=3 PROFILE=4 HEADWATER=5 DONE=6 NOTE: For other shape options, a similiar procedure as for circular shape, metal pipe should be followed as in the above example.