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CRYOGEN.TXT
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1989-04-09
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The austenitic stainless steels remain tough and ductile to very low
temperatures. Metals such as iron and constructional steels undergo a
marked decrease in ductility at lower temperatures.
Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels remain ductile to the lowest
temperature for which data are available.
COMMON CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES:
Environment Temp.- Degrees F
Liquid helium - 452
Liquid hydrogen - 423
Liquid nitrogen - 321
Liquid methane - 258
Solid carbon dioxide - 108
Liquid freon - 40
Water as ice 32
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON YOUNGS MODULUS
Room Temp. Modulus of Elasticity - ksi
Alloy Tensile - psi Room Temp. At -320°F
301 106,000 25.4 x 10-6 28.6 x 10-6
302 88,000 26.2 27.2
304 87,000 24.4 26.2
347 95,000 23.3 27.6
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES
Strength by Alloy Listed in ksi
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
32°F
Yield 42 42 38 28 35 40 40 40
Tensile 160 120 115 98 88 90 100 100
Elong. 60% 50% 60% 58% 50% 68% 58% 60%
Charpy key
hole notch 39 34 37 - 38 35 32 29
in ft. lb.
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
-40°F
Yield 44 43 40 30 40 45 45 45
Tensile 180 135 135 115 94 105 120 115
Elong. 40% 58% 55% 55% 70% 67% 55% 58%
Charpy key
hole notch No data
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
-108°F
Yield 50 58 45 35 48 57 50 50
Tensile 162 164 165 138 110 120 138 136
Elong. 52% 52% 48% 50% 78% 65% 53% 52%
Charpy key
hole notch 21 27 26 - 30 26 25 23
in ft. lb.
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
-258°F
Yield 62 62 55 40 62 73 58 50
Tensile 210 210 208 175 140 160 185 180
Elong. 44% 43% 42% 44% 90% 61% 47% 45%
Charpy key
hole notch 5.5 9.5 21 16 24 19 22 19
in ft. lb.
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
-321°F
Yield 55 62 57 45 75 80 60 52
Tensile 275 225 225 192 151 180 211 195
Elong. 30% 40% 38% 42% 93% 19% 22% 19%
Charpy key
hole notch No data
in ft. lb.
301 302 304 304L 310 316 321 347
-423°F
Yield - 62 69 50 96 93 68 65
Tensile - 258 250 220 180 230 248 230
Elong. - 38% 27% 41% 71% 55% 34% -
Charpy key
hole notch
ft. lb. - - - 19 - - - -