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- EMBARGOED UNTIL: 9:00 A.M. MST, January 11, 1995
- PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PRC95-01BW
-
- HUBBLE PROBES THE COMPLEX HISTORY OF A DYING STAR
-
- This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image shows one of the most complex
- planetary nebulae ever seen, NGC 6543, nicknamed the "Cat's Eye
- Nebula." Hubble reveals surprisingly intricate structures including
- concentric gas shells, jets of high-speed gas and unusual shock-induced
- knots of gas. Estimated to be 1,000 years old, the nebula is a visual
- "fossil record" of the dynamics and late evolution of a dying star.
-
- A preliminary interpretation suggests that the star might be a
- double-star system. The dynamical effects of two stars orbiting one
- another most easily explains the intricate structures, which are much
- more complicated than features seen in most planetary nebulae. (The
- two stars are too close together to be individually resolved by Hubble,
- and instead, appear as a single point of light at the center of the
- nebula.)
-
- According to this model, a fast "stellar wind" of gas blown off the
- central star created the elongated shell of dense, glowing gas. This
- structure is embedded inside two larger lobes of gas blown off the star
- at an earlier phase. These lobes are "pinched" by a ring of denser
- gas, presumably ejected along the orbital plane of the binary
- companion.
-
- The suspected companion star also might be responsible for a pair of
- high-speed jets of gas that lie at right angles to this equatorial
- ring. If the companion were pulling in material from a neighboring
- star, jets escaping along the companion's rotation axis could be
- produced.
-
- These jets would explain several puzzling features along the periphery
- of the gas lobes. Like a stream of water hitting a sand pile, the jets
- compress gas ahead of them, creating the "curlicue" features and bright
- arcs near the outer edge of the lobes. The twin jets are now pointing
- in different directions than these features. This suggests the jets
- are wobbling, or precessing, and turning on and off episodically.
-
- The image was taken with the Wide Field Planetary Camera-2 on September
- 18, 1994. NGC 6543 is 3,000 light-years away in the northern
- constellation Draco.
-
- The term planetary nebula is a misnomer; dying stars create these
- cocoons when they lose outer layers of gas. The process has nothing to
- do with planet formation, which is predicted to happen early in a
- star's life.
-
- This material was presented at the 185th meeting of the American
- Astronomical Society in Tucson, AZ on January 11, 1995.
-
- Credit: J.P. Harrington and K.J. Borkowski (University of Maryland),
- and NASA
-