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- EMBARGOED UNTIL: 2:00 PM EDT April 19, 1995
-
- CONTACT: Don Savage
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC
- (Phone: 202-358-1547)
-
- Tammy Jones
- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
- (Phone: 301-286-5566)
-
- Ray Villard
- Space Telescope Science Institute
- (Phone: 410-338-4514)
-
- PRESS RELEASE NO.: STScI-PR95-20
-
-
- ASTEROID OR MINI-PLANET?
- HUBBLE MAPS THE ANCIENT SURFACE OF VESTA
-
- NASA's Hubble Space Telescope images of the asteroid Vesta are
- providing astronomers with a glimpse of the oldest terrain ever seen
- in the solar system and a peek into a broken off section of the
- "mini-planet" that exposes its interior.
-
- Hubble's pictures provide the best view yet of Vesta's complex surface,
- with a geology similar to that of terrestrial worlds such as Earth or
- Mars. The asteroid's ancient surface, battered by collisions eons ago,
- allows astronomers to peer below the asteroid's crust and into the
- past.
-
- Astronomers also believe that fragments gouged out of Vesta during
- ancient collisions have fallen to Earth as meteorites, making Vesta
- only the fourth solar system object, other than Earth, the Moon and
- Mars, where scientists have a confirmed laboratory sample. (About
- 50-60 other meteorite types are suspected to have come from asteroids,
- but positive identifications are more difficult to make.)
-
- "The Hubble observations show that Vesta is far more interesting than
- simply a chunk of rock in space as most asteroids are," said Ben
- Zellner of Georgia Southern University. "This qualifies Vesta as the
- 'sixth' terrestrial planet."
-
- No bigger than the state of Arizona, Vesta offers new clues to the
- origin of the solar system and the interior makeup of the rocky
- planets. "Vesta has survived essentially intact since the formation of
- the planets," Zellner said. "It provides a record of the long and
- complex evolution of our solar system."
-
- Resolving features down to 50 miles across, Hubble reveals a
- surprisingly diverse world with an exposed mantle, ancient lava flows
- and impact basins. Though only 325 miles (525 kilometers) across, it
- once had a molten interior. This contradicts conventional ideas that
- asteroids essentially are cold, rocky fragments left behind from the
- early days of planetary formation.
-
- Besides providing scientists with direct samples, Vesta's chipped
- surface allows Hubble to study the asteroid's rocky mantle, giving
- scientists a unique opportunity to see what a planet looks like below
- the crust. "Our knowledge of the interior composition of the other
- terrestrial worlds, the Moon, Mars, Venus, Mercury and even Earth,
- depends heavily on theory and inference," Zellner said. "Vesta allows
- us to actually see the mantle and study pristine samples in our
- laboratories."
-
- Before these observations, only the smaller and less geologically
- diverse asteroids, Ida and Gaspra, have been observed in detail by the
- Jupiter-bound Galileo spacecraft. Unlike Vesta, these smaller objects
- are pieces torn off larger bodies by collisions that occurred perhaps
- only a few hundred million years ago.
-
- * * * * *
-
- The Space Telescope Science Institute is operated by the Association of
- Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) for NASA, under
- contract with the Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. The
- Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation
- between NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).
-
- NOTE TO EDITORS: Image files in GIF and JPEG format may be accessed on
- Internet via anonymous ftp from ftp.stsci.edu in /pubinfo:
-
- GIF JPEG
- Vesta 24 frames /pubinfo/gif/Vesta24.gif /pubinfo/jpeg/Vesta24.jpg
- Vesta Meteorite /pubinfo/gif/VestMet.gif /pubinfo/jpeg/VestMet.jpg
-
- The same images are available via World Wide Web from links in URL
- http://www.stsci.edu/public.html, or more directly from
- http://www.stsci.edu/Latest.html.
-
- A science backgrounder entitled "Asteroid or Mini-Planet? Hubble Maps
- the Ancient Surface of Vesta" is attached.
-