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CHAPTER4.4T
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à 4.4ïIntroduction to polynomials
äïPlease state the degree of the following polynomials.
âS
#2xÄ- 4xì+ 2x - 5ïhas a degree of 3.ë4xö- 2xì+ 15 has a degree of 9.
éS
The degree of a polynomial with just one variable is the highest
exponent that occurs.
#The highest exponent in the polynomial 4xö- 2xì+ 15, is 9, so the degree
is 9.
The degree of a polynomial with more than one variable is the highest
sum of exponents that occurs considering the terms one at a time.
#The polynomial, 2xÅyÄ - xìyì+ yÉ, has three terms.ïThe first, 2xÅyÄ has
#a degree seven, the second term -xìyì has a degree of four, and the last
term has a degree of five.ïSince the highest sum of exponents is 7, the
degree of the polynomial is 7.
1
#êêëState the degree of 4xæ- 27xÄ+ 9
ïA)ï27êë B)ï6êëC)ï9êëD) å of ç
ü
êêêë The degree is 6.
Ç B
2
#êêëState the degree of 24xîÉ- xì- 3x + 5
ïA)ï24êë B)ï16êè C)ï15êè D) å of ç
ü
êêêë The degree is 15.
Ç C
3
#êêëState the degree of 2xìyìzì- xÉ+ xÄyì+ 4.
ïA)ï5êêB)ï8êëC)ï6êëD) å of ç
ü
êè Since 2+2+2 is the higest sum of the exponents, the degree
êêêêè is six.
Ç C
4
#êêëState the degree of 2xìyÄ- 4xìyì+ 2xÄyÅ.
ïA)ï7êêB)ï5êëC)ï-4êè D) å of ç
ü
êè The higest sum of exponents is 3+4 =7.ïThe degree is
êêêê therefore seven.
Ç A
äïPlease indicate whether each polynomial is a monomial,
êêbinomial, trinomial, or none of ç.
âS
#ë23xÅêêêï2x - 3êêè 3xì- 4x + 5
is a monomialêê is a binomialêë is a trinomial
éS
Polynomial terms are seperated by either the addition operation or the
subtraction operation.ïIf the number of terms in a polynomial is three,
it is called a trinomial.ïIf it has two terms it is called a binomial,
and a one term polynomial is a monomial.
#Since the polynomial 3xì- 4x + 5, has three terms, it is a trinomial.
#2x - 3 is a binomial, and 23xÅ is a monomial.
5
#êêë Indicate whether 42xÆ- 23xì+ y is a
êêïmonomial, binomial, trinomial, or neither.
èA)ïmonomialêB) binomialë C) trinomialë D) neither
ü
#êïSince 42xÆ-23xì+ y has three terms it is a trinomial.
Ç C
6
#êêêè Indicate whether 42xöis a
êêïmonomial, binomial, trinomial, or neither.
èA)ïmonomialêB) binomialë C) trinomialë D) neither
ü
#êêSince 42xö has one term it is a monomial.
Ç A
7
#êêïIndicate whether xÉ- 2xÅ+ 3xì+ x - 5 is a
êêïmonomial, binomial, trinomial, or neither.
èA)ïmonomialêB) binomialë C) trinomialë D) neither
ü
#êïSince xÉ- 2xÅ+ 3xì + x - 5 has five terms it is neither. It
êêê is just called a polynomial.
Ç D
äïPlease add like terms in each polynomial and write answers
êêin descending powers of the variable.
â
#êêê 2xì+ 5xì- 3x + 4xè=è7xì+ x
éS
Terms in a polynomial are called like terms if they have the same
variables raised to the same powers.ïThe following are examples of like
terms.
#ê2xÄ and -5xÄ,è -4x and -2x,è 4 and 27,è -2xìy and 5xìy
#To simplify an expression such as, 3x + 2xì- 4x + 7xì, first group like
terms and then combine them.
#êë(3x - 4x)+(2xì+ 7xì)è=è-x + 9xì
#êèFinally arrange in descending powers of x.ë9xì- x
8
#êêê Simplify 3yÄ+ 2yì- 2yÄ+ 4yì.
#ïA)ï5yÄ+ 2yìë B)ïyÄ+ 6yìë C)ï5yÄ- 4yìë D) å of ç
ü
#êï3yÄ+ 2yì- 2yÄ+ 4yì =ï(3yÄ- 2yÄ) + (2yì+ 4yì)ï=ïyÄ + 6yì
Ç B
9
#êêê Simplify 4aÅ+ 5aÅ- 7bì+ 6bì+ 8bì
#ïA)ï9aÅ+ 7bìë B)ïaÅ- 6bìë C)ï5aÅ+ bìêD) å of ç
ü
#êêè 4aÅ+ 5aÅ- 7bì+ 6bì+ 8bìï=è9aÅ +ï7bì
Ç A
10
#êêêèAddï4xì- 3x and 3xì+ 2x
#ïA)ï3xì+ 4xêB)ï7xì- xêC)ï6xì+ 4xêD) å of ç
ü
#ë (4xì-3x) + (3xì+ 2x)ï=ï(4xì+ 3xì) + (-3x + 2x)ï=ï7xì- x
Ç B
11
#êêëSubtract (4rì+ 5r) - (2rì+ 3r)
#ïA)ï3rì- 2rêB)ï4rì+ 3rë C)ï2rì+ 2rêD) å of ç
ü
#ë (4rì+ 5r) - (2rì+ 3r)ï=ï(4rì- 2rì) + (5r - 3r)ï=ï2rì+ 2r
Ç C
12
#êê2xì- 3x + 4êïA)ïxì - 4x + 7ë B)ï12xì+ 3x - 3
#ëAddë 3xì+ 2x - 5
#êê7xì+ 4x - 2êïC)ïxì- 3x + 8ë D)ïå of ç
êê────────────
ü
#êêêê 2xì- 3x + 4
#êêêê 3xì+ 2x - 5
#êêêê 7xì+ 4x - 2
êêêê────────────
#êêêê12xì+ 3x - 3
Ç B
13
#êë Simplify (2aì+ 2a - 5) + (a - 3) - (aì+ 3a - 6)
#ïA)ïaì- 2êB)ï2aì- 3a + 4ëC)ï3aì- 2a + 4è D) å of thes
ü
#êêë(2aì+ 2a - 5) + (a - 3) - (aì+ 3a - 6)
#êêè = 2aì+ 2a - 5 + a - 3 - aì- 3a + 6
#êêè = aì- 2
Ç A
14
#êë Simplify (6yÅ+ 3yì+ y) - (16yÅ- 3yì- 2y)
#A) xÅ- 2xì+ 4è B) -10yÅ+ 6yì+ 3yè C) -xÅ+ yì- yè D) å of ç
ü
#êêê (6yÅ+ 3yì+ y) - (16yÅ- 3yì- 2y)
#êêê= 6yÅ+ 3yì+ y - 16yÅ+ 3yì+ 2y
#êêê= -10yÅ+ 6yì+ 3y
Ç B