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==============================================================================
emTeX, BibTeX and TeXware VERSION: 15.09.1990
==============================================================================
Notational conventions:
<pl_file> Placeholders for information to be supplied by you
are enclosed in angle brackets. Don't type the
angle brackets.
[<tfm_file>] Optional items are enclosed in square brackets
and can be omitted. Don't type the square brackets.
All other characters must be typed as shown. Example:
pltotf [<pl_file> [<tfm_file>]]
The PLtoTF program can be used as follows:
pltotf (interactive input of arguments)
pltotf cmr10 converting cmr10.pl -> cmr10.tfm
pltotf cmr10 new converting cmr10.pl -> new.tfm
Default extensions:
Usually, file names have two parts: the base name and the extension
(file type). The base name and the extension are separated by a
period. All programs described in this document automatically supply
a default extension, if you don't give an extension.
Interactive input of arguments:
The programs described in this document (METAFONT and MFjob are
exceptions) can be run without command line arguments. If run without
command line arguments, the programs will prompt you for all the arguments.
Default values are given in square brackets. If you hit the <Return>
key without giving a response, the default value will be used. Default
file names are displayed with the default extension. Example:
Output file [cmr8.tfm] =
Default response: cmr8.tfm
Default extension: .tfm
Giving only a drive name or directory name
Some programs accept a drive name or directory name (ending with
a : or \ character). This drive name or directory name will be
prepended to the default file name (this doesn't work for the first
file name argument). This feature can be used both on the command line
and with interactive input of arguments. Example:
pltotf cmr10 d:\new\ Converting cmr10.pl -> d:\new\cmr10.tfm
BibTeX 0.99c [3c] (DOS & OS/2)
======
Bibliography database manager for LaTeX.
Instructions found in:
L. Lamport: LaTeX: A Document Preparation System
\emtex\texinput\btxdoc.tex
\emtex\texinput\btxhak.tex
Usage:
bibtex [<option>] [<file>]
The file name should not contain an extension. Example:
bibtex mytext
Option:
-pv[:][=]<drive> Disk drive for \emtex\bibinput and \emtex\texinput
Example: bibtex /pv:e mytext
Environment variables:
BIBINPUT bib files
EMTEXDRV Disk drive for \emtex\bibinput and \emtex\texinput
TEXINPUT bst files
TMP directory for temporary file (virtual memory)
Default directories:
\emtex\bibinput bib files
\emtex\texinput bst files
EMTEXDRV and -pv (-pv has precedence over EMTEXDRV) can be used to
set a disk drive on which \emtex\bibinput and \emtex\texinput are
searched. If EMTEXDRV and -pv are not used, the current drive is used.
DVItype 3.2 [1h] (DOS & OS/2)
=======
Converts dvi files into a readable form.
Usage:
dvitype [<option>] [<dvi_file>]
Output is displayed on the screen and can be redirected to a file
with >filename.
Option:
-pv[:][=]<drive> Disk drive for \emtex\tfm.
Example: dvitype /pvc trip
Environment variable:
EMTEXDRV Disk drive for \emtex\tfm
TEXTFM for tfm files
Default directory:
\emtex\tfm for tfm files
EMTEXDRV and -pv (-pv has precedence over EMTEXDRV) can be used to
set a disk drive on which \emtex\tfm is searched. If EMTEXDRV and -pv are
not used, the current drive is used.
MakeIndx 2.9 (DOS & OS/2)
========
Sorts a LaTeX index.
Please note \emtex\doc\makeindx.cpy. The source code can be obtained from:
Eberhard Mattes
Teckstr. 81
D-7141 Moeglingen (M\"oglingen)
Federal Republic of Germany
if a formatted diskette (HD; 5.25" or 3.5"), packing and return postage is
sent.
Instructions in \emtex\texinput\makeindx.tex and \emtex\doc\makeindx.doc.
maketcp 1.1a (DOS & OS/2)
=======
maketcp <mode> [<options>] [<input_file> [<output_file>]]
Generates (and encodes) TCP files (TeX code page). These files are used by
emTeX (and TeXconv) to convert special characters into TeX commands as well
as font conversion.
Mode:
-c Convert a text file into a TCP file (generate a TCP file;
compile)
-d Convert a TCP file into a text file (decompile).
Options:
-8 Set up a conversion table which leaves the
characters with codes 128 to 255 unchanged (without -8
the codes from 128 to 255 are not allowed)
-r Set up a conversion table which leaves the
characters with codes 0 to 31 unchanged (without -r,
codes 0, 9 and 12 remain unchanged, the others in the
range 1 to 31 are not allowed)
The default extension for TCP files is .tcp (with the option -c this applies
to the output file, with -d the input file).
A TCP file contains three tables: the first shows which special characters are
to be converted into TeX control sequences; the second converts the characters
in the input file into the internal TeX characters and the third performs the
reverse of this.
When no TCP file is used with emTeX, only the characters with codes 0, 9, 12
and 32 to 126 are permitted. When the /r option is given, characters in the
range 0 to 31 are also allowed. With the /8 option (only with INITEX)
characters in the range 128 to 254 are permitted as well. No conversion takes
place.
This behaviour can be altered by using a TCP file. Characters in the range 128
to 254 can be converted into TeX control sequences; in addition, the
conversion of all characters for input and output can be changed - this is
necessary when TeX's character coding does not correspond to the code page in
use. This should only be done for the characters above 128 as otherwise
unexpected effects will be caused. Conversion for output will only affect the
log file, not the dvi file.
To create a TCP file you must make a text file in which both the translation
of special characters into TeX control sequences and the character conversion
for input and output is given. You can get an example of the format of the
file by converting the TCP file supplied (850_tex.tcp) into the equivalent
text file with the command
maketcp -d 850_tex.tcp example.txt
The text file can contain comments which are lines with a `%' in column 1:
you can also make your file more readable by inserting blank lines, which
are ignored. All other lines are either special character conversions or
input to internal character conversions - the output character conversion
table is constructed from the input table. Characters to be converted can be
entered either as is (a single character) or in hexadecimal, in the TeX 3.0
format (^^ff). The translation of a special character is entered as follows:
^^84 -> \"a % Umlaut-a
The line begins with the special character (Umlaut-a), followed by a space,
an arrow (hyphen and greater than character), space and then the TeX control
sequence which is to replace the character. The `%' and the text following
it up to the end of the line will be ignored unless it is part of the TeX
command - in the following, ONE space will not be ignored:
^^fe -> \%\ % Tex control sequence: "\%\ "
The conversion of an input character into an internal code (and an internal
code into an output character) is entered as follows:
^^84 ^^e4 % Umlaut-a (PC) -> Umlaut-a (ISO 8859/1)
The line begins with the input character followed by a space and the desired
internal representation (as coded in the TFM file). When the character ^^e4
is to be output, it will be converted into ^^84 (in this example). If more
than one character is mapped into the same internal character then the last
conversion will be used for output:
a b
b b
In this pointless (but simple) example, both a and b are mapped on to the
same internal character: by the rule above, b will be converted into b on
output. The default conversion tables are changed by such a text file: these
conversion tables are set up by the -8 and -r options (see above) - in some
circumstances, you may save yourself some work by using the -8 and/or -r
options. When you convert a TCP file into a text file, the output shows only
the differences from the default tables set up by the -8 and -r options: the
text file output will therefore depend on the settings of these options.
PLtoTF 3.2 [1e] (DOS & OS/2)
======
Converts a pl file into a tfm file (cf. TFtoPL, VFtoVP, and VPtoVF).
Usage:
pltotf [<pl_file> [<tfm_file>]]
Default extension for pl file: .pl
Default extension for tfm file: .tfm
It's possible to give a drive name or directory name for <tfm_file>.
texchk (DOS & OS/2)
======
texchk [option] [files]
Syntax checker for LaTeX.
A fuller description will be found in \emtex\doc\english\texchk.doc.
Options:
-v additional information will be displayed
-c check the commands
TeXconv 1.1a (DOS & OS/2)
=======
TeXconv <mode> [<options>] <tcp_file> [<input_file> [<output_file>]]
Converts umlauts and other special characters into the appropriate TeX
commands (like emTeX does when the option -c<tcp_file> is used). This
allows documents using these special characters to be translated with
other versions of TeX.
Mode:
-a Extended character set -> TeX commands.
-e TeX commands -> extended characters (not perfect).
Options:
-n Output file unbuffered.
The tcp file contains the translation table. Default extension: .tcp.
If the tcp file isn't in the current working directory, the directories
listed in the TEXINPUT environment variable are searched. Currently,
there is only one tcp file: 850_tex.tcp. This file translates most
characters of code page 850.
If neither an input file nor an output file is given, TeXconv acts as a
filter: input is taken from the standard input and output goes to the
standard output. If only an input file is given, output is sent to the
standard output. If both input and output files are given they may NOT be
the same file.
When converting TeX commands into single characters (-e), only sequences
will be converted that match exactly the sequences given in the conversion
table:
\ss{} -> ß
but
{\ss} -> {\ss}
Unfortunately ALL matching sequences are converted, for instance,
\char`\\"a -> \char`\ä
instead of
\char`\\"a -> \char`\\"a
Example (convert special characters to TeX commands, input from the keyboard,
immediate output to the screen):
texconv -an 850_tex
emTeX 3.0 [3a] (DOS & OS/2)
=====
Standard version:
tex [options] [&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (DOS; 8086/88 CPU)
tex286 [options] [&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (DOS; 80286 CPU)
texp [options] [^&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (OS/2)
bigTeX version:
btex [options] [&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (DOS; 8086/88 CPU)
btex286 [options] [&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (DOS; 80286 CPU)
btexp [options] [^&format] [input_file] [TeX commands] (OS/2)
tex286.exe can be used instead of tex.exe on a machine which has an 80286 (or
higher) chip. The 286 version of the program is shorter and slightly faster.
tex286.exe can be renamed tex.exe if running under DOS 3.x. If only a
8086/8086/80186/80188 CPU is available, tex.exe must be used.
The bigTeX versions provide four times the main memory of the standard
versions but are significantly slower and need more memory. bigTeX is a
prerelease version and is still under development. Under DOS the /i option
of bigTeX (INITEX) can only be used when there is much memory available.
You should remove all unnecessary drivers and resident programs from
config.sys and autoexec.bat.
A fuller description (in German) will be found in \emtex\doc\emtex.dvi.
Options
-------
/7 Bit 7 of input characters is ignored.
/8 8 bit characters are accepted in input files. You cannot use
character codes 0-8, 10-11, 14-31, 127, and 255; but see /r.
This option can be used only with INITEX (following /i). The
setting will be stored in the fmt file.
/a* This option is used to set the name of the file used for
calling an editor. Between /a and the file name you can
insert `:', `=', `:=', or nothing. Spaces are not allowed.
You have to use `\' as path delimiter.
/b \batchmode.
/c* Specify a tcp file for converting special characters and code page
translation. Between /c and the file name you can insert `:', `=',
`:=', or nothing. Spaces are not allowed. This option can be used
only with INITEX (following /i). The translation tables will be
stored in the fmt file. If /c* is given, /8 will be ignored.
/r can be used with /c* for changing the translation tables given
in the tcp file. See the description of maketcp for more details.
See `The /c option' below. The default extension is .tcp, the
tcp file is sought in the current working directory and in the
directories given in the TEXINPUT environment variable.
/d Don't use expanded memory (DOS).
/e \errorstopmode.
/i INITEX (create fmt file). Some options can be used only with INITEX,
these must be preceded by /i.
/l Set low priority, so that TeX only runs when the machine has nothing
better to do (OS/2 only).
/m* Set memory array sizes, see below.
/n \nonstopmode.
/o Allow 8 bit characters (codes 128-254) for output. This option can
be used only with INITEX (following /i). The setting will be stored
in the fmt file. If /o is not given, hexadecimal notation is
used for codes 128-254.
/pv* Set drive name for default directories. Between /pv and the drive
name (a-z, A-Z) you can insert `:', `=', `:=', or nothing. See below.
/r Control characters (except Ctrl-Z) left unchanged. This option can
be used only with INITEX (following /i). The setting will be stored
in the fmt file.
/s \scrollmode.
Options can be preceded by `-' as well as `/', upper and lower case are
currently not significant.
You can put options into the environment variable EMTEXOPT. These options
are observed before the options given in the command line.
Example:
tex -7 -s &lplain myfile
tex /i /c850_tex plain \dump
Calling an editor
-----------------
When an error is encountered by TeX in an input file, you can call
an editor by hitting `E'; cf. The TeXbook, page 34. The /a* option
is used to set the name of a file into which emTeX writes the line number,
the file name of the offending input file and the name of the log file.
The environment variable EMTEXED controls the output to the file specified
by /a*. `%1' will be replaced by the line number, `%2' will be replaced
by the path name of the input file, and `%3' will be replaced by the path
name of the log file. You can insert a percent sign by `%%'. If the
environment variable `EMTEXED' is not set,
emtexed %1 %2 %3
will be used as template. If you use the Norton Editor (for instance),
you should enter
set emtexed=ne +%1 %2
If you give the command line option /a=ed.bat and if, for instance,
TeX finds an error in line 172 of test.tex (in directory d:\mytex),
emTeX will write
emtexed 172 d:\mytex\test.tex d:\mytex\test.log
to the file ed.bat (EMTEXED not set). To use this feature, you have to
call emTeX via a batch file. Example (texed.bat or texed.cmd):
@echo off
rem texed.bat
if exist texed2.bat del texed2.bat
tex /a=texed2.bat %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
if exist texed2.bat texed2
Warning: when running emTeX on a network, a unique batch file should
be used for each user to avoid conflicts. You may use environment variables
to accomplish this. If you don't set the environment variable EMTEXED,
you have to create another batch file (emtexed.bat or emtexed.cmd) which
calls the editor.
And here's an example for the Programmer's WorkBench (or Microsoft Editor)
running under OS/2. It is recommended to keep the editor loaded while
running TeX. You should call emTeX with the following batch file
(glatexed.cmd):
@echo off
rem glatexed.cmd
set emtexed=%%2 %%1
texp -a=c:\init\emtexed.m ^&lplaing %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
Define the following macros for the Programmer's WorkBench:
texed:=Arg "c:\\init\\emtexed.m" Setfile Begfile Arg Setfile -> _texed2
_texed2:=Setfile Arg Arg " [0-9]" Psearch -> _texed3
_texed3:=Right Arg Endline Lasttext Mark Arg Refresh Lasttext Mark
(for the Microsoft Editor:)
texed:=Arg "c:\\init\\emtexed.m" Setfile Arg Mpage Arg Setfile -> _texed2
_texed2:=Setfile Arg Arg " [0-9]" Psearch -> _texed3
_texed3:=Right Arg Endline " " Emacscdel Mark Arg Refresh Lasttext Mark
and assign the texed macro to a key:
texed:Ctrl+E
Now you can move to the desired line by typing Ctrl+E. (The directory
c:\init and the file c:\init\emtexed.m must exist before typing Ctrl-E.)
File names in TeX input files
-----------------------------
When using file names in TeX input files (\input blahblah, for instance),
you have to use `/' instead of '\' as path separator as `\' is interpreted
by TeX as start of a macro name.
correct: \input /mytex/mytext
wrong: \input \mytex\mytext
File names in the command line
------------------------------
When specifying a file name in the command line, you should consider
the following: TeX treats the character `\' specially (macro name)
and emTeX treats the character `/' at the beginning of a command line
argument specially (command line option). Therefore you should precede
a file name starting with `\' by the drive name:
correct: tex d:/mytex/mytext
wrong: tex /mytex/mytext
wrong: tex \mytex\mytext
wrong: tex d:\mytex\mytext
Quotation marks in the command line
-----------------------------------
If you want to pass a quotation marks to emTeX, you have to escape the
quotation mark by a backslash: \".
Changing the memory layout
--------------------------
The memory layout can be changed by command line options. This feature
is required only for special cases, the defaults are suitable for most
applications. You can insert `:', `=', `:=', or nothing between /mX
and the number.
Option | Removes this TeX error message: | Range | Default
| TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [...=###] | min-max | DOS / OS/2
-------+----------------------------------------+-------------+-----------
/mf# | font memory (font metric data) | 5000-65500 | 32766
/mn# | semantic nest size (mode nesting) | 20-3000 | 40 / 100
/mp# | pool size (strings) | 20000-65500 | 50000
/ms# | save size (values saved by grouping) | 100-16000 | 600
/mt# | pattern memory (hyphenation) | 5000-65500 | 10000
You may use, for instance, the command
set emtexopt=/ms:2000 /mp:45000
to increase save size while decreasing pool size. See The TeXbook, pages
300-301.
The maximum /mf# value of bigTeX is 262141, the default is 81920.
Environment variables (standard version)
----------------------------------------
EMTEXDRV drive name for default directories (see below)
EMTEXED template for calling an editor (see above)
EMTEXOPT options (see above)
TEXFMT directories for fmt files and tex.poo
TEXTFM directories for tfm files
TEXINPUT directories for input files and tcp file
TMP directory for temporary file
Default directories (standard version)
--------------------------------------
\emtex\texinput for input files
\emtex\texfmts for fmt files and tex.poo
\emtex\tfm for tfm files
Files are first sought in the current directory and, if not
found, the search is extended to the directories listed in the appropriate
environment variable. If this fails, the default directory is searched.
The default directories can be supplemented with a drive name by using
the command line option /pv* or setting the environment variable EMTEXDRV.
If you want to use drive E: for emTeX, use
set emtexdrv=e
or
tex /pv:e
to change the default directories to
e:\emtex\texinput for input files
e:\emtex\texfmts for fmt files and tex.poo
e:\emtex\tfm for tfm files
Usage of this feature is recommended if there isn't enough space
for putting all the paths into environment variables (TEXINPUT, TEXFMT,
and TEXTFM) and the directories are organized as shown above.
Environment variables and default directories used by bigTeX
------------------------------------------------------------
bigTeX uses the same environment variables and the same default directories
with the following exception:
BTEXFMT directories for fmt files and tex.poo (bigTeX)
\emtex\btexfmts for fmt files and tex.poo (bigTeX)
The /c option
-------------
Currently, only one tcp file is available: 850_tex.tcp. This file converts
some characters of code page 850 into TeX commands:
^^80 -> \c{C} ^^81 -> \"u ^^82 -> \'e
^^83 -> \^a ^^84 -> \"a ^^85 -> \`a
^^86 -> \aa{} ^^87 -> \c{c} ^^88 -> \^e
^^89 -> \"e ^^8a -> \`e ^^8b -> \"\i{}
^^8c -> \^\i{} ^^8d -> \`\i{} ^^8e -> \"A
^^8f -> \AA{} ^^90 -> \'E ^^91 -> \ae{}
^^92 -> \AE{} ^^93 -> \^o ^^94 -> \"o
^^95 -> \`o ^^96 -> \^u ^^97 -> \`u
^^98 -> \"y ^^99 -> \"O ^^9a -> \"U
^^9b -> \o{} ^^9c -> \pounds{} ^^9d -> \O{}
^^a0 -> \'a ^^a1 -> \'\i{} ^^a2 -> \'o
^^a3 -> \'u ^^a4 -> \~n ^^a5 -> \~N
^^a6 -> \b{a} ^^a7 -> \b{o} ^^b5 -> \'A
^^b6 -> \^A ^^b7 -> \`A ^^b8 -> \copyright{}
^^bd -> \hbox{\rm\rlap/c} ^^c6 -> \~a ^^c7 -> \~A
^^d2 -> \^E ^^d3 -> \"E ^^d4 -> \`E
^^d6 -> \'I ^^d7 -> \^I ^^d8 -> \"I
^^de -> \`I ^^e0 -> \'O ^^e1 -> \ss{}
^^e2 -> \^O ^^e3 -> \`O ^^e4 -> \~o
^^e5 -> \~O ^^e9 -> \'U ^^ea -> \^U
^^eb -> \`U ^^ec -> \'y ^^ed -> \'Y
^^f4 -> \P{} ^^f5 -> \S{}
The characters with \' or \` do not work in the LaTeX tabbing environment.
End of line
-----------
emTeX recognizes CR, LF, and CR/LF as end of line.
End of file
-----------
Ctrl-Z at the beginning of a line indicates end of file. Therefore,
the last line of the file must not end in Ctrl-Z (without CR, LF, or CR/LF).
TFtoPL 3.1 [1e] (DOS & OS/2)
======
Converts a tfm file into a readable form which can be edited (see also
PLtoTF, VFtoVP, and VPtoVF).
Usage:
tftopl [<tfm_file> [<pl_file>]]
Default extension for tfm file: .tfm
Default extension for pl file: .pl
It's possible to give a drive name or directory name for <pl_file>.
VFtoVP 1 [1b] (DOS & OS/2)
======
Converts a vf (virtual font) file and a tfm file into a readable form which
can be edited (see also PLtoTF, TFtoPL, and VPtoVF).
Usage:
vftovp [<vf_file> [<vpl_file>]]
vftovp <vf_file> <tfm_file> <vpl_file>
Default extension for vf file: .vf
Default extension for tfm file: .tfm
Default extension for vpl file: .vpl
It's possible to give a drive name or directory name for <tfm_file> and
<vpl_file>.
If no <tfm_file> is specified, the name of the vf file with tfm extension will
be used:
vftovp a b
corresponds to
vftovp a.vf a.tfm b
VPtoVF 1 [1b] (DOS & OS/2)
======
Converts a vpl file into a vf file and a tfm file (cf. TFtoPL, PLtoTF, and
VFtoVP).
Usage:
vptovf [<vpl_file> [<vf_file>]]
vptovf <vpl_file> <vf_file> <tfm_file>
Default extension for vpl file: .vpl
Default extension for vf file: .vf
Default extension for tfm file: .tfm
It's possible to give a drive name or directory name for <vf_file> and
<tfm_file>.
If no <tfm_file> is specified, the name of the vf file with tfm extension will
be used:
vptovf a b
corresponds to
vptovf a b.vf b.tfm
-------- End of TEXWARE.DOC -------------