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XTERM(1) XTERM(1) NNAAMMEE xterm - terminal emulator for X SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS xxtteerrmm [-_t_o_o_l_k_i_t_o_p_t_i_o_n ...] [-option ...] DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN The _x_t_e_r_m program is a terminal emulator for the X Window System. It provides DEC VT102 and Tektronix 4014 compati- ble terminals for programs that can't use the window sys- tem directly. If the underlying operating system supports terminal resizing capabilities (for example, the SIGWINCH signal in systems derived from 4.3bsd), _x_t_e_r_m will use the facilities to notify programs running in the window when- ever it is resized. The VT102 and Tektronix 4014 terminals each have their own window so that you can edit text in one and look at graph- ics in the other at the same time. To maintain the cor- rect aspect ratio (height/width), Tektronix graphics will be restricted to the largest box with a 4014's aspect ratio that will fit in the window. This box is located in the upper left area of the window. Although both windows may be displayed at the same time, one of them is considered the ``active'' window for receiving keyboard input and terminal output. This is the window that contains the text cursor. The active window can be chosen through escape sequences, the ``VT Options'' menu in the VT102 window, and the ``Tek Options'' menu in the 4014 window. EEMMUULLAATTIIOONNSS The VT102 emulation is fairly complete, but does not sup- port smooth scrolling, VT52 mode, the blinking character attribute nor the double-wide and double-size character sets. _T_e_r_m_c_a_p(5) entries that work with _x_t_e_r_m include ``xterm,'' ``vt102,'' ``vt100'' and ``ansi,'' and _x_t_e_r_m automatically searches the termcap file in this order for these entries and then sets the ``TERM'' and the ``TERM- CAP'' environment variables. Many of the special _x_t_e_r_m features may be modified under program control through a set of escape sequences differ- ent from the standard VT102 escape sequences. (See the _X_t_e_r_m _C_o_n_t_r_o_l _S_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s document.) The Tektronix 4014 emulation is also fairly good. It sup- ports 12-bit graphics addressing, scaled to the window size. Four different font sizes and five different lines types are supported. There is no write-through or defo- cused mode support. The Tektronix text and graphics com- mands are recorded internally by _x_t_e_r_m and may be written to a file by sending the COPY escape sequence (or through X Version 11 Release 6.1 1 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) the TTeekkttrroonniixx menu; see below). The name of the file will be ``CCOOPPYY_y_y--_M_M--_d_d.._h_h::_m_m::_s_s'', where _y_y, _M_M, _d_d, _h_h, _m_m and _s_s are the year, month, day, hour, minute and second when the COPY was performed (the file is created in the direc- tory _x_t_e_r_m is started in, or the home directory for a login _x_t_e_r_m). OOTTHHEERR FFEEAATTUURREESS _X_t_e_r_m automatically highlights the text cursor when the pointer enters the window (selected) and unhighlights it when the pointer leaves the window (unselected). If the window is the focus window, then the text cursor is high- lighted no matter where the pointer is. In VT102 mode, there are escape sequences to activate and deactivate an alternate screen buffer, which is the same size as the display area of the window. When activated, the current screen is saved and replaced with the alter- nate screen. Saving of lines scrolled off the top of the window is disabled until the normal screen is restored. The _t_e_r_m_c_a_p(5) entry for _x_t_e_r_m allows the visual editor _v_i(1) to switch to the alternate screen for editing and to restore the screen on exit. In either VT102 or Tektronix mode, there are escape sequences to change the name of the windows. See _X_t_e_r_m _C_o_n_t_r_o_l _S_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s for details. OOPPTTIIOONNSS The _x_t_e_r_m terminal emulator accepts all of the standard X Toolkit command line options as well as the following (if the option begins with a `++' instead of a `--', the option is restored to its default value): --hheellpp This causes _x_t_e_r_m to print out a verbose message describing its options. --113322 Normally, the VT102 DECCOLM escape sequence that switches between 80 and 132 column mode is ignored. This option causes the DECCOLM escape sequence to be recognized, and the _x_t_e_r_m window will resize appropriately. --aahh This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should always highlight the text cursor. By default, _x_t_e_r_m will display a hollow text cursor whenever the focus is lost or the pointer leaves the window. ++aahh This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should do text cursor highlighting based on focus. --bb _n_u_m_b_e_r This option specifies the size of the inner border (the distance between the outer edge of the X Version 11 Release 6.1 2 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) characters and the window border) in pixels. The default is 2. --ccbb Set the _v_t_1_0_0 resource ccuuttTTooBBeeggiinnnniinnggOOffLLiinnee to FALSE. ++ccbb Set the _v_t_1_0_0 resource ccuuttTTooBBeeggiinnnniinnggOOffLLiinnee to TRUE. --cccc _c_h_a_r_a_c_t_e_r_c_l_a_s_s_r_a_n_g_e::_v_a_l_u_e[[,,......]] This sets classes indicated by the given ranges for using in selecting by words. See the section specifying character classes. --ccnn This option indicates that newlines should not be cut in line-mode selections. ++ccnn This option indicates that newlines should be cut in line-mode selections. --ccrr _c_o_l_o_r This option specifies the color to use for text cursor. The default is to use the same foreground color that is used for text. --ccuu This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should work around a bug in the _m_o_r_e(1) program that causes it to incorrectly display lines that are exactly the width of the window and are followed by a line beginning with a tab (the leading tabs are not displayed). This option is so named because it was originally thought to be a bug in the _c_u_r_s_e_s(3x) cursor motion package. ++ccuu This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should not work around the _m_o_r_e(1) bug mentioned above. --ee _p_r_o_g_r_a_m [[ _a_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s ...... ]] This option specifies the program (and its command line arguments) to be run in the _x_t_e_r_m window. It also sets the window title and icon name to be the basename of the program being executed if neither _-_T nor _-_n are given on the command line. TThhiiss mmuusstt bbee tthhee llaasstt ooppttiioonn oonn tthhee ccoommmmaanndd lliinnee.. --ffbb _f_o_n_t This option specifies a font to be used when dis- playing bold text. This font must be the same height and width as the normal font. If only one of the normal or bold fonts is specified, it will be used as the normal font and the bold font will be produced by overstriking this font. The default is to do overstriking of the normal font. X Version 11 Release 6.1 3 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) --iimm Turn on the uusseeIInnsseerrttMMooddee resource. ++iimm Turn off the uusseeIInnsseerrttMMooddee resource. --jj This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should do jump scrolling. Normally, text is scrolled one line at a time; this option allows _x_t_e_r_m to move multiple lines at a time so that it doesn't fall as far behind. Its use is strongly recommended since it make _x_t_e_r_m much faster when scanning through large amounts of text. The VT100 escape sequences for enabling and disabling smooth scroll as well as the ``VT Options'' menu can be used to turn this feature on or off. ++jj This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should not do jump scrolling. --llss This option indicates that the shell that is started in the _x_t_e_r_m window will be a login shell (i.e., the first character of argv[0] will be a dash, indicating to the shell that it should read the user's .login or .profile). ++llss This option indicates that the shell that is started should not be a login shell (i.e. it will be a normal ``subshell''). --mmbb This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should ring a margin bell when the user types near the right end of a line. This option can be turned on and off from the ``VT Options'' menu. ++mmbb This option indicates that margin bell should not be rung. --mmcc mmiilllliisseeccoonnddss This option specifies the maximum time between multi-click selections. --mmss _c_o_l_o_r This option specifies the color to be used for the pointer cursor. The default is to use the fore- ground color. --nnbb _n_u_m_b_e_r This option specifies the number of characters from the right end of a line at which the margin bell, if enabled, will ring. The default is 10. --rrww This option indicates that reverse-wraparound should be allowed. This allows the cursor to back up from the leftmost column of one line to the rightmost column of the previous line. This is X Version 11 Release 6.1 4 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) very useful for editing long shell command lines and is encouraged. This option can be turned on and off from the ``VT Options'' menu. ++rrww This option indicates that reverse-wraparound should not be allowed. --aaww This option indicates that auto-wraparound should be allowed. This allows the cursor to automati- cally wrap to the beginning of the next line when when it is at the rightmost position of a line and text is output. ++aaww This option indicates that auto-wraparound should not be allowed. --ss This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m may scroll asyn- chronously, meaning that the screen does not have to be kept completely up to date while scrolling. This allows _x_t_e_r_m to run faster when network latencies are very high and is typically useful when running across a very large internet or many gateways. ++ss This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should scroll synchronously. --ssbb This option indicates that some number of lines that are scrolled off the top of the window should be saved and that a scrollbar should be displayed so that those lines can be viewed. This option may be turned on and off from the ``VT Options'' menu. ++ssbb This option indicates that a scrollbar should not be displayed. --ssff This option indicates that Sun Function Key escape codes should be generated for function keys. ++ssff This option indicates that the standard escape codes should be generated for function keys. --ssii This option indicates that output to a window should not automatically reposition the screen to the bottom of the scrolling region. This option can be turned on and off from the ``VT Options'' menu. ++ssii This option indicates that output to a window should cause it to scroll to the bottom. --sskk This option indicates that pressing a key while using the scrollbar to review previous lines of X Version 11 Release 6.1 5 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) text should cause the window to be repositioned automatically in the normal position at the bottom of the scroll region. ++sskk This option indicates that pressing a key while using the scrollbar should not cause the window to be repositioned. --ssll _n_u_m_b_e_r This option specifies the number of lines to save that have been scrolled off the top of the screen. The default is 64. --tt This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should start in Tektronix mode, rather than in VT102 mode. Switching between the two windows is done using the ``Options'' menus. ++tt This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should start in VT102 mode. --ttmm _s_t_r_i_n_g This option specifies a series of terminal setting keywords followed by the characters that should be bound to those functions, similar to the _s_t_t_y pro- gram. Allowable keywords include: intr, quit, erase, kill, eof, eol, swtch, start, stop, brk, susp, dsusp, rprnt, flush, weras, and lnext. Con- trol characters may be specified as ^char (e.g. ^c or ^u) and ^? may be used to indicate delete. --ttnn _n_a_m_e This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the TERM environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the _t_e_r_m_c_a_p_(_5_) database and should have _l_i_# and _c_o_# entries. --uutt This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m shouldn't write a record into the the system log file _/_e_t_c_/_u_t_m_p. ++uutt This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should write a record into the system log file _/_e_t_c_/_u_t_m_p. --vvbb This option indicates that a visual bell is pre- ferred over an audible one. Instead of ringing the terminal bell whenever a Control-G is received, the window will be flashed. ++vvbb This option indicates that a visual bell should not be used. --wwff This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should wait for the window to be mapped the first time before starting the subprocess so that the initial X Version 11 Release 6.1 6 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) terminal size settings and environment variables are correct. It is the application's responsibil- ity to catch subsequent terminal size changes. ++wwff This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m show not wait before starting the subprocess. --CC This option indicates that this window should receive console output. This is not supported on all systems. To obtain console output, you must be the owner of the console device, and you must have read and write permission for it. If you are running X under _x_d_m on the console screen you may need to have the session startup and reset pro- grams explicitly change the ownership of the con- sole device in order to get this option to work. --SS_c_c_n This option specifies the last two letters of the name of a pseudoterminal to use in slave mode, plus the number of the inherited file descriptor. The option is parsed ``%c%c%d''. This allows _x_t_e_r_m to be used as an input and output channel for an existing program and is sometimes used in specialized applications. The following command line arguments are provided for com- patibility with older versions. They may not be supported in the next release as the X Toolkit provides standard options that accomplish the same task. %%_g_e_o_m This option specifies the preferred size and posi- tion of the Tektronix window. It is shorthand for specifying the ``_*_t_e_k_G_e_o_m_e_t_r_y'' resource. TThhiiss ooppttiioonn ssppeecciiffiieess tthhee pprreeffeerrrreedd ppoossiittiioonn ooff tthhee iiccoonn wwiinnddooww.. It is shorthand for specifying the ``_*_i_c_o_n_G_e_o_m_e_- _t_r_y'' resource. --TT _s_t_r_i_n_g This option specifies the title for _x_t_e_r_m's win- dows. It is equivalent to --ttiittllee. --nn _s_t_r_i_n_g This option specifies the icon name for _x_t_e_r_m's windows. It is shorthand for specifying the ``_*_i_c_o_n_N_a_m_e'' resource. Note that this is not the same as the toolkit option --nnaammee (see below). The default icon name is the application name. --rr This option indicates that reverse video should be simulated by swapping the foreground and back- ground colors. It is equivalent to --rrvv. X Version 11 Release 6.1 7 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) --ww _n_u_m_b_e_r This option specifies the width in pixels of the border surrounding the window. It is equivalent to --bboorrddeerrwwiiddtthh or --bbww. The following standard X Toolkit command line arguments are commonly used with _x_t_e_r_m: --bbgg _c_o_l_o_r This option specifies the color to use for the background of the window. The default is ``white.'' --bbdd _c_o_l_o_r This option specifies the color to use for the border of the window. The default is ``black.'' --bbww _n_u_m_b_e_r This option specifies the width in pixels of the border surrounding the window. --ffgg _c_o_l_o_r This option specifies the color to use for dis- playing text. The default is ``black.'' --ffnn _f_o_n_t This option specifies the font to be used for dis- playing normal text. The default is _f_i_x_e_d. --nnaammee _n_a_m_e This option specifies the application name under which resources are to be obtained, rather than the default executable file name. _N_a_m_e should not contain ``.'' or ``*'' characters. --ttiittllee _s_t_r_i_n_g This option specifies the window title string, which may be displayed by window managers if the user so chooses. The default title is the command line specified after the --ee option, if any, other- wise the application name. --rrvv This option indicates that reverse video should be simulated by swapping the foreground and back- ground colors. --ggeeoommeettrryy _g_e_o_m_e_t_r_y This option specifies the preferred size and posi- tion of the VT102 window; see _X_(_1_). --ddiissppllaayy _d_i_s_p_l_a_y This option specifies the X server to contact; see _X_(_1_). X Version 11 Release 6.1 8 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) --xxrrmm _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e_s_t_r_i_n_g This option specifies a resource string to be used. This is especially useful for setting resources that do not have separate command line options. --iiccoonniicc This option indicates that _x_t_e_r_m should ask the window manager to start it as an icon rather than as the normal window. RREESSOOUURRCCEESS The program understands all of the core X Toolkit resource names and classes as well as: iiccoonnGGeeoommeettrryy ((class IIccoonnGGeeoommeettrryy)) Specifies the preferred size and position of the application when iconified. It is not necessarily obeyed by all window managers. iiccoonnNNaammee ((class IIccoonnNNaammee)) Specifies the icon name. The default is the application name. tteerrmmNNaammee ((class TTeerrmmNNaammee)) Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the TERM environment variable. ttiittllee ((class TTiittllee)) Specifies a string that may be used by the window manager when displaying this application. ttttyyMMooddeess ((class TTttyyMMooddeess)) Specifies a string containing terminal setting keywords and the characters to which they may be bound. Allowable keywords include: intr, quit, erase, kill, eof, eol, swtch, start, stop, brk, susp, dsusp, rprnt, flush, weras, and lnext. Con- trol characters may be specified as ^char (e.g. ^c or ^u) and ^? may be used to indicate Delete. This is very useful for overriding the default terminal settings without having to do an _s_t_t_y every time an _x_t_e_r_m is started. uusseeIInnsseerrttMMooddee ((class UUsseeIInnsseerrttMMooddee)) Force use of insert mode by adding appropriate entries to the TERMCAP environment variable. This is useful if the system termcap is broken. The default is ``false.'' uuttmmppIInnhhiibbiitt ((class UUttmmppIInnhhiibbiitt)) Specifies whether or not _x_t_e_r_m should try to record the user's terminal in _/_e_t_c_/_u_t_m_p. X Version 11 Release 6.1 9 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) ssuunnFFuunnccttiioonnKKeeyyss ((class SSuunnFFuunnccttiioonnKKeeyyss)) Specifies whether or not Sun Function Key escape codes should be generated for function keys instead of standard escape sequences. wwaaiittFFoorrMMaapp ((class WWaaiittFFoorrMMaapp)) Specifies whether or not _x_t_e_r_m should wait for the initial window map before starting the subprocess. The default is ``false.'' The following resources are specified as part of the _v_t_1_0_0 widget (class _V_T_1_0_0): aalllloowwSSeennddEEvveennttss ((class AAlllloowwSSeennddEEvveennttss)) Specifies whether or not synthetic key and button events (generated using the X protocol SendEvent request) should be interpreted or discarded. The default is ``false'' meaning they are discarded. Note that allowing such events creates a very large security hole. aallwwaayyssHHiigghhlliigghhtt ((class AAllwwaayyssHHiigghhlliigghhtt)) Specifies whether or not _x_t_e_r_m should always dis- play a highlighted text cursor. By default, a hollow text cursor is displayed whenever the pointer moves out of the window or the window loses the input focus. aappppccuurrssoorrDDeeffaauulltt ((class AAppppccuurrssoorrDDeeffaauulltt)) If ``true,'' the cursor keys are initially in application mode. The default is ``false.'' aappppkkeeyyppaaddDDeeffaauulltt ((class AAppppkkeeyyppaaddDDeeffaauulltt)) If ``true,'' the keypad keys are initially in application mode. The default is ``false.'' aauuttooWWrraapp ((class AAuuttooWWrraapp)) Specifies whether or not auto-wraparound should be enabled. The default is ``true.'' bbeellllSSuupppprreessssTTiimmee ((class BBeellllSSuupppprreessssTTiimmee)) Number of milliseconds after a bell command is sent during which additional bells will be sup- pressed. Default is 200. If set non-zero, addi- tional bells will also be suppressed until the server reports that processing of the first bell has been completed; this feature is most useful with the visible bell. bboollddFFoonntt ((class BBoollddFFoonntt)) Specifies the name of the bold font to use instead of overstriking. X Version 11 Release 6.1 10 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) cc113322 ((class CC113322)) Specifies whether or not the VT102 DECCOLM escape sequence should be honored. The default is ``false.'' ccuuttNNeewwlliinnee ((class CCuuttNNeewwlliinnee)) If false, triple clicking to select a line does not include the Newline at the end of the line. If true, the Newline is selected. The default is ``true.'' ccuuttTTooBBeeggiinnnniinnggOOffLLiinnee ((class CCuuttTTooBBeeggiinnnniinnggOOffLLiinnee)) If false, triple clicking to select a line selects only from the current word forward. If true, the entire line is selected. The default is ``true.'' cchhaarrCCllaassss ((class CChhaarrCCllaassss)) Specifies comma-separated lists of character class bindings of the form [_l_o_w-]_h_i_g_h:_v_a_l_u_e. These are used in determining which sets of characters should be treated the same when doing cut and paste. See the section on specifying character classes. ccuurrsseess ((class CCuurrsseess)) Specifies whether or not the last column bug in _m_o_r_e(1) should be worked around. See the --ccuu option for details. The default is ``false.'' bbaacckkggrroouunndd ((class BBaacckkggrroouunndd)) Specifies the color to use for the background of the window. The default is ``white.'' ffoorreeggrroouunndd ((class FFoorreeggrroouunndd)) Specifies the color to use for displaying text in the window. Setting the class name instead of the instance name is an easy way to have everything that would normally appear in the text color change color. The default is ``black.'' ccuurrssoorrCCoolloorr ((class FFoorreeggrroouunndd)) Specifies the color to use for the text cursor. The default is ``black.'' eeiigghhttBBiittIInnppuutt ((class EEiigghhttBBiittIInnppuutt) If true, Meta characters input from the keyboard are presented as a single character with the eighth bit turned on. If false, Meta characters are converted into a two-character sequence with the character itself preceded by ESC. The default is ``true.'' eeiigghhttBBiittOOuuttppuutt ((class EEiigghhttBBiittOOuuttppuutt) Specifies whether or not eight-bit characters sent X Version 11 Release 6.1 11 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) from the host should be accepted as is or stripped when printed. The default is ``true.'' ffoonntt ((class FFoonntt)) Specifies the name of the normal font. The default is ``fixed.'' ffoonntt11 ((class FFoonntt11)) Specifies the name of the first alternative font. ffoonntt22 ((class FFoonntt22)) Specifies the name of the second alternative font. ffoonntt33 ((class FFoonntt33)) Specifies the name of the third alternative font. ffoonntt44 ((class FFoonntt44)) Specifies the name of the fourth alternative font. ffoonntt55 ((class FFoonntt55)) Specifies the name of the fifth alternative font. ffoonntt66 ((class FFoonntt66)) Specifies the name of the sixth alternative font. ggeeoommeettrryy ((class GGeeoommeettrryy)) Specifies the preferred size and position of the VT102 window. hhppLLoowweerrlleeffttBBuuggCCoommppaatt ((class HHppLLoowweerrlleeffttBBuuggCCoommppaatt)) Specifies whether to work around a bug in HP's _x_d_b, which ignores termcap and always sends ESC F to move to the lower left corner. ``true'' causes xterm to interpret ESC F as a request to move to the lower left corner of the screen. The default is ``false.'' iinntteerrnnaallBBoorrddeerr ((class BBoorrddeerrWWiiddtthh)) Specifies the number of pixels between the charac- ters and the window border. The default is 2. jjuummppSSccrroollll ((class JJuummppSSccrroollll)) Specifies whether or not jump scroll should be used. The default is ``true.'' llooggiinnSShheellll ((class LLooggiinnSShheellll)) Specifies whether or not the shell to be run in the window should be started as a login shell. The default is ``false.'' mmaarrggiinnBBeellll ((class MMaarrggiinnBBeellll)) Specifies whether or not the bell should be run when the user types near the right margin. The default is ``false.'' X Version 11 Release 6.1 12 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) mmuullttiiCClliicckkTTiimmee ((class MMuullttiiCClliicckkTTiimmee)) Specifies the maximum time in milliseconds between multi-click select events. The default is 250 milliseconds. mmuullttiiSSccrroollll ((class MMuullttiiSSccrroollll)) Specifies whether or not scrolling should be done asynchronously. The default is ``false.'' nnMMaarrggiinnBBeellll ((class CCoolluummnn)) Specifies the number of characters from the right margin at which the margin bell should be rung, when enabled. ppooiinntteerrCCoolloorr ((class FFoorreeggrroouunndd)) Specifies the foreground color of the pointer. The default is ``XtDefaultForeground.'' ppooiinntteerrCCoolloorrBBaacckkggrroouunndd ((class BBaacckkggrroouunndd)) Specifies the background color of the pointer. The default is ``XtDefaultBackground.'' ppooiinntteerrSShhaappee ((class CCuurrssoorr)) Specifies the name of the shape of the pointer. The default is ``xterm.'' rreessiizzeeGGrraavviittyy ((class RReessiizzeeGGrraavviittyy)) Affects the behavior when the window is resized to be taller or shorter. NNoorrtthhWWeesstt specifies that the top line of text on the screen stay fixed. If the window is made shorter, lines are dropped from the bottom; if the window is made taller, blank lines are added at the bottom. This is compatible with the behavior in R4. SSoouutthhWWeesstt (the default) specifies that the bottom line of text on the screen stay fixed. If the window is made taller, additional saved lines will be scrolled down onto the screen; if the window is made shorter, lines will be scrolled off the top of the screen, and the top saved lines will be dropped. rreevveerrsseeVViiddeeoo ((class RReevveerrsseeVViiddeeoo)) Specifies whether or not reverse video should be simulated. The default is ``false.'' rreevveerrsseeWWrraapp ((class RReevveerrsseeWWrraapp)) Specifies whether or not reverse-wraparound should be enabled. The default is ``false.'' ssaavveeLLiinneess ((class SSaavveeLLiinneess)) Specifies the number of lines to save beyond the top of the screen when a scrollbar is turned on. The default is 64. X Version 11 Release 6.1 13 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) ssccrroollllBBaarr ((class SSccrroollllBBaarr)) Specifies whether or not the scrollbar should be displayed. The default is ``false.'' ssccrroollllTTttyyOOuuttppuutt ((class SSccrroollllCCoonndd)) Specifies whether or not output to the terminal should automatically cause the scrollbar to go to the bottom of the scrolling region. The default is ``true.'' ssccrroollllKKeeyy ((class SSccrroollllCCoonndd)) Specifies whether or not pressing a key should automatically cause the scrollbar to go to the bottom of the scrolling region. The default is ``false.'' ssccrroollllLLiinneess ((class SSccrroollllLLiinneess)) Specifies the number of lines that the _s_c_r_o_l_l_-_b_a_c_k and _s_c_r_o_l_l_-_f_o_r_w actions should use as a default. The default value is 1. ssiiggnnaallIInnhhiibbiitt ((class SSiiggnnaallIInnhhiibbiitt)) Specifies whether or not the entries in the ``Main Options'' menu for sending signals to _x_t_e_r_m should be disallowed. The default is ``false.'' tteekkGGeeoommeettrryy ((class GGeeoommeettrryy)) Specifies the preferred size and position of the Tektronix window. tteekkIInnhhiibbiitt ((class TTeekkIInnhhiibbiitt)) Specifies whether or not the escape sequence to enter Tektronix mode should be ignored. The default is ``false.'' tteekkSSmmaallll ((class TTeekkSSmmaallll)) Specifies whether or not the Tektronix mode window should start in its smallest size if no explicit geometry is given. This is useful when running _x_t_e_r_m on displays with small screens. The default is ``false.'' tteekkSSttaarrttuupp ((class TTeekkSSttaarrttuupp)) Specifies whether or not _x_t_e_r_m should start up in Tektronix mode. The default is ``false.'' ttiitteeIInnhhiibbiitt ((class TTiitteeIInnhhiibbiitt)) Specifies whether or not _x_t_e_r_m should remove remove _t_i and _t_e termcap entries (used to switch between alternate screens on startup of many screen-oriented programs) from the TERMCAP string. If set, _x_t_e_r_m also ignores the escape sequence to switch to the alternate screen. X Version 11 Release 6.1 14 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) ttrraannssllaattiioonnss ((class TTrraannssllaattiioonnss)) Specifies the key and button bindings for menus, selections, ``programmed strings,'' etc. See AACCTTIIOONNSS below. vviissuuaallBBeellll ((class VViissuuaallBBeellll)) Specifies whether or not a visible bell (i.e. flashing) should be used instead of an audible bell when Control-G is received. The default is ``false.'' The following resources are specified as part of the _t_e_k_4_0_1_4 widget (class _T_e_k_4_0_1_4): wwiiddtthh ((class WWiiddtthh)) Specifies the width of the Tektronix window in pixels. hheeiigghhtt ((class HHeeiigghhtt)) Specifies the height of the Tektronix window in pixels. ffoonnttLLaarrggee ((class FFoonntt)) Specifies the large font to use in the Tektronix window. ffoonntt22 ((class FFoonntt)) Specifies font number 2 to use in the Tektronix window. ffoonntt33 ((class FFoonntt)) Specifies font number 3 to use in the Tektronix window. ffoonnttSSmmaallll ((class FFoonntt)) Specifies the small font to use in the Tektronix window. iinniittiiaallFFoonntt ((class IInniittiiaallFFoonntt)) Specifies which of the four Tektronix fonts to use initially. Values are the same as for the _s_e_t_- _t_e_k_-_t_e_x_t action. The default is ``large.'' ggiinnTTeerrmmiinnaattoorr ((class GGiinnTTeerrmmiinnaattoorr)) Specifies what character(s) should follow a GIN report or status report. The possibilities are ``none,'' which sends no terminating characters, ``CRonly,'' which sends CR, and ``CR&EOT,'' which sends both CR and EOT. The default is ``none.'' The resources that may be specified for the various menus are described in the documentation for the Athena X Version 11 Release 6.1 15 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) SSiimmpplleeMMeennuu widget. The name and classes of the entries in each of the menus are listed below. The _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u has the following entries: sseeccuurreekkbbdd ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseeccuurree(()) action. aalllloowwsseennddss ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the aallllooww--sseenndd--eevveennttss((ttooggggllee)) action. rreeddrraaww ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the rreeddrraaww(()) action. lliinnee11 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. ssuussppeenndd ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((ttssttpp)) action on systems that support job control. ccoonnttiinnuuee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((ccoonntt)) action on systems that support job control. iinntteerrrruupptt ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((iinntt)) action. hhaanngguupp ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((hhuupp)) action. tteerrmmiinnaattee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((tteerrmm)) action. kkiillll ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((kkiillll)) action. lliinnee22 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. qquuiitt ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the qquuiitt(()) action. The _v_t_M_e_n_u has the following entries: ssccrroollllbbaarr ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--ssccrroollllbbaarr((ttooggggllee)) action. jjuummppssccrroollll ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--jjuummppssccrroollll((ttooggggllee)) action. X Version 11 Release 6.1 16 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) rreevveerrsseevviiddeeoo ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--rreevveerrssee--vviiddeeoo((ttooggggllee)) action. aauuttoowwrraapp ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--aauuttoowwrraapp((ttooggggllee)) action. rreevveerrsseewwrraapp ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--rreevveerrsseewwrraapp((ttooggggllee)) action. aauuttoolliinneeffeeeedd ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--aauuttoolliinneeffeeeedd((ttooggggllee)) action. aappppccuurrssoorr ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--aappppccuurrssoorr((ttooggggllee)) action. aappppkkeeyyppaadd ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--aappppkkeeyyppaadd((ttooggggllee)) action. ssccrroollllkkeeyy ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--ssccrroollll--oonn--kkeeyy((ttooggggllee)) action. ssccrroollllttttyyoouuttppuutt ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--ssccrroollll--oonn--ttttyy-- oouuttppuutt((ttooggggllee)) action. aallllooww113322 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--aallllooww113322((ttooggggllee)) action. ccuurrsseesseemmuull ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--ccuurrsseesseemmuull((ttooggggllee)) action. vviissuuaallbbeellll ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vviissuuaallbbeellll((ttooggggllee)) action. mmaarrggiinnbbeellll ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--mmaarrggiinnbbeellll((ttooggggllee)) action. aallttssccrreeeenn ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry is currently disabled. lliinnee11 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. X Version 11 Release 6.1 17 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) ssooffttrreesseett ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the ssoofftt--rreesseett(()) action. hhaarrddrreesseett ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the hhaarrdd--rreesseett(()) action. cclleeaarrssaavveeddlliinneess ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB))"" This entry invokes the cclleeaarr--ssaavveedd--lliinneess(()) action. lliinnee22 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. tteekksshhooww ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vviissiibbiilliittyy((tteekk,,ttooggggllee)) action. tteekkmmooddee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteerrmmiinnaall--ttyyppee((tteekk)) action. vvtthhiiddee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vviissiibbiilliittyy((vvtt,,ooffff)) action. The _f_o_n_t_M_e_n_u has the following entries: ffoonnttddeeffaauulltt ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((dd)) action. ffoonntt11 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((11)) action. ffoonntt22 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((22)) action. ffoonntt33 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((33)) action. ffoonntt44 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((44)) action. ffoonntt55 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((55)) action. ffoonntt66 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((66)) action. ffoonntteessccaappee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((ee)) action. ffoonnttsseell ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((ss)) action. X Version 11 Release 6.1 18 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) The _t_e_k_M_e_n_u has the following entries: tteekktteexxttllaarrggee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteekk--tteexxtt((ll)) action. tteekktteexxtt22 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteekk--tteexxtt((22)) action. tteekktteexxtt33 ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteekk--tteexxtt((33)) action. tteekktteexxttssmmaallll ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteekk--tteexxtt((ss)) action. lliinnee11 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. tteekkppaaggee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the tteekk--ppaaggee(()) action. tteekkrreesseett ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the tteekk--rreesseett(()) action. tteekkccooppyy ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the tteekk--ccooppyy(()) action. lliinnee22 ((class SSmmeeLLiinnee)) This is a separator. vvttsshhooww ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vviissiibbiilliittyy((vvtt,,ttooggggllee)) action. vvttmmooddee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--tteerrmmiinnaall--ttyyppee((vvtt)) action. tteekkhhiiddee ((class SSmmeeBBSSBB)) This entry invokes the sseett--vviissiibbiilliittyy((tteekk,,ttooggggllee)) action. The following resources are useful when specified for the Athena Scrollbar widget: tthhiicckknneessss ((class TThhiicckknneessss)) Specifies the width in pixels of the scrollbar. bbaacckkggrroouunndd ((class BBaacckkggrroouunndd)) Specifies the color to use for the background of the scrollbar. ffoorreeggrroouunndd ((class FFoorreeggrroouunndd)) Specifies the color to use for the foreground of X Version 11 Release 6.1 19 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) the scrollbar. The ``thumb'' of the scrollbar is a simple checkerboard pattern alternating pixels for foreground and background color. PPOOIINNTTEERR UUSSAAGGEE Once the VT102 window is created, _x_t_e_r_m allows you to select text and copy it within the same or other windows. The selection functions are invoked when the pointer but- tons are used with no modifiers, and when they are used with the ``shift'' key. The assignment of the functions described below to keys and buttons may be changed through the resource database; see AACCTTIIOONNSS below. Pointer button one (usually left) is used to save text into the cut buffer. Move the cursor to beginning of the text, and then hold the button down while moving the cur- sor to the end of the region and releasing the button. The selected text is highlighted and is saved in the global cut buffer and made the PRIMARY selection when the button is released. Double-clicking selects by words. Triple-clicking selects by lines. Quadruple-clicking goes back to characters, etc. Multiple-click is determined by the time from button up to button down, so you can change the selection unit in the middle of a selection. If the key/button bindings specify that an X selection is to be made, _x_t_e_r_m will leave the selected text highlighted for as long as it is the selection owner. Pointer button two (usually middle) `types' (pastes) the text from the PRIMARY selection, if any, otherwise from the cut buffer, inserting it as keyboard input. Pointer button three (usually right) extends the current selection. (Without loss of generality, you can swap ``right'' and ``left'' everywhere in the rest of this paragraph.) If pressed while closer to the right edge of the selection than the left, it extends/contracts the right edge of the selection. If you contract the selec- tion past the left edge of the selection, _x_t_e_r_m assumes you really meant the left edge, restores the original selection, then extends/contracts the left edge of the selection. Extension starts in the selection unit mode that the last selection or extension was performed in; you can multiple-click to cycle through them. By cutting and pasting pieces of text without trailing new lines, you can take text from several places in different windows and form a command to the shell, for example, or take output from a program and insert it into your favorite editor. Since the cut buffer is globally shared among different applications, you should regard it as a `file' whose contents you know. The terminal emulator and other text programs should be treating it as if it were a X Version 11 Release 6.1 20 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) text file, i.e., the text is delimited by new lines. The scroll region displays the position and amount of text currently showing in the window (highlighted) relative to the amount of text actually saved. As more text is saved (up to the maximum), the size of the highlighted area decreases. Clicking button one with the pointer in the scroll region moves the adjacent line to the top of the display window. Clicking button three moves the top line of the display window down to the pointer position. Clicking button two moves the display to a position in the saved text that corresponds to the pointer's position in the scrollbar. Unlike the VT102 window, the Tektronix window dows not allow the copying of text. It does allow Tektronix GIN mode, and in this mode the cursor will change from an arrow to a cross. Pressing any key will send that key and the current coordinate of the cross cursor. Pressing but- ton one, two, or three will return the letters `l', `m', and `r', respectively. If the `shift' key is pressed when a pointer button is pressed, the corresponding upper case letter is sent. To distinguish a pointer button from a key, the high bit of the character is set (but this is bit is normally stripped unless the terminal mode is RAW; see _t_t_y(4) for details). MMEENNUUSS _X_t_e_r_m has four menus, named _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u, _v_t_M_e_n_u, _f_o_n_t_M_e_n_u, and _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. Each menu pops up under the correct combina- tions of key and button presses. Most menus are divided into two section, separated by a horizontal line. The top portion contains various modes that can be altered. A check mark appears next to a mode that is currently active. Selecting one of these modes toggles its state. The bottom portion of the menu are command entries; selecting one of these performs the indicated function. The xxtteerrmm menu pops up when the ``control'' key and pointer button one are pressed in a window. The _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u contains items that apply to both the VT102 and Tektronix windows. The SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd mode is be used when typing in passwords or other sensitive data in an unsecure envi- ronment; see SSEECCUURRIITTYY below. Notable entries in the com- mand section of the menu are the CCoonnttiinnuuee, SSuussppeenndd, IInntteerr-- rruupptt, HHaanngguupp, TTeerrmmiinnaattee and KKiillll which sends the SIGCONT, SIGTSTP, SIGINT, SIGHUP, SIGTERM and SIGKILL signals, respectively, to the process group of the process running under _x_t_e_r_m (usually the shell). The CCoonnttiinnuuee function is X Version 11 Release 6.1 21 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) especially useful if the user has accidentally typed CTRL- Z, suspending the process. The _v_t_M_e_n_u sets various modes in the VT102 emulation, and is popped up when the ``control'' key and pointer button two are pressed in the VT102 window. In the command sec- tion of this menu, the soft reset entry will reset scroll regions. This can be convenient when some program has left the scroll regions set incorrectly (often a problem when using VMS or TOPS-20). The full reset entry will clear the screen, reset tabs to every eight columns, and reset the terminal modes (such as wrap and smooth scroll) to their initial states just after _x_t_e_r_m has finished pro- cessing the command line options. The _f_o_n_t_M_e_n_u sets the font used in the VT102 window. In addition to the default font and a number of alternatives that are set with resources, the menu offers the font last specified by the Set Font escape sequence (see the docu- ment _X_t_e_r_m _C_o_n_t_r_o_l _S_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s) and the current selection as a font name (if the PRIMARY selection is owned). The _t_e_k_M_e_n_u sets various modes in the Tektronix emulation, and is popped up when the ``control'' key and pointer but- ton two are pressed in the Tektronix window. The current font size is checked in the modes section of the menu. The PPAAGGEE entry in the command section clears the Tektronix window. SSEECCUURRIITTYY X environments differ in their security consciousness. Most servers, run under _x_d_m, are capable of using a ``magic cookie'' authorization scheme that can provide a reasonable level of security for many people. If your server is only using a host-based mechanism to control access to the server (see _x_h_o_s_t_(_1_)), then if you enable access for a host and other users are also permitted to run clients on that same host, there is every possibility that someone can run an application that will use the basic services of the X protocol to snoop on your activi- ties, potentially capturing a transcript of everything you type at the keyboard. This is of particular concern when you want to type in a password or other sensitive data. The best solution to this problem is to use a better authorization mechanism that host-based control, but a simple mechanism exists for protecting keyboard input in _x_t_e_r_m. The xxtteerrmm menu (see MMEENNUUSS above) contains a SSeeccuurree KKeeyy-- bbooaarrdd entry which, when enabled, ensures that all keyboard input is directed _o_n_l_y to _x_t_e_r_m (using the GrabKeyboard protocol request). When an application prompts you for a password (or other sensitive data), you can enable SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd using the menu, type in the data, and then X Version 11 Release 6.1 22 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) disable SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd using the menu again. Only one X client at a time can secure the keyboard, so when you attempt to enable SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd it may fail. In this case, the bell will sound. If the SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd suc- ceeds, the foreground and background colors will be exchanged (as if you selected the RReevveerrssee VViiddeeoo entry in the MMooddeess menu); they will be exchanged again when you exit secure mode. If the colors do _n_o_t switch, then you should be _v_e_r_y suspicious that you are being spoofed. If the application you are running displays a prompt before asking for the password, it is safest to enter secure mode _b_e_f_o_r_e the prompt gets displayed, and to make sure that the prompt gets displayed correctly (in the new colors), to minimize the probability of spoofing. You can also bring up the menu again and make sure that a check mark appears next to the entry. SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd mode will be disabled automatically if your xterm window becomes iconified (or otherwise unmapped), or if you start up a reparenting window manager (that places a title bar or other decoration around the window) while in SSeeccuurree KKeeyybbooaarrdd mode. (This is a feature of the X protocol not easily overcome.) When this hap- pens, the foreground and background colors will be switched back and the bell will sound in warning. CCHHAARRAACCTTEERR CCLLAASSSSEESS Clicking the middle mouse button twice in rapid succession will cause all characters of the same class (e.g. letters, white space, punctuation) to be selected. Since different people have different preferences for what should be selected (for example, should filenames be selected as a whole or only the separate subnames), the default mapping can be overridden through the use of the _c_h_a_r_C_l_a_s_s (class _C_h_a_r_C_l_a_s_s) resource. This resource is a series of comma-separated of _r_a_n_g_e:_v_a_l_u_e pairs. The _r_a_n_g_e is either a single number or _l_o_w-_h_i_g_h in the range of 0 to 127, corresponding to the ASCII code for the character or characters to be set. The _v_a_l_u_e is arbitrary, although the default table uses the character number of the first character occurring in the set. The default table is ssttaattiicc iinntt cchhaarrCCllaassss[[112288]] == {{ //** NNUULL SSOOHH SSTTXX EETTXX EEOOTT EENNQQ AACCKK BBEELL **// 3322,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, //** BBSS HHTT NNLL VVTT NNPP CCRR SSOO SSII **// 11,, 3322,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, //** DDLLEE DDCC11 DDCC22 DDCC33 DDCC44 NNAAKK SSYYNN EETTBB **// 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, //** CCAANN EEMM SSUUBB EESSCC FFSS GGSS RRSS UUSS **// X Version 11 Release 6.1 23 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, 11,, //** SSPP !! "" ## $$ %% && '' **// 3322,, 3333,, 3344,, 3355,, 3366,, 3377,, 3388,, 3399,, //** (( )) ** ++ ,, -- .. // **// 4400,, 4411,, 4422,, 4433,, 4444,, 4455,, 4466,, 4477,, //** 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** 88 99 :: ;; << == >> ?? **// 4488,, 4488,, 5588,, 5599,, 6600,, 6611,, 6622,, 6633,, //** @@ AA BB CC DD EE FF GG **// 6644,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** HH II JJ KK LL MM NN OO **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** PP QQ RR SS TT UU VV WW **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** XX YY ZZ [[ \\ ]] ^^ __ **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 9911,, 9922,, 9933,, 9944,, 4488,, //** `` aa bb cc dd ee ff gg **// 9966,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** hh ii jj kk ll mm nn oo **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** pp qq rr ss tt uu vv ww **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, //** xx yy zz {{ || }} ~~ DDEELL **// 4488,, 4488,, 4488,, 112233,, 112244,, 112255,, 112266,, 11}};; For example, the string ``33:48,37:48,45-47:48,64:48'' indicates that the exclamation mark, percent sign, dash, period, slash, and ampersand characters should be treated the same way as characters and numbers. This is useful for cutting and pasting electronic mailing addresses and filenames. AACCTTIIOONNSS It is possible to rebind keys (or sequences of keys) to arbitrary strings for input, by changing the translations for the vt100 or tek4014 widgets. Changing the transla- tions for events other than key and button events is not expected, and will cause unpredictable behavior. The fol- lowing actions are provided for using within the _v_t_1_0_0 or _t_e_k_4_0_1_4 ttrraannssllaattiioonnss resources: bbeellll(([[_p_e_r_c_e_n_t]])) This action rings the keyboard bell at the speci- fied percentage above or below the base volume. iiggnnoorree(()) This action ignores the event but checks for spe- cial pointer position escape sequences. iinnsseerrtt(()) This action inserts the character or string asso- ciated with the key that was pressed. X Version 11 Release 6.1 24 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) iinnsseerrtt--sseevveenn--bbiitt(()) This action is a synonym for iinnsseerrtt(()) iinnsseerrtt--eeiigghhtt--bbiitt(()) This action inserts an eight-bit (Meta) version of the character or string associated with the key that was pressed. The exact action depends on the value of the eeiigghhttBBiittIInnppuutt resource. iinnsseerrtt--sseelleeccttiioonn((_s_o_u_r_c_e_n_a_m_e [[,, ......]])) This action inserts the string found in the selec- tion or cutbuffer indicated by _s_o_u_r_c_e_n_a_m_e. Sources are checked in the order given (case is significant) until one is found. Commonly-used selections include: _P_R_I_M_A_R_Y, _S_E_C_O_N_D_A_R_Y, and _C_L_I_P_- _B_O_A_R_D. Cut buffers are typically named _C_U_T___B_U_F_F_E_R_0 through _C_U_T___B_U_F_F_E_R_7. kkeeyymmaapp((_n_a_m_e)) This action dynamically defines a new translation table whose resource name is _n_a_m_e with the suffix _K_e_y_m_a_p (case is significant). The name _N_o_n_e restores the original translation table. ppooppuupp--mmeennuu((_m_e_n_u_n_a_m_e)) This action displays the specified popup menu. Valid names (case is significant) include: _m_a_i_n_- _M_e_n_u, _v_t_M_e_n_u, _f_o_n_t_M_e_n_u, and _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. sseeccuurree(()) This action toggles the _S_e_c_u_r_e _K_e_y_b_o_a_r_d mode described in the section named SSEECCUURRIITTYY, and is invoked from the sseeccuurreekkbbdd entry in _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u. sseelleecctt--ssttaarrtt(()) This action begins text selection at the current pointer location. See the section on PPOOIINNTTEERR UUSSAAGGEE for information on making selections. sseelleecctt--eexxtteenndd(()) This action tracks the pointer and extends the selection. It should only be bound to Motion events. sseelleecctt--eenndd((_d_e_s_t_n_a_m_e [[,, ......]])) This action puts the currently selected text into all of the selections or cutbuffers specified by _d_e_s_t_n_a_m_e. sseelleecctt--ccuurrssoorr--ssttaarrtt(()) This action is similar to sseelleecctt--ssttaarrtt except that it begins the selection at the current text cursor position. X Version 11 Release 6.1 25 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) sseelleecctt--ccuurrssoorr--eenndd((_d_e_s_t_n_a_m_e [[,, ......]])) This action is similar to sseelleecctt--eenndd except that it should be used with sseelleecctt--ccuurrssoorr--ssttaarrtt. sseett--vvtt--ffoonntt((_d_/_1_/_2_/_3_/_4_/_5_/_6_/_e_/_s [[,,_n_o_r_m_a_l_f_o_n_t [[,, _b_o_l_d_f_o_n_t]]]])) This action sets the font or fonts currently being used in the VT102 window. The first argument is a single character that specifies the font to be used: _d or _D indicate the default font (the font initially used when _x_t_e_r_m was started), _1 through _6 indicate the fonts specified by the _f_o_n_t_1 through _f_o_n_t_6 resources, _e or _E indicate the nor- mal and bold fonts that have been set through escape codes (or specified as the second and third action arguments, respectively), and _s or _S indi- cate the font selection (as made by programs such as _x_f_o_n_t_s_e_l_(_1_)) indicated by the second action argument. ssttaarrtt--eexxtteenndd(()) This action is similar to sseelleecctt--ssttaarrtt except that the selection is extended to the current pointer location. ssttaarrtt--ccuurrssoorr--eexxtteenndd(()) This action is similar to sseelleecctt--eexxtteenndd except that the selection is extended to the current text cursor position. ssttrriinngg((_s_t_r_i_n_g)) This action inserts the specified text string as if it had been typed. Quotation is necessary if the string contains whitespace or non-alphanumeric characters. If the string argument begins with the characters ``0x'', it is interpreted as a hex character constant. ssccrroollll--bbaacckk((_c_o_u_n_t [[,,_u_n_i_t_s]])) This action scrolls the text window backward so that text that had previously scrolled off the top of the screen is now visible. The _c_o_u_n_t argument indicates the number of _u_n_i_t_s (which may be _p_a_g_e, _h_a_l_f_p_a_g_e, _p_i_x_e_l, or _l_i_n_e) by which to scroll. ssccrroollll--ffoorrww((_c_o_u_n_t [[,,_u_n_i_t_s]])) This action scrolls is similar to ssccrroollll--bbaacckk except that it scrolls the other direction. aallllooww--sseenndd--eevveennttss((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action set or toggles the aalllloowwSSeennddEEvveennttss resource and is also invoked by the aalllloowwsseennddss entry in _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u. X Version 11 Release 6.1 26 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) rreeddrraaww(()) This action redraws the window and is also invoked by the _r_e_d_r_a_w entry in _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u. sseenndd--ssiiggnnaall((_s_i_g_n_a_m_e)) This action sends the signal named by _s_i_g_n_a_m_e to the _x_t_e_r_m subprocess (the shell or program speci- fied with the _-_e command line option) and is also invoked by the ssuussppeenndd, ccoonnttiinnuuee, iinntteerrrruupptt, hhaanngguupp, tteerrmmiinnaattee, and kkiillll entries in _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u. Allowable signal names are (case is not signifi- cant): _t_s_t_p (if supported by the operating sys- tem), _s_u_s_p_e_n_d (same as _t_s_t_p), _c_o_n_t (if supported by the operating system), _i_n_t, _h_u_p, _t_e_r_m, _q_u_i_t, _a_l_r_m, _a_l_a_r_m (same as _a_l_r_m) and _k_i_l_l. qquuiitt(()) This action sends a SIGHUP to the subprogram and exits. It is also invoked by the qquuiitt entry in _m_a_i_n_M_e_n_u. sseett--ssccrroollllbbaarr((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the ssccrroollllbbaarr resource and is also invoked by the ssccrroollllbbaarr entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--jjuummppssccrroollll((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the jjuummppssccrroollll resource and is also invoked by the jjuummppssccrroollll entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--rreevveerrssee--vviiddeeoo((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the _r_e_v_e_r_s_e_V_i_d_e_o resource and is also invoked by the rreevveerrsseevviiddeeoo entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--aauuttoowwrraapp((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles automatic wrapping of long lines and is also invoked by the aauuttoowwrraapp entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--rreevveerrsseewwrraapp((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the rreevveerrsseeWWrraapp resource and is also invoked by the rreevveerrsseewwrraapp entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--aauuttoolliinneeffeeeedd((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles automatic insertion of line- feeds and is also invoked by the aauuttoolliinneeffeeeedd entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--aappppccuurrssoorr((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the handling Application Cur- sor Key mode and is also invoked by the aappppccuurrssoorr entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. X Version 11 Release 6.1 27 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) sseett--aappppkkeeyyppaadd((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the handling of Application Keypad mode and is also invoked by the aappppkkeeyyppaadd entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--ssccrroollll--oonn--kkeeyy((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the ssccrroollllKKeeyy resource and is also invoked from the ssccrroollllkkeeyy entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--ssccrroollll--oonn--ttttyy--oouuttppuutt((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the ssccrroollllTTttyyOOuuttppuutt resource and is also invoked from the ssccrroollllttttyyoouuttppuutt entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--aallllooww113322((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the cc113322 resource and is also invoked from the aallllooww113322 entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--ccuurrsseesseemmuull((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the ccuurrsseess resource and is also invoked from the ccuurrsseesseemmuull entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--vviissuuaall--bbeellll((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the vviissuuaallBBeellll resource and is also invoked by the vviissuuaallbbeellll entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--mmaarrggiinnbbeellll((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles the mmaarrggiinnBBeellll resource and is also invoked from the mmaarrggiinnbbeellll entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--aallttssccrreeeenn((_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action toggles between the alternate and cur- rent screens. ssoofftt--rreesseett(()) This action resets the scrolling region and is also invoked from the ssooffttrreesseett entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. hhaarrdd--rreesseett(()) This action resets the scrolling region, tabs, window size, and cursor keys and clears the screen. It is also invoked from the hhaarrddrreesseett entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. cclleeaarr--ssaavveedd--lliinneess(()) This action does hhaarrdd--rreesseett(()) (see above) and also clears the history of lines saved off the top of the screen. It is also invoked from the cclleeaarrssaavveeddlliinneess entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u. sseett--tteerrmmiinnaall--ttyyppee((_t_y_p_e)) This action directs output to either the _v_t or _t_e_k windows, according to the _t_y_p_e string. It is also invoked by the tteekkmmooddee entry in _v_t_M_e_n_u and the X Version 11 Release 6.1 28 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) vvttmmooddee entry in _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. sseett--vviissiibbiilliittyy((_v_t_/_t_e_k,,_o_n_/_o_f_f_/_t_o_g_g_l_e)) This action controls whether or not the _v_t or _t_e_k windows are visible. It is also invoked from the tteekksshhooww and vvtthhiiddee entries in _v_t_M_e_n_u and the vvttsshhooww and tteekkhhiiddee entries in _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. sseett--tteekk--tteexxtt((_l_a_r_g_e_/_2_/_3_/_s_m_a_l_l)) This action sets font used in the Tektronix window to the value of the resources tteekktteexxttllaarrggee, tteekk-- tteexxtt22, tteekktteexxtt33, and tteekktteexxttssmmaallll according to the argument. It is also by the entries of the same names as the resources in _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. tteekk--ppaaggee(()) This action clears the Tektronix window and is also invoked by the tteekkppaaggee entry in _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. tteekk--rreesseett(()) This action resets the Tektronix window and is also invoked by the _t_e_k_r_e_s_e_t entry in _t_e_k_M_e_n_u. tteekk--ccooppyy(()) This action copies the escape codes used to gener- ate the current window contents to a file in the current directory beginning with the name COPY. It is also invoked from the _t_e_k_c_o_p_y entry in _t_e_k_- _M_e_n_u. vviissuuaall--bbeellll(()) This action flashes the window quickly. The Tektronix window also has the following action: ggiinn--pprreessss((_l_/_L_/_m_/_M_/_r_/_R)) This action sends the indicated graphics input code. The default bindings in the VT102 window are: Shift <KeyPress> Prior:scroll-back(1,halfpage) \n\ Shift <KeyPress> Next:scroll-forw(1,halfpage) \n\ Shift <KeyPress> Select:select-cursor-start() \ select-cursor-end(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\ Shift <KeyPress> Insert:insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\ ~Meta<KeyPress>:insert-seven-bit() \n\ Meta<KeyPress>:insert-eight-bit() \n\ !Ctrl <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ ! @Num_Lock Ctrl <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ ~Meta <Btn1Down>:select-start() \n\ ~Meta <Btn1Motion>:select-extend() \n\ X Version 11 Release 6.1 29 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) !Ctrl <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\ ! @Num_Lock Ctrl <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(vtMenu) \n\ ~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn2Down>:ignore() \n\ ~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn2Up>:insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\ !Ctrl <Btn3Down>:popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl <Btn3Down>:popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn3Down>:popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\ ! @Num_Lock Ctrl <Btn3Down>:popup-menu(fontMenu) \n\ ~Ctrl ~Meta <Btn3Down>:start-extend() \n\ ~Meta <Btn3Motion>:select-extend() \n\ <BtnUp>:select-end(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) \n\ <BtnDown>:bell(0) The default bindings in the Tektronix window are: ~Meta<KeyPress>: insert-seven-bit() \n\ Meta<KeyPress>: insert-eight-bit() \n\ !Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl <Btn1Down>: popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn1Down>:popup-menu(mainMenu) \n\ !Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl <Btn2Down>: popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\ !Lock Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\ !Ctrl @Num_Lock <Btn2Down>:popup-menu(tekMenu) \n\ Shift ~Meta<Btn1Down>:gin-press(L) \n\ ~Meta<Btn1Down>:gin-press(l) \n\ Shift ~Meta<Btn2Down>:gin-press(M) \n\ ~Meta<Btn2Down>:gin-press(m) \n\ Shift ~Meta<Btn3Down>:gin-press(R) \n\ ~Meta<Btn3Down>:gin-press(r) Below is a sample how of the kkeeyymmaapp(()) action is used to add special keys for entering commonly-typed works: *VT100.Translations: #override <Key>F13: keymap(dbx) *VT100.dbxKeymap.translations: \ <Key>F14: keymap(None) \n\ <Key>F17: string("next") string(0x0d) \n\ <Key>F18: string("step") string(0x0d) \n\ <Key>F19: string("continue") string(0x0d) \n\ <Key>F20: string("print ") insert-selection(PRIMARY, CUT_BUFFER0) EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT _X_t_e_r_m sets the environment variables ``TERM'' and ``TERM- CAP'' properly for the size window you have created. It also uses and sets the environment variable ``DISPLAY'' to specify which bit map display terminal to use. The envi- ronment variable ``WINDOWID'' is set to the X window id X Version 11 Release 6.1 30 XTERM(1) XTERM(1) number of the _x_t_e_r_m window. SSEEEE AALLSSOO resize(1), X(1), pty(4), tty(4) _X_t_e_r_m _C_o_n_t_r_o_l _S_e_q_u_e_n_c_e_s BBUUGGSS Large pastes do not work on some systems. This is not a bug in _x_t_e_r_m; it is a bug in the pseudo terminal driver of those systems. _x_t_e_r_m feeds large pastes to the pty only as fast as the pty will accept data, but some pty drivers do not return enough information to know if the write has succeeded. Many of the options are not resettable after _x_t_e_r_m starts. Only fixed-width, character-cell fonts are supported. This program still needs to be rewritten. It should be split into very modular sections, with the various emula- tors being completely separate widgets that don't know about each other. Ideally, you'd like to be able to pick and choose emulator widgets and stick them into a single control widget. There needs to be a dialog box to allow entry of the Tek COPY file name. AAUUTTHHOORRSS Far too many people, including: Loretta Guarino Reid (DEC-UEG-WSL), Joel McCormack (DEC- UEG-WSL), Terry Weissman (DEC-UEG-WSL), Edward Moy (Berke- ley), Ralph R. Swick (MIT-Athena), Mark Vandevoorde (MIT- Athena), Bob McNamara (DEC-MAD), Jim Gettys (MIT-Athena), Bob Scheifler (MIT X Consortium), Doug Mink (SAO), Steve Pitschke (Stellar), Ron Newman (MIT-Athena), Jim Fulton (MIT X Consortium), Dave Serisky (HP), Jonathan Kamens (MIT-Athena) X Version 11 Release 6.1 31