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- -------------------------------------------------------------
- Rating | Pre | Adjusted | Post
- difference |-------------------------------------------------
- | Matches Upsets | Matches Upsets | Matches Upsets
- -------------------------------------------------------------
- 0- 299 | 973 272 | 1126 260 | 1123 212
- 300- 599 | 229 15 | 275 4 | 283 1
- 600- 899 | 69 1 | 86 0 | 80 0
- 900-1199 | 11 0 | 17 0 | 18 0
- 1200-3000 | 3 0 | 6 0 | 6 0
- -------------------------------------------------------------
-
- The reason there are fewer total matches in the "Pre" column is that we
- have excluded those matches that involve an unrated player. For our
- purposes, the main thing to notice is how few matches there are with large
- rating differences and how few of them are upsets. Hence any estimate we
- calculate for the probability of winning when there are large rating
- differences will be of questionable accuracy. Of course we are using only 8
- tournaments; there are over 200 tournaments per year.
-
-
- TECHNICAL STUFF
-
- To proceed we need a model for the probability of winning a nonhandicap
- match as a function of the rating difference. This gets technical for
- awhile. We will use a logistic model. Let D be the rating difference, P be
- the probability of winning a nonhandicap 2 out of 3 match, and b be the
- model parameter. The form of the logistic model is
-
- P( D ) = exp( bD ) / ( 1 + exp( bD ) )
-
- We fit the model to each of the three sets of data by maximum likelihood.
- Here is the result.
-
- ------------------
- Ratings | b
- ---------|--------
- Pre | 0.00795
- Adjusted | 0.01115
- Post | 0.01517
- ------------------
-
- Each model lets us calculate the probability of winning a nonhandicap 2 out
- of 3 match for any difference in rating. Given standard assumptions
- (probability of winning a point is independent of the score and of who is
- serving) a probability of winning a nonhandicap 2 out of 3 match
- corresponds to a probability of winning a point.
-
- This suggests how to calculate a handicap chart. Pick one of the three
- models. Pick a rating difference. Convert this to the probability of
- winning a nonhandicap 2 out of 3 match using the model. Convert this to the
- probability of winning a point. Now find the handicap such that the
- probability of winning a handicap match is 0.5 (i.e., the handicap match is
- fair to both players). By the way, my 386 computer (no coprocessor) needed
- about an hour to compute the charts.
-
-