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- AUTOMATIC PACKET REPORTING SYSTEM DIGIPEATERS
-
- Although digipeaters work poorly for AX.25 level 2 connections, they are
- ideal for APRS operation using UI frames only. In the Washington DC area and
- Chesapeake Bay area, we are establishing a network of wide area DIGI's on the
- simplex packet frequency of 145.79. This frequency is for Keyboard QSO's and
- all UI frame applications. Operation of BBS's, forwarding, file transfers,
- TCP-IP and DX clusters are discouraged.
-
- All wide area digipeaters have the same alias of WIDE in addition to
- their normal HAM callsign. These wide area Digi's are spaced several tens of
- miles apart so that they are not too close, but that they can hit their
- adjacent other WIDE digi's. Similarly all APRS stations are initialized to
- have an alias of RELAY and to send all UI frames via the path of RELAY. THis
- way, a mobile, or new station on the air does not have to know anything about
- the network in advance, but to simply turn on his computer to be seen by
- adjacent nodes. After 10 minutes and his map begins to show the location of
- all stations and digipeaters on frequency, he can customize his outgoing
- Unproto path to specific digipeaters to cover his intended area.
-
- Assuming WIDE are digipeaters are about 30 to 50 miles apart it is very
- easy to select an UNPROTO path prior to a road trip which will assure that
- your location packets will always get back to your home area. In the
- following examples the HAM calls of EAST and WEST are used for clarity.
-
-
- WEST-3 WEST-2 WEST-1 HOME EAST-1 EAST-2 EAST-3
- WIDE WIDE WIDE RELAY WIDE WIDE WIDE
-
-
- If the mobile is going east for the day, and will be operating in the
- vicinity of EAST-3 digipeater, the operator can preset his UNPROTO path to be
- via WIDE,EAST-2,WIDE. Notice that not only will his packets make it back to
- home from the area of EAST-3, but also from the area of EAST-1 since EAST-1
- will also respond to the first WIDE in the list. Similarly, stations in the
- vicinity of EAST-3 are alerted to his movements as he leaves home, since the
- WIDE,EAST-2,WIDE specification is symetrical. If he set the UNPROTO path to
- EAST-3,EAST-2,EAST-1 in the usual manner, he would not be tracked at his home
- until he actually arrived at his destination. As you can see, having the
- flexibility to alternate the generic alias's of RELAY or WIDE with other
- known sites gives a good degree of flexibility without having to change the
- UNPROTO path while on the road. Using the three digipeater string, he can
- wander up to 150 miles in his planned direction and still be tracked by the
- XYL. If he has no idea where he is going, he can always use the path of
- WIDE,WIDE or even WIDE,WIDE,WIDE and go anywhere, but with greater QRM on the
- channel. Yes there are multiple collisions, and repeats, but the packet does
- get out to the third tier!
-
- The ultimate APRS digipeater configuration is to have modified TNC-2
- digipeater code so that any digipeater hearing a packet with its callsign
- anywhere in the UNPROTO path will digipeate the packet as long as it was not
- previously digipeated by any stations earlier in the list. This way, to
- always report your movements back home, you always place digipeaters in your
- UNPROTO command in the reverse order of your travels. Your packets will be
- digipeated back to your home area as you enter each new digipeater in your
- direction of travel. For example:
-
-
- HOME DIGI-1 DIGI-2 DIGI-3 etc
-
- If we can get TAPR to modify the code, the mobile could specify the
- UNPROTO path of VIA DIGI-3,DIGI-2,DIGI-1 in order to be tracked anywhere all
- the way out to the area of DIGI-3. If the mobile is in the DIGI-1/DIGI-2
- area, DIGI-1 will repeat the packet. DIGI-2 will not digi the DIGI-1 packet
- because it is to the right in the list. If DIGI-2 also hears the mobile
- packet, it will pause and if it does not hear the DIGI-1 repeat, then it
- will. When DIGI-1 hears the DIGI-2 packet, it will further digipeate it,
- since DIGI-2 is to its left in the field. Similarly as the mobile enters the
- 2/3 area, DIGI-2 will digipeate back in the direction of DIGI-1 and DIGI-3
- will pause and not transmit. If DIGI-3 does not hear DIGI-2, then it will
- digi the packet and it will go back via 2 to 1 as desired.
-
- This algorithm works perfectly well in reverse. If a mobile desires to
- announce his progress forward in the direction of his travel he can specify
- the digipeaters in the forward direction. Then using this algorithm, all of
- his packets will be repeated in the forward direction, but not in the
- backward direction.
-
- Until we get new UI forwarding algorithms in standard TNC's, however,
- the general aliases of WIDE and RELAY will do nicely. If fixed, known
- digipeaters are available, even with the generic alias of WIDE, it is best
- for fixed APRS stations to use the digipeaters unique callsign instead of
- alias to avoid any ambiguity.