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- $Unique_ID{BRK04265}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Thrombasthenia}
- $Subject{Thrombasthenia Glanzmann Disease Glanzmann-Naegeli Syndrome
- Diacyclothrombopathia }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 156:
- Thrombasthenia
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Thrombasthenia) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Glanzmann Disease
- Glanzmann-Naegeli Syndrome
- Diacyclothrombopathia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section.
-
-
- Thrombasthenia is a hereditary disorder of blood coagulation due to
- defects in the functioning of platelets, blood elements important in clotting
- after injuries. Several different genetic abnormalities may cause the
- disease. Thrombasthenia is not progressive; in fact, the condition seems to
- improve with age. Prolonged episodes of bleeding can, however, be life-
- threatening if not successfully treated.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Thrombasthenia manifests itself at birth or shortly thereafter. Affected
- individuals tend to bleed easily and profusely, particularly after injuries
- and during surgery. They are susceptible to bruises and large purplish areas
- on the skin due to tiny spots of subcutaneous bleeding. Nosebleeds,
- unusually heavy menstrual flow, or irregular uterine bleeding may also be
- present. Severity varies from one individual to the next.
-
- Laboratory investigations reveal abnormalities in the appearance and
- biochemical reactions of the platelets. They fail to aggregate normally, and
- retraction of clots is also abnormal.
-
- Causes
-
- Thrombasthenia may be inherited either through autosomal dominant or
- recessive mechanisms.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother.
-
- In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the normal gene
- and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the
- disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy
- regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one receives one
- normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for
- the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the
- disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will
- be genetically normal.
-
- Four different genetic abnormalities that are associated with
- thrombasthenia have been found so far.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Other disorders of platelet function include Bernard-Soulier Syndrome, May-
- Hegglin Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome, the Gray Platelet Syndrome, and
- various defects of collagen induced platelet aggregation. Platelet disorders
- are also associated with congenital conditions such as Wiskott-Aldrich
- Syndrome, Down's Syndrome, Thrombocytopenia with Absent Radius syndrome, and
- von Willebrand's Disease.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The only known therapy for Thrombasthenia is the transfusion of fresh blood
- from a normal donor when bleeding is severe.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Thrombasthenia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1164.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 1056-7.
-
-