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- $Unique_ID{BRK04235}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Stenosis, Spinal}
- $Subject{Stenosis, Spinal Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Degenerative Lumbar Spinal
- Stenosis Familial Lumbar Stenosis Stenosis of the Lumbar Vertebral Canal
- Lumbar Canal Stenosis Lumbosacral Spinal Stenosis Thoracic Spinal Canal
- Stenosis Cervical Spinal Stenosis Tandem Spinal Stenosis Sciatica Paget's
- Disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cauda Equina Syndrome Herniated
- Intervertebral Lumbar disk }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 402:
- Stenosis, Spinal
-
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Spinal Stenosis) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
- Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
- Familial Lumbar Stenosis
- Stenosis of the Lumbar Vertebral Canal
- Lumbar Canal Stenosis
- Lumbosacral Spinal Stenosis
- Thoracic Spinal Canal Stenosis
- Cervical Spinal Stenosis
- Tandem Spinal Stenosis
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Sciatica
- Paget's Disease
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Cauda Equina Syndrome
- Herniated Intervertebral Lumbar disk
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Spinal Stenosis is characterized by measurable constriction, compression
- or narrowing of space inside the spinal canal, nerve root canals, or
- vertebrae which contains nerves and blood vessels. This condition can affect
- limited areas of the spine. Constriction may or may not continue to
- progress. In other cases, symptoms may begin as a result of spinal injury or
- surgery for spinal disk problems. Abnormal bone growth or deterioration can
- cause narrowing of the spinal canal. Nerve and blood vessel compression,
- intermittent limping or problems with walking, and/or urinary incontinence
- can occur. Pain, numbness or burning sensations may occur in the lower back
- or legs. Temporary paralysis of the legs can also develop.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Spinal Stenosis is characterized by narrowing of the space occupied by nerves
- and blood vessels inside the spinal canal or vertebrae. It can be marked by
- abnormal bone growth or deterioration. Nerve and blood vessel compression
- can lead to problems with walking, intermittent limping, urinary
- incontinence, temporary paralysis of the legs, and pain or burning sensations
- in the lower back and legs. This disorder tends to occur most often among
- middle aged or elderly persons although it can be present at birth.
-
- Causes
-
- Spinal Stenosis may be inherited in some cases as an autosomal dominant
- trait. (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product
- of the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the
- father and one from the mother. In dominant disorders, a single copy of the
- disease gene (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed
- "dominating" the normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The
- risk of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50%
- for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Spinal Stenosis tends to affect males more often than females, and is usually
- found among middle aged or elderly persons. Persons engaging in extremely
- rough contact sports with a high possibility of sustaining back injuries
- (such as football or hockey) may have more occurrences than that of the
- general population.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Spinal
- Stenosis. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Sciatica is a sciatic nerve root disease that causes very severe pain.
- It may occur alone or in combination with other conditions. Sciatica is
- characterized by pain radiating down one or both buttocks and/or legs in the
- distribution of the sciatic nerve. Sciatica can be caused by peripheral
- nerve root compression from spinal disk abnormalities, tumors, or rarely from
- infection. The nerves may be compressed inside the spinal canal, pelvis or
- buttocks. Toxic inflammation (usually caused by Diabetes or alcoholism) may
- also cause this type of nerve pain in rare cases.
-
- Paget's Disease is a slowly progressive disease of the skeletal system
- characterized by abnormally rapid bone breakdown and formation, leading to
- the development of bones that are dense but fragile. It usually affects
- middle-aged and elderly people and most frequently occurs in the spine,
- skull, pelvis, thighs and lower legs. When the spine is affected, symptoms
- can resemble those of Spinal Stenosis. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Paget" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Cauda Equina Syndrome is characterized by dull pain in the lower back
- (upper sacral) region with loss of sensation in buttocks, genitalia, or
- thighs. Bowel and bladder function are disturbed. This is caused by
- compression of the bundle of spinal nerve roots (cauda equina) below the
- first lumbar vertebra. Surgical decompression can be successful in
- alleviating symptoms.
-
- A Herniated Intervertebral Lumbar ("slipped") Disk refers to an abnormal
- protrusion into the spinal canal of the fibrous tissue (spinal disk) that
- acts as a shock absorber between bony vertebrae. The disk does not actually
- move, but rather swells outward. The protruded disk can compress the space
- in the spinal canal and cause nerve injury and pain. This condition is very
- common, and occasionally may require correction by surgery.
-
- The following disorder may precede the development of Spinal Stenosis.
- This can be useful in identifying an underlying cause of some forms of this
- disorder:
-
- Achondroplasia is an inherited skeletal disorder which is one of a group
- of congenital disorders known as the chondrodystrophies. These diseases are
- marked by abnormalities in the way cartilage is converted to bone. Skeletal
- deformities and dwarfism occur as a result of growth abnormalities in the
- bone and cartilage. In some cases, the bones and cartilage of the spine are
- affected causing narrowing in the intervertebral canal or Spinal Stenosis.
- (For more information on this disorder, choose "Achondroplasia" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Diagnosis of Spinal Stenosis involves the use of imaging procedures such as
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT) scan,
- myelography, and/or intraoperative spinal sonography (IOSS). Surgery to
- decompress the spinal canal may be helpful. Other treatment is symptomatic
- and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Internal Spinal Fixation devices are being tested for some cases of Spinal
- Stenosis. These devices seek to alleviate pressure on nerves or blood
- vessels in the spinal canal by mechanically changing the position of some of
- the bony vertebral sections. More research is required to determine complete
- long-term effectiveness of these devices.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- April 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Spinal Stenosis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Scoliosis Foundation, Inc.
- 72 Mount Auburn St.
- Watertown, MA 02172
- (617) 926-0397
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
- Information Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 7th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. P. 465.
-
- SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF LUMBAR SPINAL STENOSIS: R.J. Nasca; Spine
- (October 1987, issue 12(8)). Pp. 809-816.
-
- LUMBAR HERNIATED DISK DISEASE AND CANAL STENOSIS: PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION
- BY SURFACE COIL MR, CT, AND MYELOGRAPHY: M.T. Modic, et al.; AJR (October
- 1986, issue 147(4)). Pp. 757-765.
-
- TANDEM LUMBAR AND CERVICAL SPINAL STENOSIS. NATURAL HISTORY, PROGNOSTIC
- INDICES, AND RESULTS AFTER SURGICAL DECOMPRESSION: T.F. Dagi, et al.; J
- Neurosurg (June 1987, issue 66(6)). Pp. 842-849.
-
- CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME: A COMPLICATION OF LUMBAR DISCECTOMY: A.C.
- McLaren, et al.; Clin Orthop (March 1986, issue 204). Pp. 143-149.
-
- THORACIC SPINAL CANAL STENOSIS: G.H. Barnett, et al.; J Neurosurg (March
- 1987, issue 66(3)). Pp. 338-344.
-
- INTERPEDUNCULAR SEGMENTAL FIXATION: E. Luque; Clin Orthop (February
- 1986, issue 203). Pp. 54-57.
-
-